1,117 research outputs found
Immunomagnetic t-lymphocyte depletion (ITLD) of rat bone marrow using OX-19 monoclonal antibody
Graft versus host disease (GVHD) may be abrogated and host survival prolonged by in vitro depletion of T lymphocytes from bone marrow (BM) prior to allotransplantation. Using a mouse anti-rat pan T-lymphocyte monoclonal antibody (0×19) bound to monosized, magnetic, polymer beads, T lymphocytes were removed in vitro from normal bone marrow. The removal of the T lymphocytes was confirmed by flow cytometry. Injection of the T-lymphocyte-depleted bone marrow into fully allogeneic rats prevents the induction of GVHD and prolongs host survival. A highly efficient technique of T-lymphocyte depletion using rat bone marrow is described. It involves the binding of OX-19, a MoAb directed against all rat thy-mocytes and mature peripheral T lymphocytes, to monosized, magnetic polymer spheres. Magnetic separation of T lymphocytes after mixing the allogeneic bone marrow with the bead/OX-19 complex provides for a simple, rapid depletion of T lymphocytes from the bone marrow. In vitro studies using flow cytometry and the prevention of GVHD in a fully allogeneic rat bone marrow model have been used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the depletion procedure. © 1989 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted
Influence of a Uniform Current on Collective Magnetization Dynamics in a Ferromagnetic Metal
We discuss the influence of a uniform current, , on the
magnetization dynamics of a ferromagnetic metal. We find that the magnon energy
has a current-induced contribution proportional to
, where is the spin-current, and
predict that collective dynamics will be more strongly damped at finite . We obtain similar results for models with and without local moment
participation in the magnetic order. For transition metal ferromagnets, we
estimate that the uniform magnetic state will be destabilized for . We discuss the relationship of this effect to
the spin-torque effects that alter magnetization dynamics in inhomogeneous
magnetic systems.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure
``Smoke Rings'' in Ferromagnets
It is shown that bulk ferromagnets support propagating non-linear modes that
are analogous to the vortex rings, or ``smoke rings'', of fluid dynamics. These
are circular loops of {\it magnetic} vorticity which travel at constant
velocity parallel to their axis of symmetry. The topological structure of the
continuum theory has important consequences for the properties of these
magnetic vortex rings. One finds that there exists a sequence of magnetic
vortex rings that are distinguished by a topological invariant (the Hopf
invariant). We present analytical and numerical results for the energies,
velocities and structures of propagating magnetic vortex rings in ferromagnetic
materials.Comment: 4 pages, 3 eps-figures, revtex with epsf.tex and multicol.sty. To
appear in Physical Review Letters. (Postscript problem fixed.
Novel cytokine and chemokine markers of hidradenitis suppurativa reflect chronic inflammation and itch
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148237/1/all13665-sup-0001-SupInfo.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148237/2/all13665_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148237/3/all13665.pd
Spin transfer in an antiferromagnet
An electrical current can transfer spin angular momentum to a ferromagnet.
This novel physical phenomenon, called spin transfer, offers unprecedented
spatial and temporal control over the magnetic state of a ferromagnet and has
tremendous potential in a broad range of technologies, including magnetic
memory and recording. Recently, it has been predicted that spin transfer is not
limited to ferromagnets, but can also occur in antiferromagnetic materials and
even be stronger under some conditions. In this paper we demonstrate transfer
of spin angular momentum across an interface between ferromagnetic and
antiferromagnetic metals. The spin transfer is mediated by an electrical
current of high density (~10^12 A/m^2) and revealed by variation in the
exchange bias at the ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interface. We find that,
depending on the polarity of the electrical current flowing across the
interface, the strength of the exchange bias can either increase or decrease.
This finding is explained by the theoretical prediction that a spin polarized
current generates a torque on magnetic moments in the antiferromagnet.
Current-mediated variation of exchange bias can be used to control the magnetic
state of spin-valve devices, e.g., in magnetic memory applications.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Nanomechanical Detection of Itinerant Electron Spin Flip
Spin is an intrinsically quantum property, characterized by angular momentum.
A change in the spin state is equivalent to a change in the angular momentum or
mechanical torque. This spin-induced torque has been invoked as the intrinsic
mechanism in experiments ranging from the measurements of angular momentum of
photons g-factor of metals and magnetic resonance to the magnetization reversal
in magnetic multi-layers A spin-polarized current introduced into a nonmagnetic
nanowire produces a torque associated with the itinerant electron spin flip.
Here, we report direct measurement of this mechanical torque and itinerant
electron spin polarization in an integrated nanoscale torsion oscillator, which
could yield new information on the itinerancy of the d-band electrons. The
unprecedented torque sensitivity of 10^{-22} N m/ \sqrt{Hz} may enable
applications for spintronics, precision measurements of CP-violating forces,
untwisting of DNA and torque generating molecules.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures. visit http://nano.bu.edu/ for related paper
Electron focusing, mode spectroscopy and mass enhancement in small GaAs/AlGaAs rings
A new electron focusing effect has been discovered in small single and
coupled GaAs/AlGaAs rings. The focusing in the single ring is attributed solely
to internal orbits. The focusing effect allows the ring to be used as a small
mass spectrometer. The focusing causes peaks in the magnetoresistance at low
fields, and the peak positions were used to study the dispersion relation of
the one-dimensional magnetoelectric subbands. The electron effective mass
increases with the applied magnetic field by a factor of , at a magnetic
field of . This is the first time this increase has been measured
directly. General agreement obtains between the experiment and the subband
calculations for straight channels.Comment: 13 pages figures are available by reques
Cascaded two-photon nonlinearity in a one-dimensional waveguide with multiple two-level emitters
We propose and theoretically investigate a model to realize cascaded optical
nonlinearity with few atoms and photons in one-dimension (1D). The optical
nonlinearity in our system is mediated by resonant interactions of photons with
two-level emitters, such as atoms or quantum dots in a 1D photonic waveguide.
Multi-photon transmission in the waveguide is nonreciprocal when the emitters
have different transition energies. Our theory provides a clear physical
understanding of the origin of nonreciprocity in the presence of cascaded
nonlinearity. We show how various two-photon nonlinear effects including
spatial attraction and repulsion between photons, background fluorescence can
be tuned by changing the number of emitters and the coupling between emitters
(controlled by the separation).Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Mechanical and Spectroscopic Analysis of Retrieved/Failed Dental Implants
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