5,520 research outputs found
Nonlocal Operational Calculi for Dunkl Operators
The one-dimensional Dunkl operator with a non-negative parameter ,
is considered under an arbitrary nonlocal boundary value condition. The right
inverse operator of , satisfying this condition is studied. An operational
calculus of Mikusinski type is developed. In the frames of this operational
calculi an extension of the Heaviside algorithm for solution of nonlocal Cauchy
boundary value problems for Dunkl functional-differential equations
with a given polynomial is proposed. The solution of these equations in
mean-periodic functions reduces to such problems. Necessary and sufficient
condition for existence of unique solution in mean-periodic functions is found
Projection Methods: Swiss Army Knives for Solving Feasibility and Best Approximation Problems with Halfspaces
We model a problem motivated by road design as a feasibility problem.
Projections onto the constraint sets are obtained, and projection methods for
solving the feasibility problem are studied. We present results of numerical
experiments which demonstrate the efficacy of projection methods even for
challenging nonconvex problems
Linear differential operators on contact manifolds
We consider differential operators between sections of arbitrary powers of
the determinant line bundle over a contact manifold. We extend the standard
notions of the Heisenberg calculus: noncommutative symbolic calculus, the
principal symbol, and the contact order to such differential operators. Our
first main result is an intrinsically defined "subsymbol" of a differential
operator, which is a differential invariant of degree one lower than that of
the principal symbol. In particular, this subsymbol associates a contact vector
field to an arbitrary second order linear differential operator. Our second
main result is the construction of a filtration that strengthens the well-known
contact order filtration of the Heisenberg calculus
Relaxation of a Colloidal Particle into a Nonequilibrium Steady State
We study the relaxation of a single colloidal sphere which is periodically
driven between two nonequilibrium steady states. Experimentally, this is
achieved by driving the particle along a toroidal trap imposed by scanned
optical tweezers. We find that the relaxation time after which the probability
distributions have been relaxed is identical to that obtained by a steady state
measurement. In quantitative agreement with theoretical calculations the
relaxation time strongly increases when driving the system further away from
thermal equilibrium
Negotiating Concurrently with Unknown Opponents in Complex, Real-Time Domains
We propose a novel strategy to enable autonomous agents to negotiate concurrently with multiple, unknown opponents in real-time, over complex multi-issue domains. We formalise our strategy as an optimisation problem, in which decisions are based on probabilistic information about the opponents' strategies acquired during negotiation. In doing so, we develop the first principled approach that enables the coordination of multiple, concurrent negotiation threads for practical negotiation settings. Furthermore, we validate our strategy using the agents and domains developed for the International Automated Negotiating Agents Competition (ANAC), and we benchmark our strategy against the state-of-the-art. We find that our approach significantly outperforms existing approaches, and this difference improves even further as the number of available negotiation opponents and the complexity of the negotiation domain increases
Micromagnetic Simulation of Nanoscale Films with Perpendicular Anisotropy
A model is studied for the theoretical description of nanoscale magnetic
films with high perpendicular anisotropy. In the model the magnetic film is
described in terms of single domain magnetic grains with Ising-like behavior,
interacting via exchange as well as via dipolar forces. Additionally, the model
contains an energy barrier and a coupling to an external magnetic field.
Disorder is taken into account in order to describe realistic domain and domain
wall structures. The influence of a finite temperature as well as the dynamics
can be modeled by a Monte Carlo simulation.
Many of the experimental findings can be investigated and at least partly
understood by the model introduced above. For thin films the magnetisation
reversal is driven by domain wall motion. The results for the field and
temperature dependence of the domain wall velocity suggest that for thin films
hysteresis can be described as a depinning transition of the domain walls
rounded by thermal activation for finite temperatures.Comment: Revtex, Postscript Figures, to be published in J. Appl.Phy
A New Radio Molecular Line Survey of Planetary Nebulae: HNC/HCN as a Diagnostic of Ultraviolet Irradiation
Certain planetary nebulae contain shells, filaments, or globules of cold gas
and dust whose heating and chemistry are likely driven by UV and X-ray emission
from their central stars and from wind-collision-generated shocks. We present
the results of a survey of molecular line emission in the 88-236 GHz range from
nine nearby (<1.5 kpc) planetary nebulae spanning a range of UV and X-ray
luminosities, using the 30 m telescope of the Institut de Radioastronomie
Millimetrique. Rotational transitions of thirteen molecules, including CO
isotopologues and chemically important trace species, were observed and the
results compared with and augmented by previous studies of molecular gas in
PNe. Lines of the molecules HCO+, HNC, HCN, and CN, which were detected in most
objects, represent new detections for five planetary nebulae in our study.
Specifically, we present the first detections of 13CO (1-0, 2-1), HCO+, CN,
HCN, and HNC in NGC 6445; HCO+ in BD+303639; 13CO (2-1), CN, HCN, and HNC in
NGC 6853; and 13CO (2-1) and CN in NGC 6772. Flux ratios were analyzed to
identify correlations between the central star and/or nebular UV and X-ray
luminosities and the molecular chemistries of the nebulae. This analysis
reveals a surprisingly robust dependence of the HNC/HCN line ratio on PN
central star UV luminosity. There exists no such clear correlation between PN
X-rays and various diagnostics of PN molecular chemistry. The correlation
between HNC/HCN ratio and central star UV luminosity demonstrates the potential
of molecular emission line studies of PNe for improving our understanding of
the role that high-energy radiation plays in the heating and chemistry of
photodissociation regions.Comment: 17 pages, 17 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy
& Astrophysic
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