Kerjasama Universitas Riau dan Universitas Kyoto dalam Pengelolaan Ekosistem Gambut di Kabupaten Bengkalis Tahun 2010-2014

This research explains about cooperation of Riau University and Kyoto University forward management of peatland ecosystem in District Bengkalis-Indonesia. The purpose of this research to know degradation of peatland ecosystem in District Bengkalis-Indonesia have global effect. A huge of peat area unwise exploited, especially for palm oil plantation industrial forest estate (plantation development: forestry and estate corps). This problem have of interest to the international institutions do research of peat, one of its Kyoto University. Kyoto University have partnership with Riau University. This research is a qualitative research. Method applied in doing this research is descriptive analysis with aim to depict and analyzed a phenomenon in this case. By using the Pluralism perspective to analyze the role of non state actor and global issue not only limited in security case and military case but international politics agenda very large. Cooperation theory to analyze how human necessities increase and interdependence complex required every state to cooperate. This research is a qualitative research. Method applied in doing this research is descriptive analysis with aim to depict and analyzed a phenomenon in this case. By using the Pluralism perspective to analyze the role of non state actor and global issue not only limited in security case and military case but international politics agenda very large. Cooperation theory to analyze how human necessities increase and interdependence complex required every state to cooperate. The result of show that peatland degradation have global effect. Parties exploit in this case which is economic interest with do in the name of environment issue. Research of Riau University and Kyoto University give solution for peatland problem with strategy and applied policy sustainable management of peatland ecosystem to reduce the risk of fire and associated regional haze. Also identified were actions (related to research, industry or local management practice or policies) need from different stakeholders, such as local governments, companies, NGOs, communities and researchers, to reduce or resolve the problem of peatland degradation in different scenarios. The result of show that peatland degradation have global effect. Parties exploit in this case which is economic interest with do in the name of environment issue. Research of Riau University and Kyoto University give solution for peatland problem with strategy and applied policy sustainable management of peatland ecosystem to reduce the risk of fire and associated regional haze. Also identified were actions (related to research, industry or local management practice or policies) need from different stakeholders, such as local governments, companies, NGOs, communities and researchers, to reduce or resolve the problem of peatland degradation in different scenarios. Keyword: international cooperation, peatland, and sustainable management Keyword: international cooperation, peatland, and sustainable managemen

Mechanical Analysis of Serpentinite Rock in Indrapuri, Tangse, and Beutong

Aceh is one of province that has abundant natural resources, which consist of natural resources which can be renewed or not renewed. With the increasing human population, especially in Indonesia, resulting in increasing human needs of various sectors, particularly in the construction sector. In the development activities required a lot of materials-minerals, such as sandstone, limestone, serpentinite rock which serves for a variety of needs in development activities. In District Indrapuri (Aceh Besar Regency), Tangse (Pidie Regency), and Beutong (Nagan Raya Regency) finding of the serpentinite rock is abundance. Meanwhile, in line with the rapid physical development in Aceh and its surroundings, then the needs of rock as building materials will increase as well. Research done by physical properties (specific gravity, absorption, porosity), and mechanical properties (testing compressive strength, wear/abrassion) of serpentinite rock to determine its quality as a building material. The results show that the serpentinite rock contained in District Indrapuri, Tangse, and Beutong for the building according SII 0378-80 is qualified for the foundation, curb stones, and ornamental stones or paste stones

Analysis of a 440C steel roller bearing using finite element method

One of the important component of working machines or conveyer belt is the roller bearing. They are applied in different sectors ranging from automotive to heavy duty machineries in high speed drills. Their performance greatly affects the machines. This study illustrate the analysis of the contact stress developed in a roller bearing using ANSYS software. The Finite Element simulating results revels maximum stress distribution value of 6.597E-09 MPa under the applied loading condition appearing on the roller balls. The total moment for the variation to time is 2.5868E-07 experienced at 7.7 s while the relative rotation in the Z-direction is at its peak at 6 s. Therefore, this study shows that FEA in ANSYS has provide a faster and cheaper method compared to the production of numerous prototypes

A systematic and bibliometric analysis on 3D printing published in scientific citation index-expanded indexed journals between 1999 and 2019

Recently, there has been a rapid increase in the use of additive manufacturing technologies in different sectors. Approaches of additive production (AM) have actually been created to fulfil the need of printing complicated frameworks at great resolutions. Rapid prototyping, the capability to print huge frameworks, decreasing printing problems and also improving mechanical properties are a few of the vital elements that have actually driven the advancement of AM innovations. Additive production has actually been extensively used in various markets, consisting of building, prototyping and also biomechanical. The uptake of 3D printing in the building and construction sector, particularly, was restricted as well as extremely sluggish regardless of the benefit. This paper intends to give review of the major 3D printing methods used in present state as well as applications in different sectors. The paper also presents bibliometric review on the published articles between 1999 and 2019 to as a stepping stone to interested researchers wishing to publish their work in 3D printing

Effects of antibiotic resistance, drug target attainment, bacterial pathogenicity and virulence, and antibiotic access and affordability on outcomes in neonatal sepsis: an international microbiology and drug evaluation prospective substudy (BARNARDS)

Background Sepsis is a major contributor to neonatal mortality, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). WHO advocates ampicillin–gentamicin as first-line therapy for the management of neonatal sepsis. In the BARNARDS observational cohort study of neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial resistance in LMICs, common sepsis pathogens were characterised via whole genome sequencing (WGS) and antimicrobial resistance profiles. In this substudy of BARNARDS, we aimed to assess the use and efficacy of empirical antibiotic therapies commonly used in LMICs for neonatal sepsis. Methods In BARNARDS, consenting mother–neonates aged 0–60 days dyads were enrolled on delivery or neonatal presentation with suspected sepsis at 12 BARNARDS clinical sites in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Rwanda, and South Africa. Stillborn babies were excluded from the study. Blood samples were collected from neonates presenting with clinical signs of sepsis, and WGS and minimum inhibitory concentrations for antibiotic treatment were determined for bacterial isolates from culture-confirmed sepsis. Neonatal outcome data were collected following enrolment until 60 days of life. Antibiotic usage and neonatal outcome data were assessed. Survival analyses were adjusted to take into account potential clinical confounding variables related to the birth and pathogen. Additionally, resistance profiles, pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic probability of target attainment, and frequency of resistance (ie, resistance defined by in-vitro growth of isolates when challenged by antibiotics) were assessed. Questionnaires on health structures and antibiotic costs evaluated accessibility and affordability. Findings Between Nov 12, 2015, and Feb 1, 2018, 36 285 neonates were enrolled into the main BARNARDS study, of whom 9874 had clinically diagnosed sepsis and 5749 had available antibiotic data. The four most commonly prescribed antibiotic combinations given to 4451 neonates (77·42%) of 5749 were ampicillin–gentamicin, ceftazidime–amikacin, piperacillin–tazobactam–amikacin, and amoxicillin clavulanate–amikacin. This dataset assessed 476 prescriptions for 442 neonates treated with one of these antibiotic combinations with WGS data (all BARNARDS countries were represented in this subset except India). Multiple pathogens were isolated, totalling 457 isolates. Reported mortality was lower for neonates treated with ceftazidime–amikacin than for neonates treated with ampicillin–gentamicin (hazard ratio [adjusted for clinical variables considered potential confounders to outcomes] 0·32, 95% CI 0·14–0·72; p=0·0060). Of 390 Gram-negative isolates, 379 (97·2%) were resistant to ampicillin and 274 (70·3%) were resistant to gentamicin. Susceptibility of Gram-negative isolates to at least one antibiotic in a treatment combination was noted in 111 (28·5%) to ampicillin–gentamicin; 286 (73·3%) to amoxicillin clavulanate–amikacin; 301 (77·2%) to ceftazidime–amikacin; and 312 (80·0%) to piperacillin–tazobactam–amikacin. A probability of target attainment of 80% or more was noted in 26 neonates (33·7% [SD 0·59]) of 78 with ampicillin–gentamicin; 15 (68·0% [3·84]) of 27 with amoxicillin clavulanate–amikacin; 93 (92·7% [0·24]) of 109 with ceftazidime–amikacin; and 70 (85·3% [0·47]) of 76 with piperacillin–tazobactam–amikacin. However, antibiotic and country effects could not be distinguished. Frequency of resistance was recorded most frequently with fosfomycin (in 78 isolates [68·4%] of 114), followed by colistin (55 isolates [57·3%] of 96), and gentamicin (62 isolates [53·0%] of 117). Sites in six of the seven countries (excluding South Africa) stated that the cost of antibiotics would influence treatment of neonatal sepsis

An Application of Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Solving Combined Economic and Emission Dispatch Problem

This paper presents the application of Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) in solving the combined economic and emission (CEED) dispatch problem. As been known, CEED can be formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem which is involving two objectives that conflicting each other. The objective is to find the tradeoff between minimizing the costs of fuel as well as minimizing the emission levels simultaneously while satisfying all the constraints. In this paper, this bi-objective function is transformed into a single objective function by introducing the price penalty and weighting factors. In order to show the effectiveness of CSA in solving CEED, two test systems are used: 6-units and 40-units generator systems. The comparison with other recent techniques is also given in this paper

Implementation of Health Protocol Policy in Covid-19 Prevention

Introduction; In 2020, the corona virus spread, a new type of virus (SARS-CoV-2) whose disease is called Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Corona virus is a virus that comes from animals and is transmitted through humans. Aim; know the description of the implementation of health protocol policies in the prevention of COVID-19. Method; The type of research used is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach with a total of 5 informants consisting of 1 key informant and 3 regular informants and 1 additional informant. Data were analyzed (content analysis) using interview and observation guidelines. Results; found that the implementation of health protocol policies in preventing COVID-19 has not been fully implemented because the community does not have the awareness to apply it in everyday life. Conclusion; the application of the use of masks, washing hands and social distancing have not been fully implemented properly, this is because there are still many residents who are active outside the home and still ignore

Allocation and Sizing of Distributed Generation (DG) using EP, AIS and PSO

Recent changes in the electric utility infrastructure has created opportunity for many technological innovations including application of Distributed Generation (DG) in order to obtain a maximum benefits. To achieve the benefits, factors such as the sizing and the best location have to be considered. This paper focuses on to determine the optimal allocation and sizing of the DG in order to minimize the losses and improve voltage stability in the system using Evolutionary Programming(EP), Artificial Immune System (AIS) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)technique. The Static Voltage Stability Index (SVSI) was used as the objective function for the developed optimization technique and able to minimize total transmission losses, improved voltage stability and increase voltage profile of the system. The effectiveness of the proposed technique was validated on standard IEEE 30-bus Reliability Test System (RTS)