3,271 research outputs found
meson effects on neutron stars in the modified quark-meson coupling model
The properties of neutron stars are investigated by including meson
field in the Lagrangian density of modified quark-meson coupling model. The
population with meson is larger than that without
meson at the beginning, but it becomes smaller than that without meson
as the appearance of . The meson has opposite effects on
hadronic matter with or without hyperons: it softens the EOSes of hadronic
matter with hyperons, while it stiffens the EOSes of pure nucleonic matter.
Furthermore, the leptons and the hyperons have the similar influence on
meson effects. The meson increases the maximum masses of
neutron stars. The influence of on the meson effects
are also investigated.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, 4 table
Tensor coupling effects on spin symmetry in anti-Lambda spectrum of hypernuclei
The effects of -tensor coupling on the spin
symmetry of spectra in -nucleus systems have
been studied with the relativistic mean-field theory. Taking
C+ as an example, it is found that the tensor coupling
enlarges the spin-orbit splittings of by an order of magnitude
although its effects on the wave functions of are negligible.
Similar conclusions has been observed in -nucleus of different
mass regions, including O+, Ca+ and
Pb+. It indicates that the spin symmetry in
anti-lambda-nucleus systems is still good irrespective of the tensor coupling.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures
The Drosophila caspase Ice is important for many apoptotic cell deaths and for spermatid individualization, a nonapoptotic process
Caspase family proteases play important roles in the regulation of apoptotic cell death. Initiator caspases are activated in response to death stimuli, and they transduce and amplify these signals by cleaving and thereby activating effector caspases. In Drosophila, the initiator caspase Nc (previously Dronc) cleaves and activates two short-prodomain caspases, Dcp-1 and Ice (previously Drice), suggesting these as candidate effectors of Nc killing activity. dcp-1-null mutants are healthy and possess few defects in normally occurring cell death. To explore roles for Ice in cell death, we generated and characterized an Ice null mutant. Animals lacking Ice show a number of defects in cell death, including those that occur during embryonic development, as well as during formation of adult eyes, arista and wings. Ice mutants exhibit subtle defects in the destruction of larval tissues, and do not prevent destruction of salivary glands during metamorphosis. Cells from Ice animals are also markedly resistant to several stresses, including X-irradiation and inhibition of protein synthesis. Mutations in Ice also suppress cell death that is induced by expression of Rpr, Wrinkled (previously Hid) and Grim. These observations demonstrate that Ice plays an important non-redundant role as a cell death effector. Finally, we demonstrate that Ice participates in, but is not absolutely required for, the non-apoptotic process of spermatid differentiation
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Tet3 regulates synaptic transmission and homeostatic plasticity via DNA oxidation and repair.
Contrary to the long-held belief that DNA methylation of terminally differentiated cells is permanent and essentially immutable, post-mitotic neurons exhibit extensive DNA demethylation. The cellular function of active DNA demethylation in neurons, however, remains largely unknown. Tet family proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine to initiate active DNA demethylation through the base-excision repair (BER) pathway. We found that synaptic activity bi-directionally regulates neuronal Tet3 expression. Functionally, knockdown of Tet or inhibition of BER in hippocampal neurons elevated excitatory glutamatergic synaptic transmission, whereas overexpressing Tet3 or Tet1 catalytic domain decreased it. Furthermore, dysregulation of Tet3 signaling prevented homeostatic synaptic plasticity. Mechanistically, Tet3 dictated neuronal surface GluR1 levels. RNA-seq analyses further revealed a pivotal role of Tet3 in regulating gene expression in response to global synaptic activity changes. Thus, Tet3 serves as a synaptic activity sensor to epigenetically regulate fundamental properties and meta-plasticity of neurons via active DNA demethylation
Clinical significance of serum lipids in idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>It is well known that pulmonary alveolar proteinosis(PAP) is characterised by accumulation of surfactant lipids and proteins within airspaces. However, few previous data describe the serum lipid levels associated with PAP.</p> <p>Materials and methods</p> <p>We retrospectively reviewed 25 patients with idiopathic PAP(iPAP). The serum lipid levels of patients with idiopathic PAP were compared with those of the healthy volunteers. In patients and healthy subjects, the LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were 2.94 ± 1.21 and 1.60 ± 0.70, respectively (<it>p </it>< 0.001), HDL-C were 1.11 ± 0.27 and 1.71 ± 0.71 respectively (<it>p </it>< 0.001). The values of LDL-C correlated significantly with those of PaO2 and P<sub>A-a</sub>O2 (r = -0.685, <it>p </it>= 0.003, and r = 0.688, <it>p </it>= 0.003, respectively). The values of LDL-C/HDL-C ratios also correlated with PaO2 levels and PA-aO2 levels (r = -0.698, p = 0.003, and r = 0.653, p = 0.006, respectively). 11 and 13 patients experienced respectively a decline in TC and LDL-C levels following whole lung lavage(WLL), the median decline was 0.71 mmol/L(<it>p </it>< 0.009) and 0.47 mmol/L(<it>p </it>< 0.003), respectively.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>the serum lipid levels, especially the levels of LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C, may reflect the severity of the disease in PAP patients, and predict the therapeutic effect of WLL.</p
Single nonmagnetic impurity resonance in FeSe-based 122-type superconductors as a probe for pairing symmetry
We study the effect of a single non-magnetic impurity in
AFeSe (A=K, Rb, or Cs) superconductors by considering
various pairing states based on a three-orbital model consistent with the
photoemission experiments. The local density of states on and near the impurity
site has been calculated by solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations
self-consistently. The impurity-induced in-gap bound states are found only for
attractive impurity scattering potential, as in the cases of doping of Co or
Ni, which is characterized by the strong particle-hole asymmetry, in the
nodeless wave pairing state. This property may be used to probe
the pairing symmetry of FeSe-based 122-type superconductors.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure
Generation of GHZ-type and \emph{W}-type entangled coherent states of three-cavity fields
We present experimental schemes to prepare the three-cavity GHZ-type and
\emph{W}-type entangled coherent states in the context of dispersive cavity
quantum electrodynamics. The schemes can be easily generalized to prepare the
GHZ-type and \emph{W}-type entangled coherent states of -cavity fields. The
discussion of our schemes indicates that it can be realized by current
technologies.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Plaquette Ordering in SU(4) Antiferromagnets
We use fermion mean field theory to study possible plaquette ordering in the
antiferromagnetic SU(4) Heisenberg model. We find the ground state for both the
square and triangular lattices to be the disconnected plaquette state. Our mean
field theory gives a first order transition for plaquette ordering for the
triangular lattice. Our results suggest a large number of low lying states.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure
Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity is Inversely Associated with Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness in a Population-Based Study
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) from diet and supplements and prostate cancer aggressiveness among 855 African Americans (AA) and 945 European Americans (EA) in the North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP). Cases were classified as either high aggressive, low aggressive, or intermediate aggressive. TAC was calculated from the vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity of 42 antioxidants measured via food frequency questionnaire. EA reported greater dietary TAC from diet and supplements combined (P 1500 vs. < 500 mg VCE/d): 0.31 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.67; P-trend < 0.01), 0.28 (95% CI: 0.08, 0.96; P-trend < 0.001), and 0.36 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.86; P-trend = 0.58), respectively. These associations did not appear to differ between AA and EA. These data suggest that greater intake of antioxidants is associated with less aggressive prostate cancer. Additional research is needed to confirm these results and determine the underlying mechanisms
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