1,257 research outputs found
Computer programs for thermodynamic and transport properties of hydrogen
Computer program subroutines provide the thermodynamic and transport properties of hydrogen in tabular form. The programs provide 18 combinations of input and output variables. This program is written in FORTRAN 4 for use on the IBM 7044 or CDC 3600 computers
Uniform data system standardizes technical computations and the purchasing of commercially important gases
Integrated tables of pressure, volume, and temperature for the saturated liquid, from the triple point to the critical point of the gases, have been developed. Tables include definition of saturated liquid curve. Values are presented in metric and practical units. Advantages of the new tables are discussed
Pest management: Four years experience in a commercial apple orchard
Pest management in a 12-ha apple orchard from 1973 to 1976 resulted in a 50 percent reduction in the number of sprays that are normally applied to control insects and mites. Codling moth, <i>Laspeyresia pomonella</i> (L.), populations were monitored by sex pheromone traps and populations of other insects and mites were assessed by specific sampling techniques. Leafrollers were the most difficult pests to control and fruit injury was 1.5 to 2.0 percent in 3 of the 4 years. Mites were held below treatment levels by the predator, <i>Typhlodromus occidentalis</i> Nesbitt, except for the apple rust mite, <i>Aculus schlechtendali</i> (Nalepa) which required chemical control
Thermodynamic properties of saturated liquid parahydrogen charted for important temperature range
Six entropy diagrams for parahydrogen in or near the saturated liquid state cover the temperature range from 29.16 degrees to 42.48 degrees R with pressures to 100 psia and mixtures of the liquid and vapor phases to 0.003 quality. The diagrams are printed in color, are 19 by 30 inches in size, and are suitable for wall mounting
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Coal-derived promoters for the liquefaction of Illinois coal
The objective of this program is to investigate the use of liquids derived from coal either by mild gasification or supercritical extraction (SCE) to promote direct liquefaction of Illinois coal. Some organic sulfur-, nitrogen-, and oxygen-containing compounds have been found to enhance liquefaction reactions. The use of Illinois coal to produce liquid fractions rich in these types of compounds could increase the rates of liquefaction reactions, thus improving the process economics. An integrated process combining direct liquefaction with mild gasification or SCE of coal is being developed by IGT. The approach taken in this two-year program is to use recently developed molecular probe techniques to assess the reactivity of three coal-derived liquids with respect to (A) hydrogen transfer rate, (B) carbon-carbon bond cleavage rate, (C) free radical flux, and (D) hydrocracking activity. Sample liquids from Illinois Basin Coal IBC-106 are prepared by three methods: mild gasification in an isothermal free-fall reactor (IFFR), steam treatment followed by mild gasification in a fixed-bed reactor (ST/FBR), and SCE using toluene in a batch autoclave. During the first year of the program, the IFFR and ST/FBR coal liquids were produced and characterized, and the IFFR liquid was assessed by the four molecular-probe methods. During the first quarter of the second year, reactivity testing and data analysis on the ST/FBR coal liquid was completed. For the ST/FBR liquid, hydrogen transfer rate showed a mean increase of 7%, C-C bond cleavage selectivity increased by 27%, free radical flux increased 101%, and data indicated a 227% increase in hydrocracking activity. 12 refs., 5 figs., 7 tabs
Balance impairment limits ability to increase walking speed in individuals with chronic stroke
Determine the relationship between balance impairments and the ability to increase walking speed (WS) on demand in individuals with chronic stroke
Effects of hip joint centre mislocation on gait kinematics of children with cerebral palsy calculated using patient-specific direct and inverse kinematic models
Joint kinematics can be calculated by Direct Kinematics (DK), which is used in most clinical gait laboratories, or Inverse Kinematics (IK), which is mainly used for musculoskeletal research. In both approaches, joint centre locations are required to compute joint angles. The hip joint centre (HJC) in DK models can be estimated using predictive or functional methods, while in IK models can be obtained by scaling generic models. The aim of the current study was to systematically investigate the impact of HJC location errors on lower limb joint kinematics of a clinical population using DK and IK approaches. Subject-specific kinematic models of eight children with cerebral palsy were built from magnetic resonance images and used as reference models. HJC was then perturbed in 6mm steps within a 60mm cubic grid, and kinematic waveforms were calculated for the reference and perturbed models. HJC perturbations affected only hip and knee joint kinematics in a DK framework, but all joint angles were affected when using IK. In the DK model, joint constraints increased the sensitivity of joint range-of-motion to HJC location errors. Mean joint angle offsets larger than 5° were observed for both approaches (DK and IK), which were larger than previously reported for healthy adults. In the absence of medical images to identify the HJC, predictive or functional methods with small errors in anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions and scaling procedures minimizing HJC location errors in the anterior-posterior direction should be chosen to minimize the impact on joint kinematics
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Approach to record linkage of primary care data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink to other health-related patient data: overview and implications
Record linkage is increasingly used to expand the information available for public health research. An understanding of record linkage methods and the relevant strengths and limitations is important for robust analysis and interpretation of linked data. Here, we describe the approach used by Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) to link primary care data to other patient level datasets, and the potential implications of this approach for CPRD data analysis. General practice electronic health record software providers separately submit de-identified data to CPRD and patient identifiers to NHS Digital, excluding patients who have opted-out from contributing data. Data custodians for external datasets also send patient identifiers to NHS Digital. NHS Digital uses identifiers to link the datasets using an 8-stage deterministic methodology. CPRD subsequently receives a de-identified linked cohort file and provides researchers with anonymised linked data and metadata detailing the linkage process. This methodology has been used to generate routine primary care linked datasets, including data from Hospital Episode Statistics, Office for National Statistics and National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service. 10.6 million (M) patients from 411 English general practices were included in record linkage in June 2018. 9.1M (86%) patients were of research quality, of which 8.0M (88%) had a valid NHS number and were eligible for linkage in the CPRD standard linked dataset release. Linking CPRD data to other sources improves the range and validity of research studies. This manuscript, together with metadata generated on match strength and linkage eligibility, can be used to inform study design and explore potential linkage-related selection and misclassification biases
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The MAGSORB process for bulk separation of carbon dioxide
During the sixth quarter of this program, work continued on the preparation of homogeneous batches of sorbent. It had previously been found that there was not consistent agreement between the Mg/K ratios calculated from the amounts of reagents used and the ratios determined by chemical analysis using atomic absorption spectrometry. In our investigation of the causes of these inconsistencies, we also found that there was an unacceptably high variation in the Mg/K ratio among the individual sorbent pellets. This quarter, sorbent pellets that had shown excessive variation in the Mg/K ratio were ground and the powder mixed to produce a uniform material. This material was then pelletized with a compaction device and the pellets checked for composition and reactivity. Although this procedure produced pellets with consistent Mg/K ratios, thermobalance tests showed reduced reactivity
Pest management: Four years experience in a commercial apple orchard
Pest management in a 12-ha apple orchard from 1973 to 1976 resulted in a 50 percent reduction in the number of sprays that are normally applied to control insects and mites. Codling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), populations were monitored by sex pheromone traps and populations of other insects and mites were assessed by specific sampling techniques. Leafrollers were the most difficult pests to control and fruit injury was 1.5 to 2.0 percent in 3 of the 4 years. Mites were held below treatment levels by the predator, Typhlodromus occidentalis Nesbitt, except for the apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa) which required chemical control
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