Management of erectile dysfunction post-radical prostatectomy

© 2015 Saleh et al.Radical prostatectomy is a commonly performed procedure for the treatment of localized prostate cancer. One of the long-term complications is erectile dysfunction. There is little consensus on the optimal management; however, it is agreed that treatment must be prompt to prevent fibrosis and increase oxygenation of penile tissue. It is vital that patient expectations are discussed, a realistic time frame of treatment provided, and treatment started as close to the prostatectomy as possible. Current treatment regimens rely on phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors as a first-line therapy, with vacuum erection devices and intraurethral suppositories of alprostadil as possible treatment combination options. With nonresponders to these therapies, intracavernosal injections are resorted to. As a final measure, patients undergo the highly invasive penile prosthesis implantation. There is no uniform, objective treatment program for erectile dysfunction post-radical prostatectomy. Management plans are based on poorly conducted and often underpowered studies in combination with physician and patient preferences. They involve the aforementioned drugs and treatment methods in different sequences and doses. Prospective treatments include dietary supplements and gene therapy, which have shown promise with there proposed mechanisms of improving erectile function but are yet to be applied successfully in human patients

On the Kinetic Energy Density Functional: The Limit of the Density Derivative Order

Within ``orbital-free'' density functional theory, it is essential to develop general kinetic energy density (KED), denoted as $t(\mathbf{r})$. This is usually done by empirical corrections and enhancements, gradient expansions, machine learning, or axiomatic approaches to find forms that satisfy physical necessities. In all cases, it is crucial to determine the largest spatial density derivative order, $m$ in, $t(\mathbf{r})$. There have been many efforts to do so, but none have proven general or conclusive and there is no clear guide on how to set $m$. In this work, we found that, by imposing KED finitude, $m=D+1$ for systems of dimension $D$. This is consistent with observations and provides a needed guide for systematically developing more accurate KEDs

Identifikasi Pola Sebaran Intrusi Batuan Bawah Permukaan Menggunakan Metode Geomagnet di Sungai Jenelata Kabupaten Gowa

This research has been conducted using geomagnetic method at Jenelata River, Gowa regency, South Sulawesi. The purpose of this study is to identify subsurface geological structure of the study area. The number of measurement points as much as 248 points with area 70 × 300 meters. The process of data acquisition using a magnetometer. Data processing was carried out with the diurnal correction and IGRF correction and using filter upward continuation. Modelling conducted using forward modeling using the software Mag2DC. The total magnetic field ranges from 42,456 to 43,111.6 nT. Based on a qualitative interpretation obtain local magnetic anomaly contour variations values between -320 to 240 nT. While the quantitative interpretation indicates basalt rocks with susceptibility values to SI, which breached pyroclastic rocks with susceptibility values to SI, in the form of dyke

Detect The Most Important Changes That Occur in The Stomach Tissue of Patients Infected With H. Pylori

The current study aimed to detect the most important changes that occur in the stomach tissue of patients infected with H. pylori. Samples were collected from the Endoscope Unit for the period from 12/14/2022 to 1/30/2024 at Azadi Teaching Hospital and Al-Watan Al-Ahli Hospital in Kirkuk Governorate, from both sexes for the age group (14-57) years. Stool samples were taken from the same patients those undergoing laparoscopy for the purpose of investigating the presence of Helicobacter pylori. Tissue biopsy samples were taken by the gastroenterologist using laparoscopic forceps, and (88) samples were obtained from these patients, with two tissue biopsies from each patient. The histological results of people infected with Helicobacter pylori bacteria showed many histological changes, including infiltration of inflammatory cells, which was accompanied by multiple tissue necrosis, and damage to some gastric glands as a result of degeneration of glandular epithelial cells with thickening of the basal membrane, in addition to necrosis and damage to most of the gastric glands. Narrowing of the lumen of some glands, sometimes their complete atrophy, metaplasia of the epithelial cells of the gastric glands and the epithelial tissue lining the antral area, and cell shedding occur. It is concluded from the current study that H. pylori has led to many tissue lesions in the stomach of patients, the most important of which is stomach ulceration

Penentuan Profil Ketebalan Sedimen Lintasan Kota Makassar Dengan Mikrotremor

Di kota metropolitan yang jauh dari fokus gempa besar misalnya Kota Makassar, getaran yang paling banyak mempengaruhi kontruksi bangunan adalah gempa mikro yang bersumber dari getaran mesin, angin, tumbuhan dan aktivitas manusia. Sumber getaran di permukaan bumi dapat menyebabkan tanah di sekitarnya beresonansi. Resonansi pada lapisan tanah yang terjadi secara periodik disebut gempa mikro atau mikrotremor. Hasil pengukuran mikrotremor dari arah Kabupaten Gowa ke Kota Makassar menjadi fokus analisis dalam penelitian ini. Studi mikrotremor ini bertujuan mengetahui berapa besar frekuensi resonansi, tingkat kerentanan seismik dan pendugaan ketebalan lapisan sedimen pada lintasan mikroteremor yang dibuat melewati daerah Gowa sampai kota Makassar. Frekuensi resonansi lintasan mikrotremor Gowa-Makassar sangat bervariasi mulai dari 0,647 – 11,698 Hz, dengan frekuensi resonansi rata-rata berada pada 6,29 Hz. Nilai indeks kerentanan seismik lintasan mikrotremor Gowa-Makassar berada pada interval nilai 0,15 – 30. Tingkat kerentanan seismik Gowa-Makassar cenderung semakin besar ke arah topografi yang lebih tinggi. Hasil perhitungan ketebalan sedimen lintasan mikrotremor Gowa-Makassar menggunakan teknik S/R adalah 6 – 66 m

VERTICAL SUBSURFACE FLOW AND FREE SURFACE FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS FOR SUSTAINABLE POWER GENERATION AND REAL WASTEWATER SELECTIVE POLLUTANTS REMOVAL

A vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSFCW) and a free surface flow constructed wetland (FSFCW) were set for the objective of comparison the performance of two systems in order to make a decision of the better one for future installation of wastewater treatment system and power generation. Both of the constructed wetlands were planted with Cyperus Alternifolius. During the observation period (19 days or 456 hours), environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, total chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate (PO4), nitrate (NO3), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), Pb, Cu, and Cd removal efficiencies of the systems were determined. According to the results, final removal efficiencies for the VSSF and FWSF, respectively, were: COD (94.3% and 94.3%), PO4 (84.3% and 75.3%), NO3 (100% and 100%), TSS (96.8% and 85.6%), Pb (65.8% and 81.4%), Cu (more than 94.7% and 89.4%), Cd (85.7% and 88%). The treatment performances of the VSSF were better than that of the FWSF with regard to the removal of suspended solids and nutrients. In FWSF systems, electricity generation performed better than VSSF of 31.4 mV especially with batch system during one wastewater feed is loaded among all of the nineteen days with maximum voltage of 33.7 mV and decreased gradually as oxygen depletion in cathode chamber and less metabolism processes have occurred

Impact of recurrent miscarriage on maternal outcomes in subsequent pregnancy:The Mutaba’ah study

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of recurrent miscarriage (RM) and investigate the association between RM and adverse maternal outcomes in subsequent pregnancies. Participants and Methods: This is an interim analysis of a prospective study of 1737 pregnant women with gravidity of two or more prior to the current pregnancy. These women joined the Mutaba’ah Study between May 2017 and April 2019 and were followed up until they delivered. Hospital medical records were used to extract data on past pregnancy history and the progress and outcomes of the current pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, mode of delivery, preterm delivery, and complications at birth. Results: Amongst pregnant women with at least two previous pregnancies (n=1737), there were 234 (13.5%) women with a history of two or more consecutive miscarriages. Women with RM were slightly older, more parous, and more likely to have had previous infertility treatment (all p-values &lt;0.05). Women with a history of RM had independently significant increased odds of cesarean section (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.81, 95% CI 1.24–2.65) and preterm (&lt;37 weeks, aOR: 2.52, 95% CI 1.56–4.08) or very preterm delivery (&lt;32 weeks, aOR: 7.02 95% CI 2.41–20.46) in subsequent pregnancies than women who did not have a history of RM. Conclusion: Women with a history of RM were twice as likely to undergo cesarean section and seven times more likely to deliver prior to 32 weeks of gestation than women without a history of RM. The study findings support the need for early pregnancy monitoring or assessment units to ensure better follow-up and customized care for at-risk pregnant women with a history of RM.</p

STRATIFIED WATER-OIL-GAS FLOW THROUGH HORIZONTAL PIPES

Stratified three-phase flow through horizontal pipe has been studied experimentally. The fluids used in the system are water, kerosene, and air. A closed loop flow system, which composed of 0.051 m inside diameter and 4 m length test pipe, is designed with facilities for measuring flow rate, pressure drop and thickness of each phase. The effects of gas, liquid flow rates and water liquid ratio (WLR) have been experimentally observed. It was found that liquid (water, and oil) thickness decreased when the gas flow rate is increased with constant liquid flow rate, and increased when the liquid flow rate is increased at constant gas flow rate. Pressure drop increased when the gas and/or liquid flow rate is increased. Three equations have been formulated, using the experimental data of the present work, to predict liquid, water thickness and system pressure drop in stratified three-phase flow in horizontal pipe. High correlation coefficients are obtained for these equations. The experimental results are compared with the results obtained from three-phase model of Taital, Barnea, & Brill (1995). The comparison showed that the predicted data which obtained from three-phase flow model Taital et al. (1995) is in good agreement with experimental data

E-Mobility -- Advancements and Challenges

Mobile platforms cover a broad range of applications from small portable electric devices, drones, and robots to electric transportation, which influence the quality of modern life. The end-to-end energy systems of these platforms are moving toward more electrification. Despite their wide range of power ratings and diverse applications, the electrification of these systems shares several technical requirements. Electrified mobile energy systems have minimal or no access to the power grid, and thus, to achieve long operating time, ultrafast charging or charging during motion as well as advanced battery technologies are needed. Mobile platforms are space-, shape-, and weight-constrained, and therefore, their onboard energy technologies such as the power electronic converters and magnetic components must be compact and lightweight. These systems should also demonstrate improved efficiency and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional designs. This paper discusses some technical challenges that the industry currently faces moving toward more electrification of energy conversion systems in mobile platforms, herein referred to as E-Mobility, and reviews the recent advancements reported in literature