Assessing The Impact Of The Global Financial Crisis On GCC Countries

No doubt, the international financial crisis that started in the United States of America will cast its effects on all countries of the world, developed and developing. Yet these effects vary from one country to another for several reasons. The GCC countries would not escape these negative effects of this severe crisis. The negative effects of the crisis on gulf countries come from many aspects: first, decrease in price of oil on whose revenues the development programs in these countries depend; second, decrease in the value of US$and the subsequent decrease in the assets owned by these countries in US$; third, a case of economic stagnation will prevail in the world with effects starting to appear. It is obvious that this would be reflected on the real sector in the economies causing a series of negative effects through decrease of the world demand for exports of GCC countries of oil, petrochemicals and aluminum.  Lastly, increased inflation rates with decreased interest rates will result in a decrease in real interest with an accompanying decrease in incentives for saving and consequently investment and economic development. The main aim of the research is to assess the economic effects of the global financial crisis on GCC countries. The paper results are that the big reserves of foreign currencies achieved by the GCC countries in the past few years have helped increase their ability to bear the effects of the financial effects on one hand and their ability to adopt expansionary policies through pumping liquidity to absorb the regressive effects of the crisis on the other. The paper recommends the necessity of taking precautionary procedures for the effects which will result from the expansionary policies effective in GCC countries

Estimation Of The Economic Impact Of Brain Drain On The Labor Expelling Country

The emigration of human resources leads to many losses for the labor expelling country. Such losses would, without doubt, adversely affect the economic and social development programs in multiple aspects including state loss of migrants efforts in producing the desired growth whether in the planning and preparation stages or in the implementation stage and the cost opportunity represented in the financial resources spent on the migrants prior to their emigration which could have been utilized in other areas taking into account, the limited financial resources in the underdeveloped countries which are mainly labor expelling countries. Hence, the loss of such countries is doubled. They neither benefited from their labor after years of spending in education and health, nor they saved their funds and exploited in other alternatives like improving education and health services, providing job opportunities for residents, improving the innovation climate or even increasing civil production to improve the living standards of individuals. The study is devoted to analyze and measure of economic effects of labor emigration in the labor expelling economy, through taking Egypt – the largest Arab country suffering from this phenomenon- as an example and using data derived from Egyptian sources. Estimates have emphasized growing losses generated by the Egyptian labor emigration, especially by brain drain. The paper concludes that measures and policies must be adopted to stop this drain by addressing the causes of labor emigration or rather, the existing properties of the labor expelling country. Also, efforts must be made to ensure that data related to immigration is always available, updated and estimated by official bodies having human, financial and technical capabilities for this task

Poly (amido amine) dendrimer based membranes for wastewater treatment - A critical review

Membrane based wastewater treatment technologies in which polymeric membranes are most commonly used have been extensively applied in water/wastewater treatment to help address the issue of water shortage through water/wastewater reclamation and reuse. However, polymeric membranes due to their hydrophobic nature are subject damage caused by accumulation of organic/inorganic fouling during filtration processes, which results in a number of issues such as low water flux and low pollutant rejection. Several strategies have been considered to address these challenges and effectively improve the membrane performances. Alteration of membrane properties strategy using suitable nanofillers such us poly (amido amine) or PAMAM has been largely studied. Herein, research efforts regarding the synthesis and properties of PAMAM along with the synthesis of PAMAM multifunctional nanocomposites were concisely reviewed for the first time. Membrane performance enhancement by incorporation of PAMAM were reviewed and discussed. Results and contributions achieved in the improvement of PAMAM incorporated membranes for the treatment of different types of wastewaters has been reviewed and summarized. Furthermore, perspectives on the current challenges and future research needs in the development and application of PAMAM incorporated polymeric membranes to benefit from the potentials that offer these promising new membrane nanofiller were discussed 2023 The Author(s)This research is made possible by graduate sponsorship research award (GSRA7-1-0510-20046) from Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF). The publication of this article was funded by Qatar National Library. The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors Qatar National Library for funding the Open Access Publication.Scopu

Análisis de la generación eléctrica distribuida en la localidad de Tres Lagos, provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina

Fil: Lorenzetti, D. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Moyano, H. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: León, H. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Fernández, C. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Abdelbaki, A. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Rodríguez, R. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Matemática; Argentina.Fil: Leiva, E.P.M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Matemática y Física; Argentina.Fil: Leiva, E.P.M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba; Argentina.Se presenta en este trabajo el diseño de un sistema de generación de energía eléctrica distribuida (GD) para la localidad de Tres Lagos, ubicada en la provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina. El sistema de GD utiliza en su diseño recursos eólicos, solares y convencional (generador diesel) como fuentes primarias de energía, en una configuración de red eléctrica autónoma.http://www.hyfusen.com/libro.htmlFil: Lorenzetti, D. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Moyano, H. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: León, H. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Fernández, C. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Abdelbaki, A. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Rodríguez, R. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Matemática; Argentina.Fil: Leiva, E.P.M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Matemática y Física; Argentina.Fil: Leiva, E.P.M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba; Argentina.Otras Ingeniería Eléctrica, Ingeniería Electrónica e Ingeniería de la Informació

Análisis de la producción y distribución de hidrógeno en un circuito patagónico

Se presenta en este trabajo un estudio comparativo de la factibilidad técnica y económica de la producción central de hidrógeno mediante fuentes renovables. Dicha comparación se llevó a cabo de manera simulada mediante la utilización de las herramientas de software libre, las cuales funcionan bajo entorno Windows, por una parte y valores reales obtenidos de datos de la Planta Experimental de Hidrógeno de PicoTruncado.http://www.hyfusen.com/libro.htmlFil: MacDonald, E. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Lorenzetti, D. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Moyano, H. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: León, H. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Fernández, C. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Abdelbaki, A. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Laboratorio de Energías Renovables; Argentina.Fil: Rodríguez, R. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Matemática; Argentina.Otras Ingeniería de los Materiale

Adsorption of organic water pollutants by clays and clay minerals composites: A comprehensive review

Clays and clay minerals are inexpensive, non-toxic, and naturally occurring minerals that have been utilized in water remediation as adsorbents. However, clays and clay minerals and those modified with heat, surfactants, acids, or organic-inorganic modifiers exhibit low adsorption capacity and re-generation ability towards organic water pollutants. The development of clays and clay minerals composites has gained considerable attention in recent years due to their enhanced adsorption capacity, ease of recovery from aqueous solution and improved physiochemical properties relative to raw and modified clays and clay minerals. This review aims to assess recent literature on clays and clay minerals composites including bentonite, montmorillonite and kaolinite intercalated with carbonaceous, metals, metal oxides, chitosan and polymeric materials and appraise their adsorption performance towards organic water pollutants. The review examines the effect of the composites' physicochemical properties on the adsorption performance and evaluates the adsorption mechanism as well as regeneration methods. The review also attempts to highlight the current progress in this area by assessing the outcomes of recently published articles and outline the research gaps for future research.This publication was made possible by an Award [GSRA6-2-0516-19029] from Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The contents herein are solely the responsibility of the author[s]. Open access funding is provided by the Qatar National Library.Scopu

Effective Heterogeneous Fenton-Like degradation of Malachite Green Dye Using the Core-Shell Fe3O4@SiO2 Nano-Catalyst

In this study, the application of the core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2 nano-catalysts for fenton-like degradation of malachite green dye has been presented. The nano-catalysts were prepared using a combination of solvothermal and sol-gel techniques and characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM/EDX, TEM and VSM techniques. The effects of various reaction parameters on the degradation of malachite green dye using the prepared nano-catalysts were investigated. The optimal condition for pH, catalyst dosage and H2O2 amount were found to be at 6.7, 15 mg and 50 μL, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, a degradation efficiency of 96.18 % for malachite green dye was achieved using the catalyst within 30 minutes at 303 K with a pseudo first order rate constant of 0.1102 min−1. The plausible mechanism for MG degradation was determined to be the combination of adsorption and simultaneous decomposition via formation of hydroxyl radicals. The performance of the nano-catalyst was compared with other fenton-like catalysts reported in the literature. Finally, the magnetic properties of the Fe3O4@SiO2 catalysts was utilized for its successful recovery and application in multiple degradation cycles.This research was made possible by an NPRP Grant#10-0127-170270 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. The authors would like to acknowledge the help Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM) at Qatar University and Mr. Abdullah Al Ashraf for providing XRD test data. SEM/EDX tests was accomplished in the Central Laboratories unit, Qatar University.Scopu

The type II RAF inhibitor tovorafenib in relapsed/refractory pediatric low-grade glioma: the phase 2 FIREFLY-1 trial

\ua9 2023, The Author(s).BRAF genomic alterations are the most common oncogenic drivers in pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG). Arm 1 (n = 77) of the ongoing phase 2 FIREFLY-1 (PNOC026) trial investigated the efficacy of the oral, selective, central nervous system–penetrant, type II RAF inhibitor tovorafenib (420 mg m−2 once weekly; 600 mg maximum) in patients with BRAF-altered, relapsed/refractory pLGG. Arm 2 (n = 60) is an extension cohort, which provided treatment access for patients with RAF-altered pLGG after arm 1 closure. Based on independent review, according to Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology High-Grade Glioma (RANO-HGG) criteria, the overall response rate (ORR) of 67% met the arm 1 prespecified primary endpoint; median duration of response (DOR) was 16.6 months; and median time to response (TTR) was 3.0 months (secondary endpoints). Other select arm 1 secondary endpoints included ORR, DOR and TTR as assessed by Response Assessment in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Low-Grade Glioma (RAPNO) criteria and safety (assessed in all treated patients and the primary endpoint for arm 2, n = 137). The ORR according to RAPNO criteria (including minor responses) was 51%; median DOR was 13.8 months; and median TTR was 5.3 months. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were hair color changes (76%), elevated creatine phosphokinase (56%) and anemia (49%). Grade ≥3 TRAEs occurred in 42% of patients. Nine (7%) patients had TRAEs leading to discontinuation of tovorafenib. These data indicate that tovorafenib could be an effective therapy for BRAF-altered, relapsed/refractory pLGG. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04775485

Imports and isotopes: a modern baseline study for interpreting Iron Age and Roman trade in fallow deer antlers

The European Fallow deer (Dama dama dama) became extinct in the British Isles and most of continental Europe at the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, with the species becoming restricted to an Anatolian refugium (Masseti et al. 2008). Human-mediated reintroductions resulted in fallow populations in Rhodes, Sicily, Mallorca, Iberia and other parts of western Europe (Sykes et al. 2013). Eventually, the species was brought to Britain by the Romans during the 1st century AD, with a breeding population being established at Fishbourne Roman Palace (Sykes et al. 2011). The human influence on the present-day distribution of the species makes it particularly interesting from a zooarchaeological perspective. This paper describes my MSc research, as part of the AHRC-funded project Dama International: Fallow Deer and European Society 6000 BC–AD 1600, looking at antlers from Iron Age and Roman sites in Britain for evidence of trade in body parts and whether this can be elucidated by a parallel stable isotope study of modern fallow antlers of known provenance