Bell's Palsy as a Possible Complication of Hepatitis B Vaccination in A Child

Bell's Palsy is the sudden onset of unilateral temporary paralysis of facial muscles resulting from seventh cranial nerve dysfunction. Presented here is a two-year old female patient with right peripheral facial palsy following hepatitis B vaccination. Readers’ attention is drawn to an uncommon cause of Bell's Palsy, as a rare complication of hepatitis B vaccination

6 Serbestlik dereceli 6-3, özel yapı 6-3 ve 6-4 paralel mekanizmaların genişletilmiş çalışma uzayı analizi

Parallel mechanisms, which are closed loop mechanisms, consist of a base platform, a moving platform, and at least two links actuated in parallel. The Stewart Platform Mechanism (SPM), which is originally proposed by D. Stewart as a flight simulator in 1965, is the most renowned parallel manipulator. In 1949, the first working parallel mechanism was designed by Gough. For this reason, such a parallel mechanism is sometimes referred to as the Gough-Stewart Platform. Hunt suggested using parallel manipulators in robotic applications due to their advantages. Recent advances in high-precision technology necessitated the replacement of serial mechanisms by parallel working mechanisms in many industrial applications. The advantages of parallel manipulators are high rigidity, precision, accuracy, load carrying capacity, stiffness, ability to be utilized in high speed applications and ease of control are given in literature by many authors. However, the workspace of parallel mechanism is smaller than serial mechanism. In addition to this, a number of studies on parallel mechanisms, often on the 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) and 6 DOF types exist in open literature. 6-3 SPM, studied in this thesis, consists of a fixed base platform and a mobile platform. Six linear actuators are connected to the base at six points via universal joints and to the top platform at three points via spherical joints. Consecutive linear actuators are attached to each other in groups of two so that there are three points of attachment to the top platform. The particular 6-3 SPM?s moving platform is connected to spherical joints via small rods. 6-4 SPM also consists of a base platform and a mobile platform. Six linear actuators are connected to the base at six points via universal joints and to the top platform at four points via spherical joints. These structures are called 6-UPS (Universal-Prismatic-Spherical) mechanisms due to the types of joints in the architecture. Both platforms have 6 DOF, ability to move positional and orientation in 3 directions. To give a model for the workspace analysis of 6-3 SPM, the particular 6-3 SPM and 6-4 Stewart platform mechanisms kinematics are carried out. Workspace analysis of parallel mechanisms is not generalized so far in literature. However, many problems, like small workspace, poor dexterity and difficulty in design are still open for an efficient exploitation of the concept. Most of the studies in the literature examined two dimensional orientation workspace. Some other studies cover only the boundary scanned 3D orientation workspace. In literature, workspace analysis methods are classified into 3 main groups as the discretization method, geometrical method and the Jacobian matrix technique. After carrying out kinematic analysis, discretization method, which is based on Euler angles, is used to represent the orientation workspace of 6-3 SPM, the particular 6-3 SPM and 6-4 SPM. In order to simplify interpretation, the orientation workspace is illustrated in a cylindrical coordinate system. The orientation workspaces of the 6-3 SPM, the particular 6-3 SPM, and the 6-4 SPM are compared. In this study, the method used is fully scanned orientation workspace, which is extended, in the mostly workable direction for 6-3 SPM, the particular 6-3 SPM and 6-4 SPM. Possible gaps, which are omitted in representation of boundary orientation workspace, can be realized in fully scanned orientation workspace. For these types of working mechanisms, i.e. a mechanical tool used material processing the determination of the points, which makes the workspace maximum be outlined. The workspace of the 6-4 mechanism with trapezoidal upper platform is larger than that of the 6-3 mechanisms with triangular upper platform. However, in the case of the 6-4 mechanism, there are greater gaps within the workspace. Even though the workspace of the 6-4 mechanism is greater than that of the 6-3 mechanism, the trapezoid platform cannot reach every point in the vicinity of C, gravity centre, and at the boundaries of the workspace.  A 6-3 SPM should be preferred if it is desired to work close to C and the boundaries of the workspace as in flight simulator case. In addition, a triangular moving platform is structurally more stable than a trapezoidal moving platform. When greater or distributed loads need to be carried by the mechanism, such as in the case of heavy loads lifting, a trapezoidal moving platform should be preferred.  Keywords: Parallel mechanism, workspace analysis, Stewart Platform. Paralel mekanizmalar kapalı çevrim yapılardır. Paralel mekanizmalarda hareketli platform, sabit platforma en az iki noktada birbirinden bağımsız kinematik bağlantı elemanlarıyla bağlıdır. Paralel mekanizmaların avantajları yüksek katılık, hassasiyet, doğruluk, yük taşıma kapasitesi ve yüksek hız uygulamalarında çalışabilme olarak sıralanabilir. Fakat çalışma uzayları seri mekanizmalara göre daha küçüktür. Stewart Platform Mekanizması(SPM), ilk olarak 1965 yılında D. Stewart tarafından uçuş simülatörü olarak önerilen en meşhur paralel manipülatördür. Bu çalışmada iki farklı tip olan 6-3, özel yapı 6-3 SPM ve 6-4 SPM kullanılmıştır. 6-3 SPM’sı sabit ve hareketli platformdan oluşmaktadır. 6 adet lineer eyleyici sabit platforma 6 noktadan üniversal mafsallarla ve üst platforma 3 noktadan küresel mafsallarla bağlanmıştır. Ardışık lineer eyleyiciler ikili grup halinde birbirine bağlanarak üst platforma üç noktadan bağlanmışlardır. Aynı zamanda 6-4 SPM’de sabit ve hareketli platformdan oluşmaktadır. 6 adet lineer eyleyici sabit platforma 6 noktadan üniversal mafsallarla ve üst platforma 4 noktadan küresel mafsallarla bağlanmıştır. Çalışma uzayı analizine örnek olarak, 6-3 SPM, özel yapı 6-3 SPM ve 6-4 SPM’lerin ters kinematik analizleri yapılmıştır. Bu denklemler Matematica ve Matlab programları kullanılarak çözülmüştür. 6-3 SPM, özel yapı 6-3 SPM ve 6-4 SPM’lerin yönelme çalışma uzayı analizleri Euler açıları temeline dayanan ayrıklaştırma metodu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, yorumlama açısından kolay olması için, silindirik koordinatlara dönüştürülerek yönelme çalışma uzayı grafikleri çizdirilmiştir. 6-3 SPM, özel yapı 6-3 SPM ve 6-4 SPM’lerin yönelme çalışma uzayları karşılaştırılmıştır. Aynı zamanda hareketli platformun alanı değiştirilerek 6-3 ve 6-4 SPM’lerin çalışma uzayları karşılaştırılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Paralel mekanizmalar, çalışma uzayı, Stewart Platformu

Inter-numerology interference pre-equalization for 5G mixed-numerology communications

This article proposes a pre-equalization method to remove inter-numerology interference (INI) that occurs in multi-numerology OFDM frame structures of fifth-generation New Radio (5G-NR) and beyond, on the transmitter side. In the literature, guard bands, filters, and interference cancellation methods are used to reduce the INI. In this work, we mathematically model how the INI is generated and show how it can be removed completely for multi-numerology systems by deploying a pre-equalization matrix on the transmitter side. With this pre-equalization method, the need for guard bands and filters is eliminated and spectral efficiency is improved.IEEE; Nokia; Huawei; Samsung; Technology Innovation Institute; Pix Movin

Live Performance Music (Live Coding)

We are in a technological shift to deeply question the structural and formal boundaries of music through all the definitions it entails. Considering the possibilities that the rapidly developing technology provides to the contemporary artists in the field of creativity, the conceptual and functional definition of the musician must be reconsidered with the contribution of the technological developments. Musicians who can adapt themselves to current climate of rapid changing conditions, tend to expose performances that are focused on more audio and visual materials than in the past. In the hands of technology, sound which is formally the basic building block of music, can easily be transformed into various forms while the image brings itself forward to exist with it at every opportunity, and the musician can play a vital role in this change. While the musician's journey of becoming him/herself is traditionally based on focusing academic theories and conceptions, today it is also shaped by the individual contribution of experimentation following the widespread possibilities of technological opportunities. The musician can easily access many musical instruments in the virtual environment while he/she is able to produce various compositions at the same time and can incorporate different production methods such as composing music with algorithm, live music coding, sound synthesis, sound sampling and sound synchronization with image. In an era where variety of contemporary musical forms exist, how should we depict sound and image components as being the main arteries of musical performances? How should we define the role of a musician who is utilizing technological instruments to constitute sound and image focused art pieces in terms of artistic performances? RAW is an Istanbul based live coding duo creating Audio Visual Performances. Performances are composed of improvisational sonic structures accompanied with pre-programmed interactive visual materials. Visuals have been developed with core programming environments and various generative visual manipulations occur with data received from sound to interact with. Furthermore, RAW invites the audience to immerse into the performance visually with using additional top cameras, and code views projected on large displays. Sonically the audial experience moves into the fields of noise, electronic, techno, minimal and ambient genres with improvisational forms

Led Performans: RAW LIVE CODING – Digilogue

RAW yaratıcılığı kendine özgü yöntemlerle ifade etmek için yola çıkmış bir ses ve görüntü grubudur. Kullandıkları ses ve görüntü ham maddelerini eş zamanlı olarak programlayarak (live-coding) canlı performansa dönüştüren ekip Selçuk ARTUT (Replikas) ve Alp TUĞAN’dan oluşmaktadır

3 Boyutlu Baskısı Yapılacak Ankastre Kirişlerin Eşit Miktarda Filament Kullanımı İle Eğilme Mukavemetine Göre Kesit Geometrisi Optimizasyonu

Bu çalışmada, aynı kesit alanı ve uzunluğundaki, eşit miktarlarda filament kullanımı ile 3 boyutlu baskısı yapılacak ankastre kirişlerin eğilme mukavemeti yönünden en iyi mekaniksel özelliği sağlayan kesit geometrilerinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Böylelikle, hızlı modellemede ve plastik parçaların üretiminde sıkça kullanılan filament miktarı, üretim zamanı ve harcanan enerjiden bağımsız olarak, tasarımlar arasında performansa göre bir sıralama yapılmıştır. Ankastre kirişlerin tasarımların uzunluğu ve uygulanan kuvvetler sabit tutulmuş, içi dolu temel kesit geometri biçimleri (çember, dikdörtgen, eşkenar üçgen, paralel kenar, elips ve köşeleri yuvarlatılmış dikdörtgen) değiştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, dört farklı filament malzemesi, eğilme mukavemeti yönünden karşılaştırılmıştır. 6 kesit şekline, 101 kesit alanına ve 4 farklı malzemeye bağlı olarak toplam 2424 adet tasarım alternatifi oluşturulmuştur. Bu tasarım alternatifleri, önce matematiksel olarak modellenmiş, sonra sonlu elemanlar yöntemi (FEM) ve regresyon analizi ile test edilmiştir. Tüm modellerin istatiksel analizleri yapılarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, en düşükten büyüğe doğru gerilmelere ve deformasyonlara uğrayan kesit geometrisi  biçimleri sıralanmıştır

Çoklu zekâ kuramı ve kinestetik zekânın önemi

Education is a concept that day by day develops and open to innovations. With this meaning some new teaching theories come forward as a educaiton’s theoretical base and also its validity proves. One of these theories that comes the first rank is Professor Doctor Howard Gardner’s theory about multiple intelligence.The study  prepared with the help of the information in literature. For the improving the kinestetic intelligence, samples of  studies devoted to the physical education lessons presented in this research. With these apllications students that have the kinestetic intelligence and determined and physiological fundamentals of kinestetic awareness had exposed.Eğitim her geçen gün gelişip değişen ve sürekli yeniliklere açık olan bir kavramdır. Bu anlamda eğitimin kuramsal bazında yeni öğrenme teorileri ortaya atılmakta ve geçerliliği de ispatlanmaktadır. Bu teorilerden birisi olan Prof. Dr. Howard Gardner’in öne sürdüğü çoklu zeka kuramı da bunların başında gelmektedir.  Bu çalışma literatür tarama yöntemiyle hazırlanmış ve çoklu zeka kuramında bahsedilen sekiz zeka türü içinden kinestetik zeka alanının geliştirilmesi için beden eğitimi derslerine yönelik çalışma örnekleri sunulmuştur. Bu tür uygulamalarla kinestetik zekaya sahip öğrencilerin belirlenerek, beden eğitimi derslerinin bu alan gelişimdeki önemi ve kinestetik farkındalık fizyolojik temelleriyle desteklenerek ele alınmıştır

Evaluation of Incidence and Clinical Features of Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis Mimicking Dementia

Background. Anti-neuronal autoimmunity may cause cognitive impairment that meets the criteria for dementia. Objective. Our aim was to detect the incidence and clinical features of autoimmune encephalitis imitating clinical findings of primary dementia disorders and to delineate the validity of anti-neuronal antibody screening in dementia patients. Methods. Fifty consecutive patients fulfilling the clinical criteria for primary dementia, 130 control patients, and 50 healthy controls were included. Their sera were investigated for several ion channel and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies by a cell-based assay, radioimmunoassay, and ELISA, as required. Results. Sixteen patients satisfying dementia criteria had atypical findings or findings suggestive of autoimmune encephalitis. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody was detected in a patient with dementia, Parkinsonism, and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) fulfilling the criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). One control patient with bipolar disease displayed low anti-GAD antibody levels. Conclusions. Our study showed for the first time the presence of parkinsonism and RBD in an anti-NMDAR encephalitis patient mimicking DLB. Although autoimmune encephalitis patients may occasionally present with cognitive decline, most dementia patients do not exhibit anti-neuronal antibodies, suggesting that routine analysis of these antibodies in dementia is not mandatory, even though they display atypical features

International nosocomial infection control consortium (INICC) report, data summary of 36 countries, for 2004-2009

The results of a surveillance study conducted by the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) from January 2004 through December 2009 in 422 intensive care units (ICUs) of 36 countries in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe are reported. During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN; formerly the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system [NNIS]) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infections, we gathered prospective data from 313,008 patients hospitalized in the consortium's ICUs for an aggregate of 2,194,897 ICU bed-days. Despite the fact that the use of devices in the developing countries' ICUs was remarkably similar to that reported in US ICUs in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were significantly higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals; the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection in the INICC ICUs of 6.8 per 1,000 central line-days was more than 3-fold higher than the 2.0 per 1,000 central line-days reported in comparable US ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia also was far higher (15.8 vs 3.3 per 1,000 ventilator-days), as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (6.3 vs. 3.3 per 1,000 catheter-days). Notably, the frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates to imipenem (47.2% vs 23.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (76.3% vs 27.1%), Escherichia coli isolates to ceftazidime (66.7% vs 8.1%), Staphylococcus aureus isolates to methicillin (84.4% vs 56.8%), were also higher in the consortium's ICUs, and the crude unadjusted excess mortalities of device-related infections ranged from 7.3% (for catheter-associated urinary tract infection) to 15.2% (for ventilator-associated pneumonia). Copyright © 2012 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved