127 research outputs found
Impact des rĂ©centes transformations dĂ©mographiques liĂ©es Ă lâurbanisation sur le bassin gĂ©nĂ©tique de la rĂ©gion de LanaudiĂšre
Au QuĂ©bec, comme dans la plus grande partie des populations mondiales, la mobilitĂ© interrĂ©gionale vers les zones urbaines et leur pĂ©riphĂ©rie a gagnĂ© en importance au cours du 20e siĂšcle. Ce travail vise Ă estimer, au moyen dâune approche gĂ©nĂ©alogique, les effets de ces mouvements migratoires sur la variabilitĂ© du pool gĂ©nique de la rĂ©gion de LanaudiĂšre, situĂ©e au nord-est de MontrĂ©al. Pour ce faire, la rĂ©gion de LanaudiĂšre a Ă©tĂ© divisĂ©e en deux sous-rĂ©gions, soit le nord et le sud. Quatre cents ascendances gĂ©nĂ©alogiques dâindividus mariĂ©s dans chacune des sous-rĂ©gions durant deux pĂ©riodes (1945-55 et 1985-95) ont Ă©tĂ© reconstruites Ă lâaide du fichier de population BALSAC. Pour la pĂ©riode 1945-55, les indices gĂ©nĂ©alogiques des deux sous-rĂ©gions sont trĂšs similaires, alors que pour 1985-95, ceux-ci indiquent une plus grande hĂ©tĂ©rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© au sud de la rĂ©gion, ce qui est cohĂ©rent avec le rĂ©cent boom dĂ©mographique enregistrĂ© dans cette partie du territoire. En outre, on a observĂ© une rĂ©duction marquĂ©e des coefficients dâapparentement et de consanguinitĂ© et un changement des trajectoires migratoires interrĂ©gionales au cours de cette pĂ©riode de cinquante ans. Ces Ă©vĂ©nements peuvent ĂȘtre clairement associĂ©s aux migrations rĂ©centes vers les zones urbaines.Interregional mobility towards urban areas and their periphery has become increasingly important throughout the 20th century. The effects of these migratory movements on the variability of the Lanaudiere gene pool were estimated through the use of a genealogical approach. The region of Lanaudiere was divided into two subregions, namely north and south. Four hundred ascending genealogies of individuals married within each subregion during two periods (1945-55 and 1985-95) were reconstructed using the BALSAC database. For the 1945-55 period, genealogical indices of the two subregions are quite similar, while they display much more heterogeneity in the southern part of the region in 1985-95, which is consistent with the recent demographic boom in this area. Overall, a marked reduction of kinship and consanguinity levels in Lanaudiere is observed in this fifty-year period, which can be clearly associated with changing interregional migratory trajectories toward urban areas
CaractĂ©ristiques dĂ©mographiques de sujets atteints de la maladie dâAlzheimer et de leurs familles
Nous avons comparĂ© certaines caractĂ©ristiques dĂ©mographiques des familles de 221 sujets atteints de la maladie dâAlzheimer (MA) recrutĂ©s au Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean et celles de 218 tĂ©moins sĂ©lectionnĂ©s dans la mĂȘme rĂ©gion et ne prĂ©sentant aucune atteinte cognitive. Notre Ă©tude repose sur lâhypothĂšse de lâexistence dâun lien entre la MA et certains aspects de lâhistoire dĂ©mographique des individus atteints. Les donnĂ©es dĂ©mographiques proviennent du fichier de population BALSAC. Lâanalyse du rapport de masculinitĂ© Ă la naissance (RMN) met en lumiĂšre un excĂ©dent de filles dans les fratries des sujets atteints de MA. Ătant donnĂ© quâune incidence plus Ă©levĂ©e de MA chez les femmes a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e Ă de multiples reprises, nous avons postulĂ© quâun facteur familial pouvait opĂ©rer diffĂ©remment selon le sexe et avoir un impact sur le RMN et sur le risque de dĂ©velopper la MA. Nous avons aussi observĂ© que la mortalitĂ© infantile Ă©tait significativement plus faible dans les fratries des individus atteints porteurs de lâallĂšle APOE-Δ4. Ces observations laissent croire Ă la prĂ©sence dâun facteur familial qui aurait un effet sur le risque de MA et sur la mortalitĂ© infantile
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Présentation donnée dans le cadre des conférences midi des BibliothÚques de l'Université de Montréal - Le 25 avril 2019
Origines et contributions génétiques des fondatrices et des fondateurs de la population québécoise
Cette Ă©tude prĂ©sente une analyse des origines gĂ©ographiques et de la contribution gĂ©nĂ©tique des ancĂȘtres fondateurs de la population du QuĂ©bec. Ă lâaide de donnĂ©es tirĂ©es du ficher BALSAC et du Registre de la population du QuĂ©bec ancien, un corpus de 2223 gĂ©nĂ©alogies ascendantes couvrant lâensemble du territoire quĂ©bĂ©cois a Ă©tĂ© construit. Ces gĂ©nĂ©alogies remontent jusquâau 17e siĂšcle et couvrent en moyenne plus de neuf gĂ©nĂ©rations. Tous les liens gĂ©nĂ©alogiques unissant lâensemble des individus identifiĂ©s dans les ascendances ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tablis. Les rĂ©sultats indiquent quâenviron 81 pour cent du pool gĂ©nique quĂ©bĂ©cois sâexplique par des fondatrices et fondateurs venus de France au 17e siĂšcle. Des diffĂ©rences importantes existent toutefois selon le lieu dâorigine en France et selon le sexe des fondateurs. Les rĂ©sultats ont aussi mis en Ă©vidence la prĂ©sence de nombreux liens dâapparentement Ă©loignĂ© dans cette population.This study analyzes the geographic origins and genetic contributions of the founding ancestors of the QuĂ©bec population. The authors used data from the BALSAC population register and the Early Quebec population register to build a corpus of 2,223 ascending genealogies covering the entire territory of QuĂ©bec. These genealogies go back to the 17th century and on average include more than 9 generations. Genealogical links between all individuals identified in the genealogies were established. Results show that approximately 81% of QuĂ©becâs gene pool derives from the founders who came from France in the 17th century. There are however important differences in foundersâ genetic contribution according to gender and place of origin in France. Genealogical analyses also reveal the existence of many distant kinship ties within this population
La contribution des Acadiens au peuplement des régions du Québec
Les Acadiens sont des descendants dâimmigrants français qui se sont Ă©tablis principalement au xviie siĂšcle en Nouvelle-Ăcosse et au Nouveau-Brunswick. En 1755, les autoritĂ©s britanniques ont ordonnĂ© la dĂ©portation des Acadiens qui ont Ă©tĂ© dispersĂ©s dans les colonies anglaises dâAmĂ©rique, en France et en Angleterre. On estime que de 2 000 Ă 4 000 Acadiens se sont Ă©tablis au QuĂ©bec. Lâobjectif de cette Ă©tude est de mesurer et de caractĂ©riser lâimpact de lâapport migratoire acadien sur le pool gĂ©nique quĂ©bĂ©cois contemporain. Les donnĂ©es utilisĂ©es proviennent dâun corpus gĂ©nĂ©alogique comprenant 2 340 ascendances. Les lieux dâorigine des ancĂȘtres, la frĂ©quence de leurs mentions dans les gĂ©nĂ©alogies ainsi que leur contribution gĂ©nĂ©tique aux diffĂ©rentes populations rĂ©gionales du QuĂ©bec ont Ă©tĂ© analysĂ©s. Les rĂ©sultats rĂ©vĂšlent que de 46 % Ă 100 % des ascendances, selon la rĂ©gion, comprennent au moins un ancĂȘtre dâorigine acadienne. La contribution des fondateurs acadiens est particuliĂšrement Ă©levĂ©e aux Ăles-de-la-Madeleine, oĂč 86 % du pool gĂ©nique leur est attribuable. Les populations de la GaspĂ©sie (27 %) et de la CĂŽte-Nord (14 %), affichent aussi une importante contribution acadienne.The Acadians are descendants of French immigrants who settled mainly in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick during the xviith century. In 1755, the British authorities ordered the deportation of Acadians who were then dispersed in France, England and the English colonies of America. It is estimated that between 2 000 and 4 000 Acadians settled in Quebec. The purpose of this study was to measure and characterize the impact of Acadian migration on the contemporary Quebec gene pool. Data was obtained from a genealogical corpus consisting of 2 340 ascendances. Place of origin of founding ancestors, frequency of their mention in the genealogies and their genetic contribution to the various regional populations of Quebec were analysed. Results show that, depending on the region, 46 % to 100 % of ascendances contain at least one Acadian ancestor. The contribution of Acadian founders is particularly high in the Ăles-de-la-Madeleine region, where 86 % of the gene pool is explained by Acadians. GaspĂ©sie (27 %) and CĂŽte-Nord (14 %) populations also display an important Acadian contribution
Variations familiales du rapport de masculinité à la naissance dans la population du Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean (Québec, Canada), 1850-1971
Ăvolution dĂ©mographique du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean : tendances rĂ©centes, situation actuelle et perspectives dâavenir
Once Were Farmers: Occupation, Social Mobility, and Mortality during Industrialization in Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Quebec 1840-1971
We study menâs adult mortality and longevity by socio-occupational status during industrialization in Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Quebec. Data were extracted from the BALSAC database (UniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec Ă Chicoutimi), which comprehensively traces the demographic history of the region since the beginning of the French Canadian settlement in 1840 up to the early 1970s. Using five occupational classes and controlling for year, age at marriage, urbanrural residence, and literacy, we found no evidence for the emergence of socioeconomic differentials in mortality. At least until the early 1970âs, mortality in the region appears to be driven by âoccupational riskâ rather than âfundamental social causesâ
An Overview of the BALSAC Population Database. Past Developments, Current State and Future Prospects
The BALSAC database, developed since 1971, contains data on the Quebec population from the beginnings of European settlement in the 17th century to the contemporary period. Today, BALSAC is a major research infrastructure used by researchers from Quebec and elsewhere, both in the social sciences and in the biomedical sciences. This paper presents the evolution and current state of the database and offers a perspective on forthcoming developments. BALSAC contains marriage certificates until 1965. Coverage is complete for Catholic records (80 to 100% of the population depending on the region and the period) and partial for the other denominations. Birth and death certificates from all Catholic parishes have been integrated for the period 1800â1849 and work in underway for 1850â1916. All the records entered in BALSAC are subject to a linkage process which, ultimately, allows the automatic reconstitution of genealogical links and family relationships. The basic principle has remained the same since the beginning, namely to match individuals based on the nominative information contained in the sources. The changes made in recent years and the resulting gains are mostly related to IT advances which now offer more flexibility and increased performance. Future perspectives rest on the diversification of the sources of population data entered or connected to the database and, as a corollary, by continuous optimization of data processing and linkage procedures. In the era of 'big data', BALSAC is gradually moving from a historical population database to a multifaceted infrastructure for interdisciplinary research on the Quebec population
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