Tüdőtranszplantáció magyar betegek számára

When conservative treatment fails, lung transplantation often remains the only therapeutic option for patients with end stage parenchymal or vascular lung diseases. According to the statistics of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation, in 2010 more than 3500 lung transplantations have been performed worldwide. The Department of Thoracic Surgery at the University of Vienna is considered to be one of the world's leading lung transplantation centres; in the last year 115, since 1989 more than 1500 lung transplantation procedures under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Walter Klepetko. Similar to other Central-European countries, lung transplantation procedures of Hungarian patients have also been performed in Vienna whithin the framework of a twinning aggreement. However, many crucial tasks in the process, such indication and patient selection preoperative rehabilitation organ procurement and long term follow-up care have been stepwise taken over by the Hungarian team. Although the surgery itself is still preformed in Vienna, professional experience is already available in Hungary, since the majority of Hungarian recipients have been transplanted by hungarian surgeons who are authors of this article the professional and personal requirements of performing lung transplantations are already available in Hungary. The demand of performing lung transplantation in Hungary has been raising since 1999 and it soon reaches the extent which justifies launching of an individual national program. Providing the technical requirements is a financial an organisational issue. In order to proceed, a health policy decision has to be made

A Dual-Lumen Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation Technique Using a Mobile X-Ray Device

PURPOSE Dual-lumen extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation is considered technically challenging and harbors the risk of potential life-threatening complications during cannulation. Dual-lumen cannula insertion is performed under either ultrasound or fluoroscopy guidance. Both techniques have significant disadvantages, such as examiner dependence or the necessity for transportation of the patient from the intensive care unit to the operating room. DESCRIPTION Digital, mobile x-ray devices provide a novel, examiner-independent imaging modality for bedside dual-lumen ECMO cannulation. EVALUATION From November 2019 to November 2021, 23 dual-lumen cannulations were performed in 20 patients at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna. Twelve of 23 (52.2%) were inserted in the intensive care unit using a mobile x-ray device. The remaining patients (47.8%) were cannulated in the operating room with conventional fluoroscopy guidance. In none of the procedures did cardiovascular injuries occur. Insertion site bleeding was the most common ECMO-related complication (n = 2). CONCLUSIONS Dual-lumen cannulation using sequential x-rays can be performed safely. Especially for infectious patients or patients who require an awake ECMO, this technique overcomes disadvantages of established imaging modalities

A dual-lumen extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation technique using a mobile x-ray device

PURPOSE Dual-lumen extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation is considered technically challenging and harbors the risk of potential life-threatening complications during cannulation. Dual-lumen cannula insertion is performed under either ultrasound or fluoroscopy guidance. Both techniques have significant disadvantages, such as examiner dependence or the necessity for transportation of the patient from the intensive care unit to the operating room. DESCRIPTION Digital, mobile x-ray devices provide a novel, examiner-independent imaging modality for bedside dual-lumen ECMO cannulation. EVALUATION From November 2019 to November 2021, 23 dual-lumen cannulations were performed in 20 patients at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna. Twelve of 23 (52.2%) were inserted in the intensive care unit using a mobile x-ray device. The remaining patients (47.8%) were cannulated in the operating room with conventional fluoroscopy guidance. In none of the procedures did cardiovascular injuries occur. Insertion site bleeding was the most common ECMO-related complication (n = 2). CONCLUSIONS Dual-lumen cannulation using sequential x-rays can be performed safely. Especially for infectious patients or patients who require an awake ECMO, this technique overcomes disadvantages of established imaging modalities

Circulating endothelial cells, bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells and proangiogenic haematopoietic cells in cancer: From biology to therapy

Vascularization, a hallmark of tumorigenesis, is classically thought to occur exclusively through angiogenesis (i.e. endothelial sprouting). However, there is a growing body of evidence that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and proangiogenic hematopoietic cells (HCs) are able to support the vascularization of tumors and may therefore play a synergistic role with angiogenesis. An additional cell type being studied in the field of tumor vascularization is the circulating endothelial cell (CEC), whose presence in elevated numbers reflects vascular injury. Levels of EPCs and CECs are reported to correlate with tumor stage and have been evaluated as biomarkers of the efficacy of anticancer/antiangiogenic treatments. Furthermore, because EPCs and subtypes of proangiogenic HCs are actively participating in capillary growth, these cells are attractive potential vehicles for delivering therapeutic molecules. The current paper provides an update on the biology of CECs, EPCs and proangiogenic HCs, and explores the utility of these cell populations for clinical oncology

Automatic construction of rule-based ICD-9-CM coding systems

Background: In this paper we focus on the problem of automatically constructing ICD-9-CM coding systems for radiology reports. ICD-9-CM codes are used for billing purposes by health institutes and are assigned to clinical records manually following clinical treatment. Since this labeling task requires expert knowledge in the field of medicine, the process itself is costly and is prone to errors as human annotators have to consider thousands of possible codes when assigning the right ICD-9-CM labels to a document. In this study we use the datasets made available for training and testing automated ICD-9-CM coding systems by the organisers of an International Challenge on Classifying Clinical Free Text Using Natural Language Processing in spring 2007. The challenge itself was dominated by entirely or partly rule-based systems that solve the coding task using a set of hand crafted expert rules. Since the feasibility of the construction of such systems for thousands of ICD codes is indeed questionable, we decided to examine the problem of automatically constructing similar rule sets that turned out to achieve a remarkable accuracy in the shared task challenge. Results: Our results are very promising in the sense that we managed to achieve comparable results with purely hand-crafted ICD-9-CM classifiers. Our best model got a 90.26 % F measure on the training dataset and an 88.93 % F measure on the challenge test dataset, using the micro-averaged Fβ=1 measure, the official evaluatio

Synthesis of novel Pt complexes with α-glyoximes, schiff bases and their physical-chemical and biological study

Platinum-complexes permanently play an important role in the medical treatment of tumor cells. Since Pt has a soft-type Lewis acidic character, it forms the most stable complexes with S, P, N and I donor atoms, resulting planar (cisplatine) or octahedral (satraplatine) arrangement of ligands. In our research, new platinum complexes were synthesized with α-glyoximes, such as [Pt(diethyl-glyoxH)2(amine)2], where glyoxH = mono deprotonated glyoxime, amine = imidazole, 2-amino-pyrimidine or 3-hydroxy-aniline, and with Schiff bases, such as [Pt(3-heptanone)2(en)], [Pt(3-heptanone)2(1,2-pn)], [Pt(3-heptanone)2(1,3-pn)] (en = ethylenediamine, pn = propylenediamine). The Schiff bases were obtained with the condensation reaction between 3-heptanone and the corresponding diamines. The molecular structure of our products has been investigated by IR, UV–VIS and NMR spectroscopy, MS, thermoanalytical measurements (TG-DTG-DTA), and powder XRD. The biological activity study of compounds revealed their possible application in medical point of view since some of them proved to act as antibacterial agents and potential anticancer drugs. On the other hand, some members of the family of complexes can play catalytic role in organic chemistry transformations

Ki67 index is an independent prognostic factor in epithelioid but not in non-epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma: a multicenter study

BACKGROUND: Estimating the prognosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains challenging. Thus, the prognostic relevance of Ki67 was studied in MPM. METHODS: Ki67 index was determined in a test cohort of 187 cases from three centres. The percentage of Ki67-positive tumour cells was correlated with clinical variables and overall survival (OS). The prognostic power of Ki67 index was compared with other prognostic factors and re-evaluated in an independent cohort (n=98). RESULTS: Patients with Ki67 higher than median (>15%) had significantly (P<0.001) shorter median OS (7.5 months) than those with low Ki67 (19.1 months). After multivariate survival analyses, Ki67 proved to be-beside histology and treatment-an independent prognostic marker in MPM (hazard ratio (HR): 2.1, P<0.001). Interestingly, Ki67 was prognostic exclusively in epithelioid (P<0.001) but not in non-epithelioid subtype. Furthermore, Ki67 index was significantly lower in post-chemotherapy samples when compared with chemo-naive cases. The prognostic power was comparable to other recently published prognostic factors (CRP, fibrinogen, neutrophil-to-leukocyte ratio (NLR) and nuclear grading score) and was recapitulated in the validation cohort (P=0.048). CONCLUSION: This multicentre study demonstrates that Ki67 is an independent and reproducible prognostic factor in epithelioid but not in non-epithelioid MPM and suggests that induction chemotherapy decreases the proliferative capacity of MPM

Designed Azolopyridinium Salts Block Protective Antigen Pores In Vitro and Protect Cells from Anthrax Toxin

Background:Several intracellular acting bacterial protein toxins of the AB-type, which are known to enter cells by endocytosis, are shown to produce channels. This holds true for protective antigen (PA), the binding component of the tripartite anthrax-toxin of Bacillus anthracis. Evidence has been presented that translocation of the enzymatic components of anthrax-toxin across the endosomal membrane of target cells and channel formation by the heptameric/octameric PA63 binding/translocation component are related phenomena. Chloroquine and some 4-aminoquinolones, known as potent drugs against Plasmodium falciparium infection of humans, block efficiently the PA63-channel in a dose dependent way.Methodology/Principal Findings:Here we demonstrate that related positively charged heterocyclic azolopyridinium salts block the PA63-channel in the μM range, when both, inhibitor and PA63 are added to the same side of the membrane, the cis-side, which corresponds to the lumen of acidified endosomal vesicles of target cells. Noise-analysis allowed the study of the kinetics of the plug formation by the heterocycles. In vivo experiments using J774A.1 macrophages demonstrated that the inhibitors of PA63-channel function also efficiently block intoxication of the cells by the combination lethal factor and PA63 in the same concentration range as they block the channels in vitro.Conclusions/Significance:These results strongly argue in favor of a transport of lethal factor through the PA63-channel and suggest that the heterocycles used in this study could represent attractive candidates for development of novel therapeutic strategies against anthrax. © 2013 Beitzinger et al

Nem tapintható tüdőgócok drót- és izotópjelölés segítségével történő minimálinvazív műtéti eltávolítása = Minimally invasive resection of nonpalpable pulmonary nodules after wire- and isotope-guided localization

Absztrakt: Bevezetés: Napjainkban egyre kisebb méretű tüdőgócok kerülnek felismerésre, melyek esetén az elsődleges választás azok minimálinvazív műtéti technikával történő eltávolítása diagnosztikus és terápiás céllal. Számos előnye mellett a minimálinvazív technika hátránya a tüdő áttapintásának korlátozottsága, a tüdőgócok felkeresése. Célkitűzés: A probléma megoldására több lehetőség is rendelkezésre áll. Ezek közül kettőt próbáltunk ki párhuzamosan, a drót-, illetve az izotópjelöléssel történő tüdőgóc-lokalizációt. Anyag és módszer: Az Országos Onkológiai Intézet Mellkassebészeti Osztályán öt betegnél távolítottunk el tüdőgócot minimálinvazív technikával kettős, azaz drót- és izotópjelölés mellett. A tüdőgócok mérete 0,5 és 1,2 cm között váltakozott. A betegek életkora 44 és 65 év között volt; minden beteg alacsony műtéti rizikójú csoportba tartozott, súlyos társbetegség nélkül. Eredmények: Minden betegnél sikeresen eltávolításra került a tüdőgóc a kettős jelölés mellett. Jelölés után közvetlenül egy betegnél 2–3 mm-es légmellet észleltünk, mely azonnali beavatkozásra nem szorult, és egy betegnél a drót miatt kiterjedt bevérzés jelent meg a szúrcsatornában. A műtét során, a tüdőkollapszusnál két betegnél a drót kimozdult, egynél pedig az említett kiterjedt bevérzés a mellüregbe került, és diffúz izotópaktivitás jelent meg. Egy betegnél a műtét során drótjelöléses területet reszekálva további izotópaktivitás állt fenn, mert a jelölt tüdőgóc a reszekciós sík alatt volt. Következtetés: Mind az izotóppal, mind a dróttal történő tüdőgócjelölés segítséget nyújt a nem tapintható tüdőgócok minimálinvazív technikával történő eltávolításában. Kezdeti tapasztalataink alapján azonban az izotópos jelölés esetén a tüdőgóc mélységi megítélése pontosabb, és nem kell a drótkimozdulással járó kellemetlenségre számítani. Ugyanakkor az infrastrukturális háttér, illetve a műtéti időpont tervezése az izotópbeadás esetében nagyobb kihívást jelent, szemben a drótjelöléssel. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(34): 1399–1404. | Abstract: Introduction: Nowadays ever smaller, sub-centimetre lung nodules are screened and diagnosed. For these, minimally invasive resection is strongly recommended both with diagnostic and therapeutic purpose. Aim: Despite many advantages of minimally invasive thoracic surgery, thorough palpation of the lung lobes and thus the localization of lung nodules are still limited. There are several options to solve this problem. From the possibilities we have chosen and tried wire- and isotope-guided lung nodule localization. Materials and methods: In 2017, at the Thoracic Surgery Department of the National Institute of Oncology we performed wire- and isotope-guided minimally invasive pulmonary nodule resection in five patients. The diameter of the lung nodules was between 0.5 and 1.2 cm. The age of the patients was between 44 and 65 years and none of them had severe comorbidities, which meant low risk for complications. Results: We successfully performed the minimally invasive atypical resection in all cases. After the wire and isotope placement we found a 2–3 mm pneumothorax in one patient that did not need urgent drainage. In another patient we found that high amount of intraparenchymal bleeding surrounded the channel of the wire. During the operation, two wires were displaced when the lung collapsed, and in another case the mentioned bleeding got into the thoracic cavity and made it difficult to detect the nodule. In one case we resected the wire-guided lung tissue, but the isotope-guided lung nodule was below the resection line. Conclusion: Both techniques could help to localize the non-palpable lung nodules. Based on our initial experiences, the isotope-guided method provides more details to estimate the exact depth of the nodule from the visceral surface of the pleura and we can avoid the unpleasantness of wire displacement. On the other hand, the production of the isotope requires a more developed infrastructure and the exact timing of the operation after the isotope injection is more strict. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(34): 1399–1404