A STUDY OF QUALITY IN THE PROCESS OF SOFTWARE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO MAINTAINABILITY AND REUSABILITY

Our research indicates the modality by which algorithm modifications imply intervention in modules where expressions are evaluated or selections of elements are performed, the conclusion being the fact that in order to design robust software, a clear definition of the modules is necessary. Thus, the weak module which can be easily modified must be defined and placed so as not to affect other modules through modifications applied to them. The reusability issue is even more important as the main software producing companies have developed class libraries which reduce programming efforts. It is thus possible to start the realisation of software with personnel no larger than 15 people, but with high qualification and logistical resources. The problem of reusability occurs especially in the interference area. In designing interfaces, graphic elements are dominant, as well as those of information search-find. All this implies the definition of text placement and designing parts of the text which determine actions or operation selection. The problem of reusability occurs when in new software products conversions, compressions, sorting and optimisations as operations with extremely low proportion in the computing volume must be introduced, but which represent significant consume from the point of view of the programming effort.endogenous growth, horizontal differentiation, technological change, imperfect competition, human capital

Research Progress of Improving MDD by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Affecting Intestinal Microbiota-Gut- Brain Axis

It has been improved that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can alleviate gastrointestinal disorders such as Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Moreover, some studies have also concluded that FMT is available in alleviating Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), also known as depression widely, by regulating microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), hence, this paper summarized the relationship between MGBA and MDD and mechanisms of MDD which is related with MGBA. And this review retrospected the animal experiments and clinical studies on the treatment of depression with FMT in recent years and discussed the future development of FMT, in order to assess whether FMT is potential and credible in the treatment of depression

Chromatic confocal setup for displacement measurement using a supercontinuum light source

Chromatic confocal microscopy is a technique to measure distances by analyzing the spectrum of the light reflected by a sample. The key element of the confocal setup is a dispersive lens, which focuses different wavelengths at different distances from the lens. In this paper,a novel setup realized with a supercontinuum light source and a spatial filter composed by reflective elements is described.The supercontinuum source is implemented by injecting high power pulses from a microchip laser into a Ge-doped microstructured optical fiber. The usage of metallic parabolic mirrors, for the focusing and collimation required in the spatial filter, lets the dispersive lens be the only dispersive element of the confocal setup and improves the efficiency of the spatial filter itself. A silicon-based spectrometer is used for the acquisition of the spectra, which are normalized and Gaussian-fitted before extracting the displacement information. A complete calibration is performed, and the set of wavelengths from 500 nm to 900 nm can be mapped into a280 um measuring range. The obtained relativ eaccuracy of 0.36% shows an enhancement of almost one order of magnitude when compared to other supercontinuum-based confocal systems

Role of Triple Test in Evaluating Breast Lumps

Breast tissue undergoes constant physiological changes in a woman’s life because of influence of endocrine hormones during and after reproductive life. These changes may present as pain, lumpiness or both in the breast. Breast lumps are feared for cancer. Thus, it is important for women with a breast lump to receive appropriate evaluation. Clinical breast examination is first step in evaluation of breast lump. The diagnostic sensitivity of clinical breast examination is high (98%) whereas its specificity is low, averaging 48%. Ultrasound is preferred in evaluation of radiologically dense breasts and in the study of breasts with augmentation mammoplasties. Micro-calcifications on mammography are considered to be important signs of breast cancer. X-ray mammography detects microcalcifications in 30–50% of breast cancers. FNAC is a cheap, cost effective and readily available routine diagnostic with a sensitivity ranging between 89% to 98% and specificity between 98% to 100% for palpable breast lumps. When combined together triple test achieves a higher sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy than any of the investigations taken alone. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate breast masses by clinical assessment, imaging and pathological examination. Results were compared with histopathology. We concluded that triple assessment in breast lumps gives superior results than any of its modalities taken alone

Shear-wave elastography for breast masses: local shear wave speed (m/sec) versus Young modulus (kPa)

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the performance of shear-wave elastography (SWE) for breast masses using the local shear wave speed (m/sec) vs. Young modulus (kPa). METHODS: A total of 130 breast lesions in 123 women who underwent SWE before ultrasound- guided core needle biopsy or surgical excision were included. With the region-of-interest placed over the stiffest areas of the lesion on SWE, the quantitative mean, maximum, and standard deviation (SD) of the elasticity values were measured in kPa and m/sec for each lesion. The SD was also measured with the region-of-interest including the whole breast lesion (wSD). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of each elasticity value measured in kPa and m/sec were compared. RESULTS: Of the 130 lesions, 49 (37.7%) were malignant and 81 (62.3%) were benign. The AUCs for the mean, maximum, and SD of the elasticity values using kPa and m/sec did not differ significantly: mean, 0.974 vs. 0.974; maximum, 0.960 vs. 0.976; SD, 0.916 vs. 0.916. However, the AUC for wSD showed a significant difference: 0.964 (kPa) vs. 0.960 (m/sec) (P=0.036). There was no significant difference in the sensitivity and specificity of the mean, maximum, and wSD of the elasticity values. However, the specificity of the SD was significantly different between the two different measurements: 95.1% (kPa) vs. 87.7% (m/sec) (P=0.031). CONCLUSION: The quantitative elasticity values measured in kPa and m/sec on SWE showed good diagnostic performance. The specificity of the SD and AUC of the wSD measured in kPa were significantly higher than those measured in m/sec.ope