Good governance in strategic planning of local development in rural and urban-rural gminas of the eastern peripheral voivodeships of Poland

The work aimed to determine the scope of the good governance approach in the local development planning of local governments of rural and urban- rural gminas in the eastern peripheral voivodeships of Poland (Lubelskie, Podlaskie and Świętokrzyskie Voivodeships) and how the implementation of good governance principles in the process of elaborating and implementing local development strategies correlates with assessments of the strategy’s suitability as a development management tool. The research used methods of analysis and criticism of the literature, statistical analysis and a survey method using an interview questionnaire addressed to local government authorities. According to our research, especially at the stage of developing the strategy, actions were taken regarding local-community and local-authority participation and active communication between the two, but a lower level of community participation was found at the implementation stage. There was a statistically significant relationship between adopting the principle of participation and accountability in preparing and implementing the strategy and how suitable the strategy was assessed to be as a tool for development management. It seems reasonable to apply the principles of good governance more widely in planning local development, not only while developing the strategy, but also in its implementation

Review of the report entitled: The Impact of The European Green Deal on Polish Agriculture, Gradziuk, P.; Matyka, M.; Poczta, W.; Czerniak, A.; Czubak, W.; Jończyk, K.; Kopiński, J.; Kozyra, J.; Pawlak, K.; Sadowski, A.; Siebielec, G.; Stalenga, J.; Wawer, R.; Zawalińska, K.; Berbeć, A.; Krupin, V.; Madej, A.; Skowron, P.; Jendrzejewski, B.; Komisarek, D.; Łopatka, A.; Wojciechowska, A.; Klepacki, B.; Wrzaszcz, W.; Gradziuk, K.; Trocewicz, A. Reports Of Polityka Insight 2021. Polityka Insight Sp. Z O.O. Warsaw. Doi: 10.13140/Rg.2.2.35624.49922/1, 233 Pp.

REVIEW OF THE REPORT ENTITLED: THE IMPACT OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN DEAL ON POLISH AGRICULTURE, GRADZIUK, P.; MATYKA, M.; POCZTA, W.; CZERNIAK, A.; CZUBAK, W.; JOŃCZYK, K.; KOPIŃSKI, J.; KOZYRA, J.; PAWLAK, K.; SADOWSKI, A.; SIEBIELEC, G.; STALENGA, J.; WAWER, R.; ZAWALIŃSKA, K.; BERBEĆ, A.; KRUPIN, V.; MADEJ, A.; SKOWRON, P.; JENDRZEJEWSKI, B.; KOMISAREK, D.; ŁOPATKA, A.; WOJCIECHOWSKA, A.; KLEPACKI, B.; WRZASZCZ, W.; GRADZIUK, K.; TROCEWICZ, A. REPORTS OF POLITYKA INSIGHT 2021. POLITYKA INSIGHT SP. Z O.O. WARSAW. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.35624.49922/1, 233 P

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN PERIPHERAL RURAL AREAS - CONCEPTIONS AND CHALLENGES

The aim of the article is to systematize the achievements in the theoretical foundations of selecteddevelopment concepts in relation to the development of territorial units located in rural peripheral areas andconcepts useful in the diagnosis and management of local development. The work reviews the concept of socio-economic development: sustainable, multifunctional, neo-endogenous, intelligent and inclusive, and the conceptof path dependency, resilience and territorial approach as a concept referring to diagnosis and developmentmanagement. Sustainable development was considered a superior concept, which results from the axiologicalpotential – the concept of development adopting an over-centric value system as an axiological foundation. Atthe same time, it was recognized that the local system (with economic periphery features) lacking sufficient ownpotential requires intervention by public authorities, which, through the implementation of specific policies,should stimulate the stimulation of endogenous potential. On the other hand, the operationalization of the smartvillages concept makes it possible to identify rural growth poles, in relation to which the support should beaimed at increasing their supralocal influence

Ecological marketing in the development of environmentally valuable areas in Lublin voivodeship – assessment of the activity of local self-government authorities

Celem pracy jest określenie roli i aktywności samorządów gminnych w kreowaniu rozwoju obszarów przyrodniczo cennych województwa lubelskiego w aspekcie stosowania narzędzi marketingu ekologicznego. Realizacji celu służyła analiza literatury przedmiotu, dokumentów oraz analiza wyników badań przeprowadzonych w 2013 roku w 30 gminach z grupy o najwyższym poziomie cenności ekologicznej w województwie lubelskim. W ramach badań terenowych zrealizowano wywiady z wójtami/burmistrzami oraz pracownikami urzędów gmin ds. ochrony środowiska. Wykazano, że aktywność marketingowa dotyczy głównie działań w zakresie promocji ekologicznej. Aktywność marketingowa samorządów wymaga zwiększenia. Mimo ogólnie niskiego poziomu aktywności marketingowej wskazano przykłady dobrych praktyk w tym obszarze. Opracowanie przygotowano w ramach projektu badawczego 2011/01/D/HS4/03927 pt. „Ekologiczne uwarunkowania i czynniki rozwoju funkcji gospodarczych na obszarach przyrodniczo cennych województwa lubelskiego” finansowanego ze środków Narodowego Centrum Nauki.The aim of the study is to determine the role and activities of local governments in creation of the sustainable development on environmentally valuable areas of the Lublin voivodeship in terms of the use of environmental marketing tools. The aim was to be achieved with literature and documents analysis, and empirical studies. The survey area consisted of 30 municipalities from the group with the highest environmental value in the Lublin voivodeship. A diagnostic survey, using an interview questionnaire addressed to the heads of municipalities and municipal employees for environmental protection, was used. It has been shown that the marketing activity consists mainly in the field of promotion. Marketing activity undertaken by local governments requires intensification. Despite the generally low level of marketing activity identified examples of good practice in this area. The article was prepared within the research project 2011/01/D/HS4/03927 entitled: “Ecological conditions and factors of development of economic functions in natural valuable areas of the Lubelskie voivodship” funded by the National Science Centre

ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIO-ECONOMY IN THE NATURAL VALUABLE AREAS OF THE LUBLIN VOIVODSHIP

The aim of the study was to determine the environmental awareness of local authorities as a factor in the development of bio-economy in the natural valuable areas and the analysis of selected aspects of environmental awareness of the councilors of the Lublin voivodeship. An analysis was performed of the existing research on the environmental awareness of the inhabitants of the Lublin voivodship and the study of the environmental awareness of councilors conducted in 2013, being part of the project entitled: „Environmental conditions and factors of economic functions’ development in the areas of natural value of the Lublin voivodeship. „Analyses were performed for the following municipalities: Urszulin, Zwierzyniec, Wilków, Susiec, Sosnowica, where, in the late 90s studies were carried out of the ecological awareness of inhabitants of the natural valuable areas of the Lublin voivodship and five units of comparison – Biała Podlaska, Radzyń Podlaski, Komarówka Podlaska, Tyszowce, Wohyń. In the „green” municipalities, 70 councillors were studied - 95% of the total, and in the control ones 75 - 100% of the total. Councillors from the environmentally valuable municipalities showed their positive attitude to nature, but often had insufficient expertise on the resources, protection and sustainable use in the management processes. The condition for the development of bio-economy in the Lublin voivodship was to develop ecological awareness of local authorities

LOCAL ACTION GROUPS (LAGS) IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERIPHERAL REGIONS OF EASTERN POLAND

The purpose of the work is to characterize the impact of LAGs on the socio-economic development processes of peripheral regions of Eastern Poland. The subject of the study were LAGs established and operating in 5 voivodships from the Eastern Poland Macroregion. The method of literature analysis, diagnostic survey and statistical analysis were used in the work. Based on random selection, the survey was conducted in 2019 with the use of direct interviews directed to 390 members from 26 LAGs (27.7% of 94 operating in voivodships of the Eastern Poland Macroregion). The results of the research on the impact of LAGs operating in peripheral regions on development processes for the period 2014-2020 coincide with results regarding the impact of LAGs on development in an earlier period of their operation. The positive effects of these organizations are generally recognized by the LAGs community. In the context of the evaluation of LAGs functioning in the period 2014-2020, it is important to state the extension of the range of perceived effects, including economic development. Local communities gathered in LAGs recognize the need for these organizations to function and their complementary nature with other institutions operating in rural areas

COMMUNE SELF-GOVERNMENT IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTALLY VALUABLE AREAS

Subject and purpose of work: The purpose of the study was to identify the role of commune selfgovernment in sustainable development of environmentally valuable areas in the Lublin Province. Materials and methods: The study was based on the review of the literature in the area and the author’s reflections based on her studies on the functioning of commune self-governments located in environmentally valuable areas which she carried out in 2013 in 30 communes. Results : The realisation of sustainable commune development is possible due to the policy of sustainable development. One of the integral elements of this policy is environmental policy, apart from economic and social policies. Commune self-governments that have been examined in the Lublin Province with reference to their realisation of policy of sustainable development concentrated mainly on environmental policy. They did not support pro-ecological companies sufficiently enough, which was not conducive to the improvement of environmental competitiveness of the communes. Conclusions : The main challenge for implementing the policy of sustainable developement by particular commune self-governments which are environmentally valuable is the activation of cooperation mechanisms aimed at improving environmental competitiveness of the communes.-----Przedmiot i cel pracy: Celem pracy było określenie roli samorządów gminnych w kreowaniu zrównoważonego rozwoju obszarów przyrodniczo cennych województwa lubelskiego. Materiały i metody: Pracę oparto na przeglądzie literatury przedmiotu oraz własnych refleksjach autorki, poczynionych na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych w 2013 r. w 30 gminach, dotyczących funkcjonowania samorządów gmin przyrodniczo cennych. Wyniki : Realizację koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju gminy umożliwia polityka zrównoważonego rozwoju. Jedną z integralnych jej składowych, obok polityki gospodarczej i społecznej, jest polityka ekologiczna. Badane w województwie lubelskim samorządy gminne w realizacji polityki zrównoważonego rozwoju koncentrowały się głównie na polityce ekologicznej. W niedostatecznym stopniu wspierały przedsiębiorstwa proekologiczne, co nie sprzyjało poprawie konkurencyjności przyrodniczej badanych gmin. Wnioski : Wyzwaniem dla polityki zrównoważonego rozwoju władz samorządowych gmin przyrodniczo cennych jest uruchomienie mechanizmu współpracy na rzecz wzrostu konkurencyjności przyrodniczej tych gmin

STRATEGIE ROZWOJU LOKALNEGO JAKO NARZĘDZIE ZARZĄDZANIA ROZWOJEM GMIN POŁOŻONYCH NA OBSZARACH PRZYRODNICZO CENNYCH WOJEWÓDZTWA LUBELSKIEGO

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of the municipality’s development strategy as a tool for managing the development of natural valuable areas of the Lublin province. The objective was served by the analysis of literature, development strategy documents and the results of research carried out in 30 municipalities in the group with the highest environmental values in the Lublin province, according to the indicator developed by Danuta Guzal-Dec in the study of natural values of rural and urban-rural municipalities of the Lublin province – the procedure is described in detail in [Guzal-Dec 2013]. Fieldwork was carried out in the fourth quarter of 2013 using an interview questionnaire addressed to mayors. It was found that, despite the general eligibility of the documents analyzed, incorrectness in their preparation and implementation were identified which determine the low efficiency of these strategies as tools for managing the development and creation of sustainable development. The study allowed us to confirm the hypothesis that local development strategies are underexploited management tools for development of communes located in valuable natural areas of the Lublin province

Intelligent development of the countryside - the concept of smart villages: assumptions, possibilities and implementation limitations / Inteligentny rozwój wsi – koncepcja smart villages: założenia, możliwości i ograniczenia implementacyjne

Subject and purpose of work: The article presents the concept of smart villages formulated in EU documents. Its purpose is to characterize the concept of smart villages - its assumptions, possibilities and implementation limitations. Materials and methods: Literature studies and the analysis of documents. Results: A comparative analysis of the smart villages and smart city concept was performed. The theoretical foundations and the determinants of its implementation were discussed. Conclusions: The concept of smart villages provides an answer to the search for ways of implementing the concept of sustainable development. The concept is in the initial phase of its formulation and application. It is intended to strengthen the territorial capital of the countryside, while social and technological innovations are a tool for its implementation. Among the barriers to implementing this concept the following ones have to be mentioned: low openness of the rural community to change, low innovation capacity and low level of social capital, low capacity of the local markets, spatial distance, poorly developed transport and communication network.Przedmiot i cel pracy: Praca przedstawia koncepcję smart villages sformułowaną w dokumentach UE. Celem pracy jest charakterystyka koncepcji smart villages – jej założeń, możliwości i ograniczeń implementacyjnych. Materiały i metody: Studia literaturowe oraz analiza dokumentów. Wyniki: Dokonano analizy porównawczej koncepcji smart villages i smart city. Omówiono podstawy teoretyczne i uwarunkowania jej wdrażania. Wnioski: Koncepcja smart villages stanowi odpowiedź na poszukiwanie sposobów urzeczywistnienia koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju. Koncepcja znajduje się w początkowej fazie formułowania i aplikacji. Koncepcja ma służyć wzmocnieniu kapitału terytorialnego wsi, narzędziem realizacji są innowacje społeczne i technologiczne. Wśród barier wdrażania koncepcji wymienić należy: małą otwartość społeczności wiejskiej na zmiany, niską zdolność innowacyjną i poziom kapitału społecznego, niewielką chłonność lokalnych rynków, dystans przestrzenny, słabo rozwiniętą sieć transportową i komunikacyjną