Planning for brownfield redevelopment in southwest Detroit

Master of ScienceUrban and Regional PlanningUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/101605/1/39015043204844.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/101605/2/39015043204844.pd

Pre- and post-harvest influences on physiological dormancy alleviation of an Australian Asteraceae species: Actinobole uliginosum (A.Gray) H.Eichler

The effects of maternal air temperature and soil moisture upon seed physiological dormancy (PD) alleviation of an Australian native Asteraceae were investigated. From the onset of flowering, Actinobole uliginosum plants growing ex situ were subjected to either a warm (mean 26 degrees C) or cool (mean 17 degrees C) temperature regime, with adequate or limited water availability. In the warm environment, the reproductive phase was accelerated, and plants yielded fewer seeds over a shorter, earlier harvest period, when compared to those in the cool environment. Initial germination of all seeds was low (< 20% at 15 degrees C) due to PD, which was gradually alleviated by a dry after-ripening (DAR) treatment (34/20 degrees C, 40% relative humidity, in darkness). Seeds from plants grown in the warm environment were more responsive to DAR than seeds from the cool environment, but maternal plant water availability had little effect on dormancy status. Germination was higher at 15 C than at 25/15 degrees C, reaching a plateau of c. 80% germination after 20 weeks DAR. Before DAR, application of GA(3) had little impact on seeds, which would consequently be classified as having deep PD if tested at the time of dispersal. However, DAR caused seeds to become increasingly responsive to GA(3), reaching 97% germination at 15 C following just 4 weeks of DAR, which would indicate non-deep PD if seeds were tested following a period of warm, dry storage. Maternal air temperature regulates PD status of A. uliginosum, such that seeds collected from a warmer environment are likely to be more responsive to DAR. Post-harvest storage in an environment suitable for DAR affects seed response to GA(3), which has implications for germination stimulation and dormancy classification

Pre- and Post-harvest Influences on Seed Dormancy Status of an Australian Goodeniaceae species, Goodenia fascicularis

Background and Aims The period during which seeds develop on the parent plant has been found to affect many seed characteristics, including dormancy, through interactions with the environment. Goodenia fascicularis (Goodeniaceae) seeds were used to investigate whether seeds of an Australian native forb, harvested from different environments and produced at different stages of the reproductive period, differ in dormancy status

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field