161 research outputs found
Development of communicative competence as an object of foreign language teaching
The article deals with one of the most important objects of education, that is the communicative competence development of students. This competence is essential in the process of foreign language learning Its development is supposed to be foreign language acquisition and its using in a situation of communicationye
Influence of s-d scattering on the electron density of states in ferromagnet/superconductor bilayer
We study the dependence of the electronic density of states (DOS) on the
distance from the boundary for a ferromagnet/superconductor bilayer. We
calculate the electron density of states in such structure taking into account
the two-band model of the ferromagnet (FM) with conducting s and localized d
electrons and a simple s-wave superconductor (SC). It is demonstrated that due
to the electron s-d scattering in the ferromagnetic layer in the third order of
s-d scattering parameter the oscillation of the density of states has larger
period and more drastic decrease in comparison with the oscillation period for
the electron density of states in the zero order.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Vascular Smooth Muscle as an Oxygen Sensor: Role of Elevation of the [Na+]i/[K+]i
The article presents a review of data from our own research and data obtained by other authors about the role of intracellular sodium (Nai+) and potassium (Ki+) in transcriptomic changes in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) during hypoxia. It was found that acute hypoxia suppressed [K+]o and phenylephrine-induced contractions of aortic rings through voltage-gated as well as by Cai2+- and ATP-sensitive K+ channels; 24-h incubation of VSMC in ischemic conditions resulted in attenuation of ATP content, elevation of [Na+]i and loss of [K+]i. Dissipation of Na+ and K+ gradients in low-Na+, high-K+ medium completely eliminated increment in Fos, Atf3, Ptgs2 and Per2 mRNAs and sharply diminished augmentation of Klf10, Edn1, Nr4a1 and Hes1 expression evoked by hypoxia. All these data suggest that Nai+/Ki+-mediated signaling contribute to transcriptomic changes in VSMC subjected to sustained hypoxia
Spin-flip scattering and non-ideal interfaces in dirty ferromagnet/superconductor junctions
We study the proximity-induced superconducting correlations as well as the
local density of states of a ferromagnet, in a ferromagnet/s-wave
superconductor heterostructure. We include the effects of spin-flip scattering,
non-ideal interfaces, and the presence of impurities in the sample. We employ
the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity, solving the Usadel equation
with emphasis on obtaining transparent analytical results. As our main result,
we report that in a certain parameter regime the spatial oscillations of the
anomalous (superconducting) part of the Green's function induced in the
ferromagnet by the proximity effect from the s-wave superconductor, are damped
out due to the presence of spin-flip processes. As a consequence, spin-flip
scattering may under certain conditions actually enhance the local density of
states due to the oscillatory behaviour of the latter in
ferromagnet/superconductor structures. We also conjecture that the damping
could be manifested in the behaviour of the critical temperature () of the
s-wave superconductor in contact with the ferromagnet. More specifically, we
argue that the non-monotonic decrease of in ferromagnet/s-wave
superconductor junctions without magnetic impurities is altered to a monotonic,
non-oscillatory decrease when the condition is
fulfilled, where is the spin-flip relaxation time and is
the exchange field.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B.
High-resolution figures to be available in published versio
International legal regulation of environmental management
The article provides an overview of the main international documents regulating environmental management measures. Identified three areas of modern international legal regulation of rational economic environmental manageme
Issues of financial assurance of economy greening in the regions
The relevance of the analyzed issue is caused by the need to internalize environmental externalities in the modern world. The purpose of the article is to examine the issue of financial support of the green economy using the example of the regions included in the Volga Federal District (VFD). The leading methods to the study of this issue is a comparative analysis of environmental taxes and charges in Russia and countries of the European Union (EU) and the analysis of environmental problems in the regions of the Volga Federal District, which allow identifying the shortcomings of the existing environmental payment system and proposing measures to modernize the system of financial support of the green economy. The key shortcomings of the existing environmental payment system: low rates of environmental payments; the inappropriate use of funds received from environmental payments; concentration of 97% of revenues from environmental payments in the federal budget. The contents of the article may be helpful for public authorities of general and special competence to develop the principal directions of environmental policy and plan activities aimed at improving the green economy. © 2016 Shekhova et al
Spin-current vortices in current-perpendicular-to-plane nanoconstricted spin-valves
The charge and spin diffusion equations taking into account spin-flip and
spin-transfer torque were numerically solved using a finite element method in
complex non-collinear geometry with strongly inhomogeneous current flow. As an
illustration, spin-dependent transport through a non-magnetic nanoconstriction
separating two magnetic layers was investigated. Unexpected results such as
vortices of spin-currents in the vicinity of the nanoconstriction were
obtained. The angular variations of magnetoresistance and spin-transfer torque
are strongly influenced by the structure geometry.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
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