Time Variant Multi-Objective Interval-Valued Transportation Problem in Sustainable Development

Sustainable development is treated as the achievement of continued economic development without detriment to environmental and natural resources. Now-a-days, in a competitive market scenario, most of us are willing to pay less and to gain more in quickly without considering negative externalities for the environment and quality of life for future generations. Recalling this fact, this paper explores the study of time variant multi-objective transportation problem (MOTP) with consideration of minimizing pollution. Time of transportation is of utmost importance in reality; based on this consideration, we formulate a MOTP, where we optimize transportation time as well as the cost function. The parameters of MOTP are interval-valued, so this form of MOTP is termed as a multi-objective interval transportation problem (MOITP). A procedure is taken into consideration for converting MOITP into deterministic form and then for solving it. Goal programming is applied to solve the converted transportation problem. A case study is conducted to justify the methodology by utilizing the environmental impact. At last, conclusions and future research directions are included regarding our study.The research of Jose Luis Verdegay is supported in part by the project, financed with FEDER funds, TIN2017-86647-P from the Spanish Govern

Solving the multi-modal transportation problem

This research studies a transportation problem to minimize total transportation cost under the rough interval approximation by considering the multi-modal transport framework, referred to here as the rough Multi-Modal Transportation Problem (MMTP). The parameters of MMTP are rough intervals, because the problem is chosen from a real-life scenario. To solve MMTP under a rough environment, we employ rough chance-constrained programming and the expected value operator for the rough interval and then outline the main advantages of our suggested method over those existing methods. Next, we propose an algorithm to optimally solve the problem and present a numerical example to examine the proposed technique. Finally, the solution is analyzed by the proposed method with rough-chance constrained programming and expected value operator

Conic scalarization approach to solve multi-choice multi-objective transportation problem with interval goal

This paper explores the study of multi-choice multi-objective transportation problem (MCMTP) under the light of conic scalarizing function. MCMTP is a multi-objective transportation problem (MOTP) where the parameters such as cost, demand and supply are treated as multi-choice parameters. A general transformation procedure using binary variables is illustrated to reduce MCMTP into MOTP. Most of the MOTPs are solved by goal programming (GP) approach, but the solution of MOTP may not be satisfied all times by the decision maker when the objective functions of the proposed problem contains interval-valued aspiration levels. To overcome this difficulty, here we propose the approaches of revised multi-choice goal programming (RMCGP) and conic scalarizing function into the MOTP, and then we compare among the solutions. Two numerical examples are presented to show the feasibility and usefulness of our paper. The paper ends with a conclusion and an outlook on future studies

Switchable Chemoselectivity for Organocatalytic, Asymmetric Malononitrile Addition to <i>ortho</i>-Formyl Chalcones

Chemoselective 1,2- and 1,4-addition of malononitriles to <i>ortho</i>-formyl chalcones using cinchona alkaloid based bifunctional chiral organocatalysts has been shown by tuning the electronic nature of the malononitriles. Alkyl (hard) malononitriles undergo an asymmetric 1,2-addition followed by oxa-Michael reaction cascade to afford 1,3-disubstituted isobenzofurans with high enantio- and diastereoselectivity. Aryl (soft) malononitriles proceed through 1,4-addition followed by an aldol reaction cascade to provide indanols, having three consecutive stereocenters, in good yields and with good to excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivites