Growth and yield performance of hybrid tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) lines at Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of hybrid tomato lines on growth and yield performance at Regional Agriculture research Station (RARS), Parwanipur, Nepal during end of September, 2018 to April, 2019. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven hybrid tomato lines as treatments and three replications. The tested lines included Srijana and Dalila as check varieties and other lines, developed by crossing HRA and HRD lines which showed better performance under late blight conditions. HRA 20× HRD 1 showed significantly higher plant height (110.67 cm) which was statistically at par with genotype HRA 14× HRD 7. The highest number of fruits per plant (69) was recorded from Srijana whereas the lowest number of fruits per plant (37) was recorded from cv. HRA20 × HRD1. The fruit yield of the lines ranged from 50.54 t/ha to 32.2 t/ha with Srijana having the highest yield and HRA 20× HRD 1 as the lowest. Similar results were shown regarding the marketable fruit yield. However, the highest individual fruit weight (34.67g) was recorded in HRA 14× HRD 7 and the least fruit weight was recorded in Srijana (24.22 g). Results showed that the maximum TSS (5.53 0Brix) was recorded from Dalila which was similar as Srijana. Hence, the overall performance of Srijana was recorded superior regarding both quantitative and qualitative suggesting Srijana as the recommended variety in the given domain. Here authors concluded that Srijana is still a comparatively better hybrid variety in Nepal.&nbsp

Fiseability study of nepalese fast food and restaurants in Tampere region

The main purpose of this academic thesis writing was to create a feasibility research for a Nepalese fast food and restaurant. These days, Finland is becoming more and more diverse in field of varieties of fast food and restaurant businesses from all over the world. People love the new taste of different ethnicities and demand is rising. Due to the fact that most of the European food taste are being less with spice and hotness, the spicy taste of Nepalese food has a great opportunity to fit into the Finnish market. The main objective of this business plan and thesis was to provide a detail information about introducing this type of a Nepalese fast food start-up in which includes guide to register different forms of business, strategic planning and a solid market research. Similarly, A survey was conducted among 60 partici-pants to understand the consumer’s preferences on Nepalese fast food and other factors affecting their buying decisions. Half of the participants were Finnish and half were non-Finnish residents. This sur-vey was conducted through emails mostly. In the same way, I researched and included all the information about the demand and supply of such an industry type and also the business strategy and a marketing plan needed for this thesis. The main theme of the business plan was customer satisfaction, finding and fulfilling the right spot of niche business area

Reverse-transcriptase PCR results of 10 <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> orthologs of genes associated with the sexual cycle in model fungal systems; gene names are provided for each lane; A) RT-PCR results from <i>V. dahliae</i> strain 58 (<i>MAT1-1)</i>.

<p>B) RT-PCR results from <i>V. dahliae</i> strain Ls 17 (<i>MAT1-2</i>);</p

Comparison of codons under positive (relaxed) and purifying selection in <i>MAT1-1-1</i>, in a variety of fungi in the subphylum <i>Pezizomycotina</i> using the MEC model.

1<p>SELECTON results for the putatively asexual fungus <i>V. dahliae</i> were calculated by analyzing a <i>MAT1-1-1</i> codon sequence alignment including sequences from all other fungi listed except <i>P. fulva</i>. Results for the ten species <i>A. fumigatus – S. sclerotiorum</i> were calculated using a codon alignment of only these ten species.</p>2<p>Homothallic fungus.</p>3<p>Results for the putatively asexual fungus <i>P. fulva</i> were calculated by analyzing a <i>MAT1-2-1</i> codon sequence alignment including sequences from all other fungi listed except <i>V. dahliae</i>.</p><p>Comparison of codons under positive (relaxed) and purifying selection in <i>MAT1-1-1</i>, in a variety of fungi in the subphylum <i>Pezizomycotina</i> using the MEC model.</p

Comparison of codons under positive (relaxed) and purifying selection in 18 sex-related genes in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> using the MEC model.

1<p>Fungal taxa and gene accessions used to estimate selective pressures in <i>V. dahliae</i> genes are provided in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112145#pone.0112145.s003" target="_blank">Table S2</a>. Color-coded SELECTON results for each gene are provided in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112145#pone.0112145.s001" target="_blank">Figure S1</a>.</p><p>Comparison of codons under positive (relaxed) and purifying selection in 18 sex-related genes in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> using the MEC model.</p

Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Resistance to Multiple Leaf Spot Diseases of Spring Wheat

<div><p>Accelerated wheat development and deployment of high-yielding, climate resilient, and disease resistant cultivars can contribute to enhanced food security and sustainable intensification. To facilitate gene discovery, we assembled an association mapping panel of 528 spring wheat landraces of diverse geographic origin for a genome-wide association study (GWAS). All accessions were genotyped using an Illumina Infinium 9K wheat single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip and 4781 polymorphic SNPs were used for analysis. To identify loci underlying resistance to the major leaf spot diseases and to better understand the genomic patterns, we quantified population structure, allelic diversity, and linkage disequilibrium. Our results showed 32 loci were significantly associated with resistance to the major leaf spot diseases. Further analysis identified QTL effective against major leaf spot diseases of wheat which appeared to be novel and others that were previously identified by association analysis using Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) and bi-parental mapping. In addition, several identified SNPs co-localized with genes that have been implicated in plant disease resistance. Future work could aim to select the putative novel loci and pyramid them in locally adapted wheat cultivars to develop broad-spectrum resistance to multiple leaf spot diseases of wheat via marker-assisted selection (MAS).</p></div

Ecological characteristics of multilocus microsatellite types that comprised isolates of both mating types.

a<p>“0” indicates no amplification at locus; alleles are presented in the order: VD2.VD1.VD9.VD11.VD92.VD97.VD69.VD12.VD27.VD73.VD8.VD10.VD3. ^{b, c} Total number of <i>MAT1-1</i>, <i>MAT1-2</i> isolates for each microsatellite type.</p><p>Ecological characteristics of multilocus microsatellite types that comprised isolates of both mating types.</p

Color-coded results of SELECTON analyses of <i>Verticillium dahliae MAT1-2-1</i>, compared to sequences from nine different sexual fungi in the <i>Pezizomycotina</i>.

<p>Shades of yellow (colors 1 and 2) indicate a Ka/Ks ratio>1 (positive selection) and shades of purple (colors 3 through 7) indicate a Ka/Ks ratio<1 (purifying selection); A) results from the M8 model; B) results of the MEC model; amino acid sequence of the HMG domain is indicated by black border.</p