Genetic diversity analysis of rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces through RAPD markers

The molecular marker is a useful tool for assessing genetic variations and resolving cultivar identities. Information on genetic diversity and relationships among rice landraces from Bangladesh is currently very limited. Thirty-five rice genotypes including 33 landraces and 01 HYV of Bangladesh and 1 Indian landrace of particular interest to breeding programs were evaluated by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. For molecular characterization, RAPD markers viz., OPC 03, OPC 04 and OPA 01 gave reproducible and distinct polymorphic amplified products. A total of 20 RAPD bands were scored of which 15 polymorphic amplification products were obtained by using these arbitrary primers. The size of amplified fragments were ranged from 550 to 1775 bp. Based on analysis performed on a similarity matrix using UPGMA, 35 genotypes were grouped into 2 main clusters. Landrace Sylhet balam and Mota aman was totally different from other genotypes. The information will facilitate selection of genotypes to serve as parents for effective rice breeding programs in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i1.21099 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (1): 77-87, June, 201

Clinical Importance of the knowledge of Ṣadkriyākāla w.s.r. to Kuṣṭha Samprāpti

Ayurveda believes that healthy person stay healthy by equalizing the Doṣas, Dhātus and Malas. The concept of Kriyākāla advocated by Suśruta Samhitā.  Kriyākāla refers to the recognition of the stage of a disease's progression. It is also referred as Cikitsā Avasara (opportunity to treat). Kriyā means Cikitsā (treatment) and Kāla refers to the stage of progression of a disease. The knowledge of Kriyākāla helps to determine appropriate therapy to correct the imbalance in Doṣas in early stage. In Ayurveda, most of the skin diseases have been described under the broad heading of Kuṣṭha. In the present study, concept of Kriyākāla is tried to elaborate with the special reference of Kuṣṭha Samprāpti.  Aim & Objective: To study the samprāpti of Kuṣṭha in accordance to concept of Kriyākāla. Material & Methods: Material has been collected from Suśruta Saṁhitā with various commentaries, Research articles, and electronic databases. Discussion: Early detection of diseases and its progress will help to cure the Disease with minute efforts. However if the Disease will progress it might be difficult to treat. And later on it become incurable. In the same way on young plant can be uprooted completely whereas the same plant is allowed to grow as a big tree cannot uproot easily. Kuṣṭha is Cirakālīna (chronic) Tridoṣaja Vyādhi manifested on Tvak (skin) if untreated later on it intrude to all Dhātus. Conclusion:  This article will help in to understand the journey of Kuṣṭha Vyādhi from its Nidānasevan to Samprāpti in accordance with the stage of Ṣadvidh Kriyākāla

Letter to Editor

A rare case of myxedema with cardiac tamponad

Congenital tuberculosis with multisystem involvement

Congenital tuberculosis is an uncommon condition, but in a country like India, where largest tuberculosis burden is found, there should be an eye on early diagnosis and management of this condition so as to prevent the devastating consequences of this disease considering the absence of specific pathogenic signs and symptoms. Here, we present a case of congenital tuberculosis in a newborn who was admitted on the 17th day after birth with the complaint of difficulty in breathing and lethargy for 3 days. On observing the antenatal history, it was found that mother after conception was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and was inadequately treated. The clinical indexes included no increase in body weight, hepatosplenomegaly, lethargy, and emaciated appearance. The treatment was initiated with antibiotics in intravenous form along with 4-drug antitubercular treatment (ATT). The 4-drug ATT was stopped after 1 week due to negative outcome in the tubercular screening, which leads to respiratory complications. The 4-drug ATT regimen was started again after a week on clinical basis which resulted in significant improvement within a few days. Hence, the present case presents a perspective that congenital tuberculosis can be considered in a newborn when mother has a history of tuberculosis before or during pregnancy

Pharmaceutico - Analytical Study of Triphala Guggulu

There are many formulations mentioned in Ayurvedic classics to treat various disease used as internally as well as external applications, Guggulu Kalpana is one of them. It is a very popular, safe and effective formulation for mitigation of Tridosha mainly Vatadosha. Two methods for preparation of Guggulu Kalpana areused; 1. Kuttana (pounding) and 2. Analapaka (heating). Mostly small production of Guggulu Kalpana is made by Kuttana and large production is made by Analapaka. Amidst of all Guggulu Kalpana, Triphala Guggulu is one of the most momentous and widely used in Vrana Shodhana and Vrana Ropana Karma in practice. Triphala Guggulu is indicated in Bhagandara, Gulma, Shotha, Arsha, Vatarakta, Kushtha, Pakva-vidradhi, Gandamala, Asthibhagna which is described in Sharangdhara Samhita, Yogaratnakara and Bhavaprakasha. Three batches of Triphala Guggulu were prepared with reference of Sharangdhara Samhita and follow the in house quality control parameters to standardized the medicine in large scale production by heating method. The size of Triphala Guggulu was form 10.27mm to 10.28mm in diameter, pH 5.9 to 6.2, loss on drying 0.8% to 1.6%, ash value 6.0%w/w to 7.5%w/w, acid-insoluble ash value 0.8%w/w to 1.2%w/w, alcohol-soluble extractive value 16.4%v/w to 30.2%v/w and water-soluble extractive value 32.0% to 38.0%. Phytochemical screening of Triphala Guggulu shows that Glycoside, Amino acid, Protein, Carbohydrate, Flavanoid, Tannin, Steroid, Saponin and Alkaloid were present in all batches. On the basis of this study it is clear that, if we follow the same procedure with authentic drugs then large scale production also have quality assurance

Observation-based 3-D view of aerosol radiative properties over Indian Continental Tropical Convergence Zone: Implications to regional climate

Spatial vertical distributions of aerosol radiative properties over Indian Continental Tropical Convergence Zone (CTCZ) up to 6 km altitude during the pre-monsoon monsoon seasons of 2008 have been measured reported for the first time. Inter-seasonal intra-seasonal comparisons of different aerosol properties below above the boundary layer are carried out in among different regions of CTCZ. During pre-monsoon, aerosol layers were found to be present up to altitude as high as 6 km over the Indo-Gangetic Plains Himalayan foothills. A large increase in absorption coefficients (by two to five times) near the Himalayan foothills coastal India than the background values may be attributed to extensive biomass burning as supported by fire counts data. During monsoon, the aerosols were mostly confined to lower troposphere. However, absorbing aerosols were found to rebuild much faster than scattering aerosols after rains. Heating rates were very high over urban city of Bareilly peaking around 2 km during the pre-monsoon. The HR values over urban Kanpur during monsoon were comparable to Bareilly during pre-monsoon. Negligible latitudinal gradient of heating rate from the Himalayan foothill to central India was observed during both the seasons

Preventive aspect of Obesity in Ayurveda

Background: In this present scenario, over stress and unhealthy food habits with faulty lifestyle reduces individual happiness and predispose to many lifestyle disorders. Obesity is one among them. Obesity has significant negative effects on an individual's quality of life as well as their life expectancy. Obesity becomes prime etiological factors for other comorbidities. Purpose: The treatment for obesity through modern sciences which involves multi-drug regimens which can be associated with a variety of side effects as well as they are expensive. Here Nidānaparivarjana and lifestyle modifications can play a key role in the management Obesity. Material & Methods: Review of relevant literature for subject available in Ayurveda Samhitas, previous research works, medical text books, journals, database and internet. Discussion: The preventive aspect of the Ayurveda is shown in various do’s and don’ts forms such as Dīncaryā, Rātricaryā, Sadvṛtta, Rasāyaṇa, and Saṁśodhana therapy. Nidānaparivarjana - The prime approach of an Ayurvedic treatment is analyzing the root of the disease and evading the causal or the contributory aspects of a disease is the best way to get rid of it and prevent the same in the future as well. Lifestyle modification involves altering long-term habits, typically for eating or physical activity, and maintaining the new behavior for months, years, and till lifetime. Lifestyle modification can be used to treat a range of diseases, including obesity. Conclusion: Ayurveda can manage the obesity in better way through modification in Āhāra (Diet), Vihāra (Lifestyle) and Nidānaparivarjana. The role of the Ayurveda as in preventive aspect in Obesity is trying to explain in the article

Comparison of Recombinant Human Haptocorrin Expressed in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells and Native Haptocorrin

Haptocorrin (HC) is a circulating corrinoid binding protein with unclear function. In contrast to transcobalamin, the other transport protein in blood, HC is heavily glycosylated and binds a variety of cobalamin (Cbl) analogues. HC is present not only in blood but also in various secretions like milk, tears and saliva. No recombinant form of HC has been described so far. We report the expression of recombinant human HC (rhHC) in human embryonic kidney cells. We purified the protein with a yield of 6 mg (90 nmol) per litre of cell culture supernatant. The isolated rhHC behaved as native HC concerning its spectral properties and ability to recognize both Cbl and its baseless analogue cobinamide. Similar to native HC isolated from blood, rhHC bound to the asialoglycoprotein receptor only after removal of terminal sialic acid residues by treatment with neuraminidase. Interestingly, rhHC, that compared to native HC contains four excessive amino acids (…LVPR) at the C-terminus, showed subtle changes in the binding kinetics of Cbl, cobinamide and the fluorescent Cbl conjugate CBC. The recombinant protein has properties very similar to native HC and although showing slightly different ligand binding kinetics, rhHC is valuable for further biochemical and structural studies

Brain abscesses in a patient with a patent foramen ovale: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Brain abscesses arising from right-to-left cardiac shunting are very rare in adults.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We describe the case of a 47-year-old non-hispanic white male with periodontal disease who developed several brain abscesses caused by <it>Streptococcus intermedius</it>. A comprehensive workup revealed a patent foramen ovale with oral flora as the only plausible explanation for the brain abscesses.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Based on this case and the relevant literature, we suggest an association between a silent patent foramen ovale, paradoxical microbial dissemination to the brain, and the development of brain abscesses.</p

Logarithmic Corrections to Schwarzschild and Other Non-extremal Black Hole Entropy in Different Dimensions

Euclidean gravity method has been successful in computing logarithmic corrections to extremal black hole entropy in terms of low energy data, and gives results in perfect agreement with the microscopic results in string theory. Motivated by this success we apply Euclidean gravity to compute logarithmic corrections to the entropy of various non-extremal black holes in different dimensions, taking special care of integration over the zero modes and keeping track of the ensemble in which the computation is done. These results provide strong constraint on any ultraviolet completion of the theory if the latter is able to give an independent computation of the entropy of non-extremal black holes from microscopic description. For Schwarzschild black holes in four space-time dimensions the macroscopic result seems to disagree with the existing result in loop quantum gravity.Comment: LaTeX, 40 pages; corrected small typos and added reference