2,271 research outputs found
Transfer: Cross Modality Knowledge Transfer using Adversarial Networks -- A Study on Gesture Recognition
Knowledge transfer across sensing technology is a novel concept that has been
recently explored in many application domains, including gesture-based human
computer interaction. The main aim is to gather semantic or data driven
information from a source technology to classify / recognize instances of
unseen classes in the target technology. The primary challenge is the
significant difference in dimensionality and distribution of feature sets
between the source and the target technologies. In this paper, we propose
TRANSFER, a generic framework for knowledge transfer between a source and a
target technology. TRANSFER uses a language-based representation of a hand
gesture, which captures a temporal combination of concepts such as handshape,
location, and movement that are semantically related to the meaning of a word.
By utilizing a pre-specified syntactic structure and tokenizer, TRANSFER
segments a hand gesture into tokens and identifies individual components using
a token recognizer. The tokenizer in this language-based recognition system
abstracts the low-level technology-specific characteristics to the machine
interface, enabling the design of a discriminator that learns
technology-invariant features essential for recognition of gestures in both
source and target technologies. We demonstrate the usage of TRANSFER for three
different scenarios: a) transferring knowledge across technology by learning
gesture models from video and recognizing gestures using WiFi, b) transferring
knowledge from video to accelerometer, and d) transferring knowledge from
accelerometer to WiFi signals
Merging Deep Learning with Expert Knowledge for Seizure Onset Zone localization from rs-fMRI in Pediatric Pharmaco Resistant Epilepsy
Surgical disconnection of Seizure Onset Zones (SOZs) at an early age is an
effective treatment for Pharmaco-Resistant Epilepsy (PRE). Pre-surgical
localization of SOZs with intra-cranial EEG (iEEG) requires safe and effective
depth electrode placement. Resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(rs-fMRI) combined with signal decoupling using independent component (IC)
analysis has shown promising SOZ localization capability that guides iEEG lead
placement. However, SOZ ICs identification requires manual expert sorting of
100s of ICs per patient by the surgical team which limits the reproducibility
and availability of this pre-surgical screening. Automated approaches for SOZ
IC identification using rs-fMRI may use deep learning (DL) that encodes
intricacies of brain networks from scarcely available pediatric data but has
low precision, or shallow learning (SL) expert rule-based inference approaches
that are incapable of encoding the full spectrum of spatial features. This
paper proposes DeepXSOZ that exploits the synergy between DL based spatial
feature and SL based expert knowledge encoding to overcome performance
drawbacks of these strategies applied in isolation. DeepXSOZ is an
expert-in-the-loop IC sorting technique that a) can be configured to either
significantly reduce expert sorting workload or operate with high sensitivity
based on expertise of the surgical team and b) can potentially enable the usage
of rs-fMRI as a low cost outpatient pre-surgical screening tool. Comparison
with state-of-art on 52 children with PRE shows that DeepXSOZ achieves
sensitivity of 89.79%, precision of 93.6% and accuracy of 84.6%, and reduces
sorting effort by 6.7-fold. Knowledge level ablation studies show a pathway
towards maximizing patient outcomes while optimizing the machine-expert
collaboration for various scenarios.Comment: This paper is currently under review in IEEE Journa
High Fidelity Fast Simulation of Human in the Loop Human in the Plant (HIL-HIP) Systems
Non-linearities in simulation arise from the time variance in wireless mobile
networks when integrated with human in the loop, human in the plant (HIL-HIP)
physical systems under dynamic contexts, leading to simulation slowdown. Time
variance is handled by deriving a series of piece wise linear time invariant
simulations (PLIS) in intervals, which are then concatenated in time domain. In
this paper, we conduct a formal analysis of the impact of discretizing
time-varying components in wireless network-controlled HIL-HIP systems on
simulation accuracy and speedup, and evaluate trade-offs with reliable
guarantees. We develop an accurate simulation framework for an artificial
pancreas wireless network system that controls blood glucose in Type 1 Diabetes
patients with time varying properties such as physiological changes associated
with psychological stress and meal patterns. PLIS approach achieves accurate
simulation with greater than 2.1 times speedup than a non-linear system
simulation for the given dataset.Comment: To appear in ACM MSWIM 202
EdGCon: Auto-assigner of Iconicity Ratings Grounded by Lexical Properties to Aid in Generation of Technical Gestures
Gestures that share similarities in their forms and are related in their
meanings, should be easier for learners to recognize and incorporate into their
existing lexicon. In that regard, to be more readily accepted as standard by
the Deaf and Hard of Hearing community, technical gestures in American Sign
Language (ASL) will optimally share similar in forms with their lexical
neighbors. We utilize a lexical database of ASL, ASL-LEX, to identify lexical
relations within a set of technical gestures. We use automated identification
for 3 unique sub-lexical properties in ASL- location, handshape and movement.
EdGCon assigned an iconicity rating based on the lexical property similarities
of the new gesture with an existing set of technical gestures and the
relatedness of the meaning of the new technical word to that of the existing
set of technical words. We collected 30 ad hoc crowdsourced technical gestures
from different internet websites and tested them against 31 gestures from the
DeafTEC technical corpus. We found that EdGCon was able to correctly
auto-assign the iconicity ratings 80.76% of the time.Comment: Accepted for publication in ACM SAC 202
Budesonide Oral Suspension Improves Symptomatic, Endoscopic, and Histologic Parameters Compared With Placebo in Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Background & Aims
Pharmacologic treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is limited to off-label use of corticosteroids not optimized for esophageal delivery. We performed a randomized, controlled phase 2 trial to assess the ability of budesonide oral suspension (BOS), a novel muco-adherent topical steroid formulation, to reduce symptoms and esophageal eosinophilia in adolescents and adults with EoE.
Methods
In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial, 93 EoE patients between the ages of 11 and 40 years with dysphagia and active esophageal eosinophilia were randomized to receive either BOS 2 mg or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. Co-primary outcomes were change in Dysphagia Symptom Questionnaire (DSQ) score from baseline, and proportion of patients with a histologic response (≤6 eosinophils/high-power field) after treatment. Endoscopic severity scores and safety parameters were assessed.
Results
At baseline, mean DSQ scores were 29.3 and 29.0, and mean peak eosinophil counts were 156 and 130 per hpf in the BOS and placebo groups, respectively. After treatment, DSQ scores were 15.0 and 21.5, and mean peak eosinophil counts were 39 and 113 per high-power field, respectively (P < .05 for all). For BOS vs placebo, change in DSQ score was −14.3 vs −7.5 (P = .0096), histologic response rates were 39% vs 3% (P < .0001), and change in endoscopic severity score was −3.8 vs 0.4 (P < .0001). Adverse events were similar between groups.
Conclusions
Treatment with BOS was well tolerated in adolescent and young adult patients with EoE and resulted in improvement in symptomatic, endoscopic, and histologic parameters using validated outcome instruments
Managing File Subsystem Data Streams for Databases on Networked Systems
One important activity for networked database systems that distribute data across several workstations is moving data between the file and network subsystems. It is possible to create data streams in the operating system kernel. If provided on a system, they allow user level processes to request transfer of data without having t copy it into the user space. This is particularly useful for data whose content or format is not modified during the transfer. In this paper we present a conservative criterion for access and control for the management of such data streams for databases in a networked environment, and define the implementation requirements for achieving the criterion. The approach is to maintain at least the current level of access management. We define the specific implementation semantics that this criterion entails. <P
Wireless Power Transmission
Wireless Power Transmission through inductive coupling is one of the new emerging technologies that will bring tremendous change in human life. Due to shortage of time and fast running life style it is difficult to carry the complete charging set which increases the demand of the wirelessly charged products. Wireless power transfer is one of the simplest and inexpensive ways of charging as it eliminate the use of conventional copper cables and current carrying wires. In this paper, a technique is devised for a wireless power transfer through induction, and a feasible design is modeled accordingly. The technique used in this paper is the inductive coupling as it the easiest method of high efficiency power transfer without using wired medium (eg, transformer). In this paper the result of experiment is given which is done to check wireless working of a simple application by glowing LED, and charging a mobile. Wireless power transfer is not much affected by placing hurdles likes books, hands and plastic between transceiver and receiver. This research work focuses on the study of wireless power transfer for the purpose of transferring cut and dried amount of energy at maximum efficiency
Regulation and Regulatory Role of WNT Signaling in Potentiating FSH Action during Bovine Dominant Follicle Selection
Follicular development occurs in wave like patterns in monotocous species such as cattle and humans and is regulated by a complex interaction of gonadotropins with local intrafollicular regulatory molecules. To further elucidate potential mechanisms controlling dominant follicle selection, granulosa cell RNA harvested from F1 (largest) and F2 (second largest) follicles isolated at predeviation (PD) and onset of diameter deviation (OD) stages of the first follicular wave was subjected to preliminary RNA transcriptome analysis. Expression of numerous WNT system components was observed. Hence experiments were performed to test the hypothesis that WNT signaling modulates FSH action on granulosa cells during follicular waves. Abundance of mRNA for WNT pathway members was evaluated in granulosa cells harvested from follicles at emergence (EM), PD, OD and early dominance (ED) stages of the first follicular wave. In F1 follicles, abundance of CTNNB1 and DVL1 mRNAs was higher and AXIN2 mRNA was lower at ED versus EM stages and DVL1 and FZD6 mRNAs were higher and AXIN2mRNA was lower in F1 versus F2 follicle at the ED stage. Bovine granulosa cells were treated in vitro with increasing doses of the WNT inhibitor IWR-1+/− maximal stimulatory dose of FSH. IWR-1 treatment blocked the FSH-induced increase in granulosa cell numbers and reduced the FSH-induced increase in estradiol. Granulosa cells were also cultured in the presence or absence of FSH +/− IWR-1 and hormonal regulation of mRNA for WNT pathway members and known FSH targets determined. FSH treatment increased CYP19A1, CCND2, CTNNB1, AXIN2and FZD6 mRNAs and the stimulatory effect on CYP19A1 mRNA was reduced by IWR-1. In contrast, FSH reduced CARTPT mRNA and IWR-1 partially reversed the inhibitory effect of FSH. Results support temporal and hormonal regulation and a potential role for WNT signaling in potentiating FSH action during dominant follicle selection
A study on clinical outcomes of people living with HIV/AIDS on anti retroviral therapy from rural hospital in Nepal
ABSTRACT Anti Retroviral Therapy has been started in Nepal since 2004 and the treatment centers have been upgrading all over the country regularly. A prospective observational study was carried out from August 2008 to December 2009 with an objective to evaluate clinical outcome of People Living with HIV/AIDS undergoing the therapy as per National Guidelines. After taking written informed consent pre-structured questionnaire was fi lled and patients were followed for next six months. All information were entered into SPSS 11.5 system and analyzed. Out of 44 patients, 24 (54.6%) were males and 20 (45.4%) were females. Age group 31-35 years were predominant 16 (36.6%) followed by 36-40 years 12 (27.2%). Clinically WHO stage III was found among 97.7% of the patients and 45.4% of housewives got HIV transmitted from husbands. Anti Retroviral Therapy was started in 25 (59.2%) of patients within three months HIV test positive. From initiation of therapy till six months there was, 1.7 kg of mean increase weight gain and 354 cells/mm 3 increase in mean Total Lymphocyte Count. Opportunistic infections occurrence decreased signifi cantly from 34.1% to 2.3% and 41 (93.2%) patients had drug adherence scale of more than 95 percentile. Hence it can be concluded that there is an urgent need of expanding the accessibility of the therapy to eligible patients throughout the country
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