Role of cardiotocography in high risk pregnancy and its correlation with increase cesarean section rate

Background: FHR monitoring plays the most important role in management of labouring patient when incidence of fetal hypoxia and progressive asphyxia increases. Now a day’s cardiotocography (CTG) become a popular method for monitoring of fetal wellbeing and it is assisting the obstetrician in making the decision on the mode of delivery to improve perinatal outcome. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of cardiotocography on perinatal outcome and its correlation with caesarean section rate.Methods: In this prospective observational study 201 gravid women with high risk pregnancy in first stage of labour were taken. Result was assessed in the form of Apgar score at five minute, NICU admission, perinatal mortality and mode of delivery. Statistical analysis is done by using Chi square test and p<0.05 is considered as statistically significant.Results: Perinatal morbidity in the form of NICU admission is higher in nonreactive group as compare to reactive group (75.7% v/s 22.8%). Cesarean section rate for fetal distress were higher in nonreactive group (87.8%) in comparison to reactive group (20.5%). So this study suggest that there is significant difference in mode of delivery with increasing chances of caesarean section in cases belong to non-reactive traces (p<0.001).Conclusions: Admission test is non-invasive and the best screening test to evaluate the fetal health and to predict the perinatal outcome but it also associated with increase caesarean section rate

DBSCAN inspired task scheduling algorithm for cloud infrastructure

Cloud computing in today\u27s computing environment plays a vital role, by providing efficient and scalable computation based on pay per use model. To make computing more reliable and efficient, it must be efficient, and high resources utilized. To improve resource utilization and efficiency in cloud, task scheduling and resource allocation plays a critical role. Many researchers have proposed algorithms to maximize the throughput and resource utilization taking into consideration heterogeneous cloud environments. This work proposes an algorithm using DBSCAN (Density-based spatial clustering) for task scheduling to achieve high efficiency. The proposed DBScan-based task scheduling algorithm aims to improve user task quality of service and improve performance in terms of execution time, average start time and finish time. The experiment result shows proposed model outperforms existing ACO and PSO with 13% improvement in execution time, 49% improvement in average start time and average finish time. The experimental results are compared with existing ACO and PSO algorithms for task scheduling

Fault aware task scheduling in cloud using min-min and DBSCAN

Cloud computing leverages computing resources by managing these resources globally in a more efficient manner as compared to individual resource services. It requires us to deliver the resources in a heterogeneous environment and also in a highly dynamic nature. Hence, there is always a risk of resource allocation failure that can maximize the delay in task execution. Such adverse impact in the cloud environment also raises questions on quality of service (QoS). Resource management for cloud application and service have bigger challenges and many researchers have proposed several solutions but there is room for improvement. Clustering the resources clustering and mapping them according to task can also be an option to deal with such task failure or mismanaged resource allocation. Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is a stochastic approach-based algorithm which has the capability to cluster the resources in a cloud environment. The proposed algorithm considers high execution enabled powerful data centers with least fault probability during resource allocation which reduces the probability of fault and increases the tolerance. The simulation is cone using CloudsSim 5.0 tool kit. The results show 25% average improve in execution time, 6.5% improvement in number of task completed and 3.48% improvement in count of task failed as compared to ACO, PSO, BB-BC (Bib = g bang Big Crunch) and WHO(Whale optimization algorithm)

Laser Proximity Sensor for Fuel-air Explosive Bomb

Present study deals with design and development aspects of a diode laser proximity sensorbased on principle of optical triangulation. This sensor incorporates a laser transmitter and anoptical receiver. The beam divergence of laser transmitter and look angle of receiver are orientedin such a way that they intersect at a predetermined measuring segment. The sensor can be setto give signal output at predetermined distance from the target. Theoretical studies have beencarried out to determine the minimum power required for transmitter with a trade-off between S/Nratio, aperture of receiver optics, reflectivity of target and range requirement. The scattered laserradiation from the target in this segment is utilised in deriving a signal output to detonate thebomb at a predetermined distance from the target. The laser proximity sensor has been developedfor 3 ± 0.5 m operational range and has qualified various environmental tests and live fuel-airexplosive bomb trials

Real Time Assessment of Potable Water Quality in Distribution Network based on Low Cost Multi-Sensor Array

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Cleidocranial dysplasia: Radiological mimic of pyknodysostosis – A case report

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal disorder with predominant membranous bone involvement. It may also occur as a sporadic mutation. The diagnosis of this condition is based on the clinical, radiological and genetic findings. It is characterised by hypoplasia or aplasia of the lateral thirds of the clavicles; craniofacial and dental anomalies; and hypoplastic iliac bones. Pyknodysostosis is a close radiological mimic of this entity. Definite diagnosis is based on the genetic analysis. A 36-year-old short-statured female was referred for computed tomography of the paranasal regions for complaints of a deviated nasal septum and midline depression in her forehead. Skeletal screening demonstrated an open metopic suture, wormian bones, maxillary hypoplasia, maldentition and aplastic lateral thirds of both clavicles. In this article, we report a case of CCD, discuss various overlapping features between CCD and pyknodysostosis and attempt to differentiate them radiologically

RETROSPECTIVE MULTICENTRIC STUDY ON THE POST-SURGERY SYMPTOMATIC AND OBJECTIVE IMPROVEMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA PATIENTS

Objectives: To evaluate patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) preoperatively and identify those who would benefit from surgery, to evaluate outcome of surgery for BPH with respect to symptomatic and objective improvement of patients, and to compare the results of different surgeries for BPH being done different hospitals at Bhopal, which included transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), transurethral incision of prostate (TUIP)/bladder neck incision (BNI), and Freyer’s prostatectomy? Methods: The present study was carried out at different hospitals of Bhopal. Patients presenting to the surgery outpatient department with symptoms of obstruction, namely, weak urinary stream, frequency hesitancy, intermittency, urgency, nocturia, etc., were included in the study. Some of the subjects included were patients presenting during emergency timings with complaints of retention of urine or occasionally other symptoms. The American Urological Association (AUA) Symptom Index questionnaire was administered to all such patients. They were also evaluated by ultrasound examination and patients having BPH on ultrasound (USG) were further evaluated by uroflowmetry. Results: Prostatic weight correlated well with the maximum urinary flow rates with an inverse relationship. Both maximum and average urinary flow rates (Q max and Qav) were improved by all the three surgeries However, TURP and Freyer’s prostatectomy showed greater improvement as compared to TUIP/BNI. Combination of AUA scoring, USG, and uroflowmetry helped us document improvement in our BPH patients and compared it favorably with other studies. Conclusion: Uroflowmetry was a simple assessment tool easy to learn and use. It was also inexpensive and formed a useful extension to clinical examination providing objective evidence of obstruction. It also helped to indirectly quantity the severity of obstruction. Symptom severity did not correlate with prostate size. Small prostates caused symptoms in the severe range also while even large prostates sometimes caused little symptoms. Prostatic weight correlated well with the maximum urinary flow rates with an inverse relationship

Treatment of intertrochanteric femur fracture in elderly patients with the proximal femoral nail antirotation: evaluation in terms of union and functional outcome

Background: Trochanteric fractures almost invariably occur as a result of a trivial fall involving both direct and indirect forces. Fixation in the geriatric population generally consists of weakened, osteoporotic bone; intramedullary devices (PFNA) carry an advantage over other load sharing devices by not having to depend on plate fixation with bone screws purchasing a compromised lateral cortex. The purpose of the present study is to verify the theoretical advantages of the proximal femoral nail in elderly osteoporotic patients and eventually functional outcome of the patient.Method: A total of 30 patients with age >60 years with intertrochanteric femur fractures managed with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for prospective study. Harris hip score had been used in our study for regular follow up and evaluation at each and every follow up visit.Results: Average Harris hip score at the end of study showed mean value of 87, ranged from 65 to 94 with almost 73% patients showing excellent or good outcome. And 100% fractures got united with a good component position and average time to bone healing was 14 weeks.Conclusions: PFNA are now favored in western countries and there are multiple studies coming from that region to support this. Due to advantages of high union rate, early postoperative mobilization, and short operation time, PFNA osteosynthesis is the method of choice for surgical treatment of stable and unstable osteoporotic intertrochanteric femoral fractures

Multiaxial fatigue studies on carbon steel piping material of Indian PHWRs

The tests studies and analyses have been carried out in the area of “Multiaxial Fatigue” with an objective to improve the damage assessment methodologies and design rules. Nearly 50 numbers of fatigue tests were conducted on solid and tubular specimens of SA333Gr.6 material under pure axial, pure shear and combined axial-torsion in-phase/ out-of-phase loading combinations. A software has been developed for the evaluation of multiaxial fatigue damage for the analyses of tests data using different invariant fatigue models such as ASME Sec.III code procedures, von-Mises etc. The fatigue crack initiation life was predicted using the best fit axial fatigue life curve (without use of safety factors). These tests and their analyses have helped in understanding the fatigue failure behavior of piping material under complex cyclic loadings where the principal directions rotate during a loading cycle. The crack initiation angles have also been measured by analyzing the image of the tested specimens. The measured crack angles will help in validation of the critical plane based models