Marketing/Sales Students Understanding Of What Counts As Sales

Improper sales revenue recognition is the single largest issue contributing to financial restatements. Understanding and applying the rules of sales revenue recognition is not just an accounting problem; it is a marketing problem, too. Thus, it is important that the sales force has a basic understanding of the rules of sales recognition and be aware of when they should seek advice from accounting on the details of sales agreements. Unfortunately, most marketing and sales curricula neither expose nor alert students to sales revenue recognition issues and the resulting ethical, financial, legal and marketing consequences of improper revenue recognition. Such students, after joining the workforce, may pursue certain marketing goals, strategies and tactics which may lead them unknowingly to engage in unethical and/or illegal practices. Our findings based on a survey of 300 undergraduate students highlight the deficiencies in their understanding of what counts as sales. The survey used real cases where SIC found that misreporting of sales has occurred

BRICS at the Gate: Modern International Monetary System in Conditions of Balanced Uncertainty

The history of the modern international monetary system has been one of balanced uncertainty, with a fundamental trade-off - and tension - persisting between it anchoring mechanism and the mechanism for adjusting imbalances within. Ever since the system’s moorings drifted from its anchoring to gold and the assured automaticity of convertibility, the adjustment mechanism to regulate intra-systemic imbalances - floating exchange rates, capital controls, coordinated international intervention, or a combination thereof - has had to be progressively scaled upwards to account for the contingent nature of the tie to gold. Attempts to weave this balance have typically tended to break down over time as structural shifts associated with modern capitalism have overwhelmed the founding design of each monetary order. Looking ahead, a 21st century international monetary order that is entirely de-anchored from gold and rests merely on the full faith and credit of its fiat money trustees will necessitate that its mechanisms of international coordination and adjustment to restore balance be ratcheted-upwards equivalently. The emergence of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) phenomenon, and the powerful re-rise of China as a global strategic peer competitor to the United States, is likely to heap a layer of complication to this task of international financial coordination. To overcome the fundamental structural tensions that exist within the system – semi-liberalized financial and exchange rate regimes in a universe of fully-liberalized and quicksilver capital flows; basic long-term irreconcilability of the United States’ international debtor status with its principal reserve currency-issuer status; viability of a dollar-dominated monetary system in a progressively China, Asia and BRICS-dominated global economic and trading order, we propose that flexibility and capacity be endowed within the system’s regulatory mechanisms to accommodate – and accelerate - the economic and financial liberalization trajectories, and rise, of its BRICS and emerging markets constituents

Breast metastasis of ilial carcinoid tumor: Case report and literature review

BACKGROUND: Metastatic breast carcinoids are rare neoplasms. They can be mistaken for primary breast carcinoma both clinically and radiologically, even with known history of carcinoid tumor elsewhere in the body. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of unilateral breast metastasis from carcinoid tumor of the small intestine in a 52-year-old woman who was successfully treated by lumpectomy and radiation therapy. An extensive review of the literature reveals only a few cases of metastatic carcinoid to the breast from small intestinal primaries. CONCLUSION: Clinical suspicion for metastasis should be high in a patient with breast mass and history of known carcinoid elsewhere in the body. Lumpectomy alone may be effective in these patients. Mastectomy and especially axillary dissection could be avoided. Their histological appearance may mimic ductal adenocarcinoma of the breast. However, the distinction is important due to differences in management and prognosis

Multi Targeted Non Invasive Photoceutical Therapeutic Approach for Combat and Traumatic Soft Tissue Injuries

Combat and soft tissue traumatic injuries pose unique challenges in terms of their severity, complexity, and thus need for the exploration of rapid, novel therapeutic interventions. Traditionally, combat injuries have been managed through invasive surgical procedures associated with potential complications and prolonged recovery times. However, advancements in non-invasive treatment modalities have opened up new possibilities for managing combat injuries more effectively and efficiently. The present article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of non-invasive, drug-free, biophysical therapeutic approaches for combat and external traumatic injuries, focusing on their benefits, efficacy, and potential applications. The non-invasive nature and favourable safety profile of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) make it an attractive option for combat injury management. The evidence on underlying mechanistic insights supports the efficacy of PBMT in promoting tissue repair, reducing pain, inflammation, oxidative stress, and facilitating functional recovery. In conclusion, the present review highlights the significant potential of non-invasive PBMT using dual/multi-wavelength light energy as a valuable therapeutic approach for traumatic soft tissue and combat injuries and extensively explores associated mechanistic insights. Further research on combination therapies using potential pharmacological agents in conjunction with PBMT, with optimal irradiation protocols and other energy-based healing modalities will favour the translation of potential non-invasive healing intervention for combat and traumatic injuries in clinical applications

ProInflam: a webserver for the prediction of proinflammatory antigenicity of peptides and proteins

Additional file 2: Table S2. Dipeptide composition distribution between proinflammatory and non proinflammatory data