Predictive value of SII and sd-LDL for contrast-induced acute kidney injury in STEMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) and the level of small dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to further compare the predictive values of SII, sd-LDL and their combination for CI-AKI. Methods: A total of 674 patients were assigned to a training and a validation cohort according to their chronological sequence. The baseline characteristics of the 450 patients in the training cohort were considered as candidate univariate predictors of CI-AKI. Multivariate logistic regression was then used to identify predictors of CI-AKI and develop a prediction model. The predictive values of SII, sd-LDL and their combination for CI-AKI were also evaluated. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), sd-LDL, uric acid, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and SII were predictors of CI-AKI. The area under the curve (AUC) of the prediction model based on the above factors was 0.846 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.808–0.884], and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (P = 0.587, χ2 = 6.543) proved the goodness of fit of the model. The AUC combining SII with sd-LDL to predict CI-AKI was 0.785 (95% CI 0.735–0.836), with a sensitivity of 72.8% and a specificity of 79.8%, and was statistically significant when compared with SII and sd-LDL, respectively. The predictive efficiency of combining SII with sd-LDL and SII were evaluated by improved net reclassification improvement (NRI, 0.325, P < 0.001) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI, 0.07, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Both SII and sd-LDL can be used as predictors of CI-AKI in STEMI patients undergoing emergency PCI, and their combination can provide more useful value for early assessment of CI-AKI

Online Hybrid Neural Network for Stock Price Prediction: A Case Study of High-Frequency Stock Trading in the Chinese Market

Time-series data, which exhibit a low signal-to-noise ratio, non-stationarity, and non-linearity, are commonly seen in high-frequency stock trading, where the objective is to increase the likelihood of profit by taking advantage of tiny discrepancies in prices and trading on them quickly and in huge quantities. For this purpose, it is essential to apply a trading method that is capable of fast and accurate prediction from such time-series data. In this paper, we developed an online time series forecasting method for high-frequency trading (HFT) by integrating three neural network deep learning models, i.e., long short-term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), and transformer; and we abbreviate the new method to online LGT or O-LGT. The key innovation underlying our method is its efficient storage management, which enables super-fast computing. Specifically, when computing the forecast for the immediate future, we only use the output calculated from the previous trading data (rather than the previous trading data themselves) together with the current trading data. Thus, the computing only involves updating the current data into the process. We evaluated the performance of O-LGT by analyzing high-frequency limit order book (LOB) data from the Chinese market. It shows that, in most cases, our model achieves a similar speed with a much higher accuracy than the conventional fast supervised learning models for HFT. However, with a slight sacrifice in accuracy, O-LGT is approximately 12 to 64 times faster than the existing high-accuracy neural network models for LOB data from the Chinese market

Formation conditions and exploration prospects of Sinian large gas fields, Sichuan Basin

Exploration potential of natural gas in the Sinian, Sichuan Basin, is evaluated based on research on the evolution of the Leshan-Longnüsi palaeouplift and reservoir forming conditions such as sedimentary facies, source rocks, reservoirs and caprocks. The Sinian has a potential to form large gas fields in the Sichuan Basin: (1) Large-scale inherited palaeo-uplift provided conditions for oil/gas formation and accumulation. (2) A stable sedimentary environment guaranteed the extensive development of source rocks and reservoirs. (3) Deng-2, Deng-3 and Deng-4 members overlap each other and are widely developed. (4) Multiple source rocks overlay each other vertically and are distributed widely, superimposed between reservoirs like “sandwiches”. (5) The Sinian has good preservation conditions, regional mudstone cap rocks are thick and faults are not developed. Considering these favorable reservoir forming conditions, four favorable prospective areas were selected: Leshan-Longnüsi Palaeouplift, Southeast Sichuan, East Sichuan, and Northwest Sichuan. Of them, the Leshan-Longnüsi palaeo-uplift is the most favorable prospect, where the litho-stratigraphic gas reservoirs in the slope deserve further exploration. Key words: Sinian, large gas fields, prospect, Sichuan Basin, Leshan-Longnüsi palaeo-uplif

Additional file 1 of Association of smoking with cartilage loss of knee osteoarthritis: data from two longitudinal cohorts

Additional file

Formation conditions, accumulation models and exploration direction of large-scale gas fields in Sinian-Cambrian, Sichuan Basin, China

According to comprehensive research on forming conditions including sedimentary facies, reservoirs, source rocks, and palaeo-uplift evolution of Sinian-Cambrian in Sichuan Basin, it is concluded that: (1) large-scale inherited palaeo-uplifts, large-scale intracratonic rifts, three widely-distributed high-quality source rocks, four widely-distributed karst reservoirs, and oil pyrolysis gas were all favorable conditions for large-scale and high-abundance accumulation; (2) diverse accumulation models were developed in different areas of the palaeo-uplift. In the core area of the inherited palaeo-uplift, “in-situ” pyrolysis accumulation model of paleo-reservoir was developed. On the other hand, in the slope area, pyrolysis accumulation model of dispersed liquid hydrocarbon was developed in the late stage structural trap; (3) there were different exploration directions in various areas of the palaeo-uplift. Within the core area of the palaeo-uplift, we mainly searched for the inherited paleo-structural trap which was also the foundation of lithological-strigraphic gas reservoirs. In the slope areas, we mainly searched for the giant structural trap formed in the Himalayan Period

Automatic diagnosis and control of distributed solid state lighting systems

This paper describes a new design concept of automatically diagnosing and compensating LED degradations in distributed solid state lighting (SSL) systems. A failed LED may significantly reduce the overall illumination level, and destroy the uniform illumination distribution achieved by a nominal system. To our knowledge, an automatic scheme to compensate LED degradations has not yet been seen in the literature, which requires a diagnostic step followed by control reconfigurations. The main challenge in diagnosing LED degradations lies in the usually unsatisfactory observability in a distributed SSL system, because the LED light output is usually not individually measured. In this work, we tackle this difficulty by using pulse width modulated (PWM) drive currents with a unique fundamental frequency assigned to each LED. Signal processing methods are applied in estimating the individual illumination flux of each LED. Statistical tests are developed to diagnose the degradation of LEDs. Duty cycle of the drive current signal to each LED is re-optimized once a fault is detected, in order to compensate the destruction of the uniform illumination pattern by the failed LED.Microelectronics & Computer EngineeringElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc

Distribution laws of large gas fields and further exploration orientation and targets in China

With the rapid expansion and extension of natural gas exploration and development, it is more and more difficult to discover large-scale reserves in China. To intensify the research on new natural gas exploration domains, we reviewed the progress and trend of natural gas exploration and analyzed the main areas with large-scale proved gas in place (GIP). Then, based on a statistic analysis of large gas fields in China as well as their hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics, their genetic systems were classified and each system's distribution law was also identified. Some research results were obtained. First, carbonate paleo-uplifts of cratonic basins, tight sandstones of extensive gentle slopes and thrust structures of foreland basins are the main areas with large-scale proved GIP in China. Second, there are five genetic systems for large gas fields, i.e. cratonic rift and paleo-uplift (A), stable slope of low-angle open lake (B), thrust structure of piedmont fault depression (C), faulted uplift and igneous rock of intracontinental pull-apart fault depression (D), and anticline structure of epicontinental strike–slip fault depression (E), and one genetic system (F) for unconventional gas, i.e. adsorption and accumulation in nano-scale space. Third, there is one core genetic system for large conventional gas fields in each geologic cycle. Fourth, two-level accumulation, i.e. no migration inside the source and large-scale transportation termination, exists in each single genetic system, and sequential accumulation is formed under the control of multiple factors in the areas where multiple genetic systems are superimposed. Fifth, the multi-system superimposed area is rich in large gas fields and the multi-stress hinge zone in the central area is the natural gas convergence zone. Finally, the future orientation and targets of natural gas exploration in China were pointed out. First, the system A includes Sinian–Lower Paleozoic in the Sichuan Basin, Cambrian in the Tarim Basin and Cambrian–Ordovician in the Ordos Basin. Second, the system C includes the transform zone of Kuqa thrust structure, the northwestern Sichuan Basin and the southwestern Tarim Basin. Third, the system E includes the basins in the eastern China seas. Fourth, the system F includes organic-rich shales in South China and deep coal beds in the Ordos Basin in central China. Keywords: China, Large gas field, Distribution law, New area, Cratonic rift and paleo-uplift, Thrust structure of piedmont fault depression, Anticline structure of epicontinental strike–slip fault depression, Adsorption and accumulation in nano-scale spac

Individualized 3D printing navigation template for pedicle screw fixation in upper cervical spine

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>Pedicle screw fixation in the upper cervical spine is a difficult and high-risk procedure. The screw is difficult to place rapidly and accurately, and can lead to serious injury of spinal cord or vertebral artery. The aim of this study was to design an individualized 3D printing navigation template for pedicle screw fixation in the upper cervical spine.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Using CT thin slices data, we employed computer software to design the navigation template for pedicle screw fixation in the upper cervical spine (atlas and axis). The upper cervical spine models and navigation templates were produced by 3D printer with equal proportion, two sets for each case. In one set (Test group), pedicle screws fixation were guided by the navigation template; in the second set (Control group), the screws were fixed under fluoroscopy. According to the degree of pedicle cortex perforation and whether the screw needed to be refitted, the fixation effects were divided into 3 types: Type I, screw is fully located within the vertebral pedicle; Type II, degree of pedicle cortex perforation is <1 mm, but with good internal fixation stability and no need to renovate; Type III, degree of pedicle cortex perforation is >1 mm or with the poor internal fixation stability and in need of renovation. Type I and Type II were acceptable placements; Type III placements were unacceptable.</p><p>Results</p><p>A total of 19 upper cervical spine and 19 navigation templates were printed, and 37 pedicle screws were fixed in each group. Type I screw-placements in the test group totaled 32; Type II totaled 3; and Type III totaled 2; with an acceptable rate of 94.60%. Type I screw placements in the control group totaled 23; Type II totaled 3; and Type III totaled 11, with an acceptable rate of 70.27%. The acceptability rate in test group was higher than the rate in control group. The operation time and fluoroscopic frequency for each screw were decreased, compared with control group.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The individualized 3D printing navigation template for pedicle screw fixation is easy and safe, with a high success rate in the upper cervical spine surgery.</p></div

Formation mechanism of tight sandstone gas in areas of low hydrocarbon generation intensity: A case study of the Upper Paleozoic in north Tianhuan depression in Ordos Basin, NW China

The Upper Paleozoic in the north part of Tianhuan depression in the Ordos Basin, NW China has lower hydrocarbon generation intensity and complex gas-water relationship, the main factors controlling the formation of tight sandstone gas and the distribution of tight sandstone gas in the low hydrocarbon generation intensity area are studied. Through two-dimensional physical simulation experiment of hydrocarbon accumulation, analysis of reservoir micro-pore-throat hydrocarbon system and dissection of typical gas reservoirs, the evaluation models of gas injection pressure, reservoir physical property, and gas generation threshold were established to determine the features of tight gas reservoirs in low hydrocarbon intensity area: (1) at the burial depth of less than 3 000 m, the hydrocarbon generation intensity of (7−10)×108 m3/km2 is high enough to maintain effective charging; (2) tight sandstone in large scale occurrence is conducive to accumulation of tight gas; (3) differences in reservoir physical property control the distribution of gas pool, for the channel sandstone reservoirs, ones with better physical properties generally concentrate in the middle of sandstone zone and local structural highs; ones with poor physical properties have low gas content generally. Based on the dissection of the gas reservoir in the north Tianhuan depression, the formation of tight gas reservoirs in low hydrocarbon generating intensity area are characterized by “long term continuous charging under hydrocarbon generation pressure, gas accumulation in large scale tight sandstone, pool control by difference in reservoir physical property, and local sweet spot”, and the tight gas pools are distributed in discontinuous “sheets” on the plane. This understanding has been proved by expanding exploration of tight sandstone gas in the north Tianhuan depression. Key words: Ordos Basin, Tianhuan depression, hydrocarbon generation intensity, tight sandstone gas, reservoir-forming mechanism, distribution patter