Product–process matrix and complementarity approach

The relationship between different types of innovation is analysed from three different approaches. On the one hand, the distinctive view assumes that the determinants of each type of innovation are different and therefore there is no relationship between them. On the other hand, the integrative view considers that the different types of innovation are complementary. Finally, the product–process matrix framework suggests that the relationship between product innovation and process innovation is substitutive. Using data from Spain belonging to the Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC) for the years 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012, we tested which of the three approaches is predominant. To perform the hypothesis test, we used the so-called complementarity approach. We find that there is no unique relation. The nature of the relationship depends on the types of innovation that interact. Our most significant finding is that the relationship between product innovation and process innovation is complementary. This finding contradicts the proposal of the product–process matrix framework. Consequently, the joint implementation of both types of innovation generates a greater impact on the performance of a company than the sum of their separate implementation

Subspace Identification Using N4sid Methods Applied to Model Concrete Chimney

This article describes a new structural identification tool to define the structure of the modal characteristics have been proposed. N4SID abbreviation means “Numerical algorithms for Subspace State Space System Identification”.  In the SI (System Identification) of structure dynamics area area, N4SID has been used very frequently recently. The aim of N4SID is the determining of a mathematical model of a real or model structure.Thus, a model is formed about the reactions of the structures to different inputs. The model structure is created as an input and placed on the shaking table for output. After the acceleration responses are collected from the existing sensors, the data obtained through the Matlab SI (System Identification) toolbox are processed. Finally, Matrices A, B, C, D, K are obtained. For this purpose, analytical and laboratory studies to illustrate the effectiveness of N4SID evaluated. Concrete chimney sample was used as a model. Results demonstrated that fit to estimation data was 99,72 % and it can be concluded that N4SID system identification method is very efficient and accurate in identifying mathematical model of Model Concrete Chimney. &nbsp

The Effect of Tmd on the Periods and Mode Shapes of the Reinforced Concrete Building by Finite Element Analysis

Earthquake engineers have taken many precautions in their building designs to protect and minimize destructive effects. In this way, many new design and reinforcement methods have been developed against seismic loads. The use of a tuned mass damper (TMD) is one of the developed methods. One of the most important negative aspects of the use of TMD is the increase in the structural period. Therefore, in this study, the effects of TMD on periods and mode shapes in simeterically reinforced concrete building model were investigated. For this, two models with and without TMD were created by the finite element method and modal parameters were compared. As a result of the data obtained, it has been observed that the building model makes more balanced displacements, as can be understood from the mode shapes, without increasing the period of the building to a dangerous level. It is known that TMD reduces the seismic effect by acting in the opposite direction to the seismic effect on the structure. Tuned mass damper can be used in structures, provided that it does not increase the structure period too much

Digoxin-like immunoreactive substance in renal failure [12]

PubMedID: 8072625[No abstract available

DIGOXIN-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVE SUBSTANCE IN RENAL-FAILURE

WOS: A1994NM82600029PubMed ID: 8072625