The CERN-Gran Sasso Neutrino Program

This paper reviews the current experimental program envisaged with the future CERN neutrino beam called CNGS. Two detectors, OPERA and ICARUS, are under preparation and should investigate the neutrino properties coming from the CNGS to shed light on neutrino oscillation physics.Comment: Invited talk at the Seventh International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics (TAU02), Santa Cruz, CA, USA, Sept 2002, 9 pages, LaTex, 9 eps figures. PSN tau02_th09; v2: added 1 reference in section 6 + corrected typos and minor grammatical change

Revivification of confinement resonances in the photoionization of AA@C60_{60} endohedral atoms far above thresholds

It is discovered theoretically that significant confinement resonances in an $nl$ photoionization of a \textit{multielectron} atom $A$ encaged in carbon fullerenes, A@C$_{60}$, may re-appear and be strong at photon energies far exceeding the $nl$ ionization threshold, as a general phenomenon. The reasons for this phenomenon are unraveled. The Ne $2p$ photoionization of the endohedral anion Ne@C$_{60}^{5-}$ in the photon energy region of about a thousand eV above the $2p$ threshold is chosen as case study.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure, Revtex

On lossy transmission of correlated sources over a multiple access channel

We study lossy communication of correlated sources over a multiple access channel. In particular, we provide a joint source-channel coding scheme for transmitting correlated sources with decoder side information, and study the conditions under which separate source and channel coding is optimal. For the latter, the encoders and/or the decoder have access to a common observation conditioned on which the two sources are independent. By establishing necessary and sufficient conditions, we show the optimality of separation when the encoders and the decoder both have access to the common observation. We also demonstrate that separation is optimal when only the encoders have access to the common observation whose lossless recovery is required at the decoder. As a special case, we study separation for sources with a common part. Our results indicate that side information can have significant impact on the optimality of source-channel separation in lossy transmission

High precision determination of the Q2Q^2-evolution of the Bjorken Sum

We present a significantly improved determination of the Bjorken Sum for 0.6$\leq Q^{2}\leq$4.8 GeV$^{2}$ using precise new $g_{1}^{p}$ and $g_{1}^{d}$ data taken with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. A higher-twist analysis of the $Q^{2}$-dependence of the Bjorken Sum yields the twist-4 coefficient $f_{2}^{p-n}=-0.064 \pm0.009\pm_{0.036}^{0.032}$. This leads to the color polarizabilities $\chi_{E}^{p-n}=-0.032\pm0.024$ and $\chi_{B}^{p-n}=0.032\pm0.013$. The strong force coupling is determined to be \alpha_{s}^{\overline{\mbox{ MS}}}(M_{Z}^{2})=0.1124\pm0.0061, which has an uncertainty a factor of 1.5 smaller than earlier estimates using polarized DIS data. This improvement makes the comparison between $\alpha_{s}$ extracted from polarized DIS and other techniques a valuable test of QCD.Comment: Published in Phys. Rev. D. V1: 8 pages, 3 figures. V2: Updated references; Included threshold matching in \alpha_s evolution. Corrected a typo on the uncertainty for \Lambda_QCD. V3: Published versio

Oligonucleotide delivery with cell surface binding and cell penetrating peptide amphiphile nanospheres

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A drug delivery system designed specifically for oligonucleotide therapeutics can ameliorate the problems associated with the in vivo delivery of these molecules. The internalization of free oligonudeotides is challenging, and cytotoxicity is the main obstacle for current transfection vehicles. To develop nontoxic delivery vehicles for efficient transfection of oligonudeotides, we designed a self-assembling peptide amphiphile (PA) nanosphere delivery system decorated with cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) containing multiple arginine residues (R-4 and R-8), and a cell surface binding peptide (KRSR), and report the efficiency of this system in delivering G-3129, a Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide (AON). PA/AON (peptide amphiphile/antisense oligonucleotide) complexes were characterized with regards to their size and secondary structure, and their cellular internalization efficiencies were evaluated. The effect of the number of arginine residues on the cellular internalization was investigated by both flow cytometry and confocal imaging, and the results revealed that uptake efficiency improved as the number of arginines in the sequence increased. The combined effect of cell penetration and surface binding property on the cellular internalization and its uptake mechanism was also evaluated by mixing R-8-PA and KRSR-PA. R-8 and R-8/KRSR decorated PAs were found to drastically increase the internalization of AONs compared to nonbioactive PA control. Overall, the KRSR-decorated self-assembled PA nanospheres were demonstrated to be noncytotoxic delivery vectors with high transfection rates and may serve as a promising delivery system for AONs

GIS AND FUZZY AHP BASED AREA SELECTION FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATIONS

Significant work is being done to protect the world and ecosystem. Innovative approaches are being explored to reduce the harm of the methods used to sustain life. Mobility is an essential issue that affects people and society in today's life. Automobiles are the most commonly used vehicle for mobility in private life and public service activities such as transportation. One of the important subjects that should be applied to environmentally sensitive methods is transportation. One of the major problems encountered today is the harmful effects of internal combustion motor vehicles. Electric vehicles are preferred because they work efficiently and with the least damaging effect on the environment. The location of electric vehicles is a complicated problem because it depends on many different factors. In this study, fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (Fuzzy AHP) as multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods and geographic information systems (GIS) to manage data which can be used for the location selection of electric vehicles charging stations are researched. The study area was determined by three neighboring districts boundaries city of Istanbul in Turkey

A retrospective evaluation of traumatic dental injury in children who applied to the dental hospital, Turkey

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze traumatic dental injuries in children visiting the dental hospital emergency department in Samsun of Turkey, in the period from 2007 to 2011.Materials and Methods: Data of age, gender, causes of dental trauma, injured teeth, type of dental injuries, the application period, the dental treatments, and traumatic dental injuries according to the seasons were obtained from the records at dental hospital.Results: Of all 320 patients with traumatic dental injury, 205 were boys and 115 were girls with a boys/girls ratio 1.78:1. Traumatic dental injury was observed more frequently in the 7.12 age groups: 52.5% in girls and 67.8% in boys. Falls are the major cause of traumatic dental injury in the age group 6.12 (51.4%). Sport activities are a common cause of traumatic dental injury in the 7.12 age group (34.2%). Patients visited a dentist within approximately 2 h (57.1%). The upper anterior teeth were subjected to trauma more frequently than the lower anterior teeth. The maxillary central incisors were the most commonly affected teeth, and the  mandibular canins were the least affected teeth. In primary teeth, avulsion was the most common type of dental injury (23%); on the other hand, enamel fractures were the most common type of dental injury (30.6%) observed in permanent teeth. In the primary dentition, the most commonly performed treatments were dental examination and prescribing (70%). The most common treatment choices in permanent teeth were restoration and dental examination (49.7 and 15.8%, respectively).Conclusion: The results of the study show that the emergency intervention to traumatized teeth is important for good prognosis of teeth and oral tissues. Therefore, the parents should be informed about dental trauma in schools, and dental hospital physicians should be subjected to postgraduate training.Key words: Classification, emergency treatment, teeth, traum