14 research outputs found

    Thrombophlebite cerebrale et drepanocytose SC : A propos d’un cas et revue de la litterature

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    Les auteurs rapportent un cas de thrombose veineuse cĂ©rĂ©brale chez une patiente de trente-sept ans drĂ©panocytaire SC, qui a prĂ©sentĂ© un Ă©tat confusionnel au dĂ©cours d’une hospitalisation pour fracture non dĂ©placĂ©e de la jambe droite. L’exploration de la patiente par scanner cĂ©rĂ©bral et par l’angioIRM cĂ©rĂ©brale a rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© une thrombose du sinus sagittal supĂ©rieur Les examens biologiques n’ont pas rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© aucun autre Ă©tat  hypercoagulable hĂ©rĂ©ditaire ou acquis. L’évolution a Ă©tĂ© favorable sous anticoagulation efficace par hĂ©parine de bas poids molĂ©culaire avec relais per os par rivaroxaban L’intĂ©rĂȘt de ce dossier rĂ©side dans la raretĂ© de cette observation en Afrique Noire, oĂč pourtant sĂ©vit la drĂ©panocytose. English Title: Cerebral venous thrombosis and sickle cell disease SC: Case report and literature reviewThe authors report a case of cerebral venous thrombosis in a thirty-seven-year-old sickle cell SC patient, who presented with a confusional state during hospitalization for a non-displaced fracture of the right leg. Exploration of the patient by cerebral CT and MRI brain angiography showed superior sagittal sinus thrombosis. Biological examinations did not reveal any other hereditary or acquired hypercoagulable condition. The evolution was favorable after effective anticoagulation by low molecular weight heparin with per os relay by rivaroxaban The interest of this file resides in the scarcity of this observation in Black Africa, where, however, sickle cell disease occur

    Cephalees primaires et qualite de vie de l’etudiant en medecine de l’Universite de Kara (Togo)

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    Introduction: Les cĂ©phalĂ©es constituent un problĂšme de santĂ© publique et une plainte frĂ©quente aussi bien en milieu professionnel, scolaire qu‘estudiantin.Objectif: DĂ©terminer le profil Ă©pidĂ©miologique et clinique des cĂ©phalĂ©es primaires de mĂȘme que leur impact sur la  qualitĂ© de vie des Ă©tudiants de mĂ©decine de l‘UniversitĂ© de Kara.Patients et MĂ©thode: Il s‘est agi d‘une Ă©tude descriptive et transversale du 27 au 29 novembre 2018 qui a portĂ© sur les Ă©tudiants de mĂ©decine de la FacultĂ© des Sciences de la SantĂ© de l‘UniversitĂ© de Kara.RĂ©sultats:La prĂ©valence des cĂ©phalĂ©es Ă©tait de 75,27% et l‘ñge moyen des Ă©tudiants concernĂ©s Ă©tait de 21,07 +/- 1,77 ans. Cette prĂ©valence sâ€˜Ă©levait avec le niveau dâ€˜Ă©tude allant de 60% en deuxiĂšme annĂ©e jusqu‘à 86,67% en quatriĂšme annĂ©e (Chi-2 = 6,0705 ; p ≀ 0,0481). Selon le sexe, 85% des femmes contre 72,26% des hommes en souffraient. La prĂ©valence de la migraine Ă©tait de 36,56% et celle des cĂ©phalĂ©es de tension (CT) Ă©tait de 21,50%. Quarante-sept pour cent des migraineux et 25% de ceux avec CT avaient trĂšs souvent un trouble de la concentration. La durĂ©e moyenne d‘absence due aux cĂ©phalĂ©es primaires au cours des trois derniers mois Ă©tait de 4,97 jours.Conclusion: L‘impact nĂ©gatif des cĂ©phalĂ©es sur la qualitĂ© de vie des Ă©tudiants nĂ©cessite une consultation spĂ©cialisĂ©e.   English title: Primary headaches and quality of life in medical students at Kara University (Togo) Background: Headache is a public health problem and a common complaint in both professional and academic settings. Aim: To determine the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary headaches and their impact on the quality of life of medical students at Kara University. Patients and Method: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study from 27 to 29 November 2018 that focused on medical students from the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kara. Results: The prevalence of headache was 75.27% and the average age of the students concerned was 21.07 +/- 1.77 years. This prevalence rose with the level of study ranging from 60% in second year to 86.67% in fourth year (Chi-2 = 6.0705, p ≀ 0.0481). By sex, 85% of girls and 72.26% of boys were suffering. The prevalence of migraine was 36.56% and that of tension-type headaches (TTH) was 21.50%. Forty-seven percent of students with migraine and 25% of those with TTH very often had a concentration disorder. The mean duration of absence due to primary headaches in the last three months was 4.97 days. Conclusion: The negative impact of primary headaches on the quality of life of medical students requires specialized consultation

    Encephalite limbique paraneoplasique, un syndrome mal connu : A propos d’un cas a Lome (Togo)

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    Introduction : Les encĂ©phalites limbiques pures sont des complications rares des cancers. Elles affectent aussi bien les hommes que les femmes. La tumeur associĂ©e est le plus souvent un cancer du poumon Ă  petites cellules.Cas clinique : Nous rapportons le cas d‘un patient de 78 ans, tabagique actif, hospitalisĂ© pour un trouble de comportement Ă  type d‘agressivitĂ© verbale avec propos incohĂ©rents dans un contexte d‘amaigrissement et d‘asthĂ©nie d‘aggravation progressive. L‘examen clinique retrouvait une amnĂ©sie antĂ©rograde avec des fabulations associĂ©es Ă  une adĂ©nopathie sus claviculaire droite. Les explorations paracliniques ont permis de retrouver un carcinome pulmonaire avec Ă  l‘IRM encĂ©phalique, un hypersignal T2 dans la rĂ©gion  hippocampique gauche permettant de poser le diagnostic d‘encĂ©phalite limbique paranĂ©oplasique. Lâ€˜Ă©volution sous chimiothĂ©rapie et radiothĂ©rapie a Ă©tĂ© favorable.Conclusion : L‘encĂ©phalite limbique paranĂ©oplasique constitue une entitĂ© rare et mĂ©rite d‘ĂȘtre suspectĂ©e au mĂȘme titre que les autres causes d‘encĂ©phalopathies. English title: Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, a badly known syndrome: A case report in LomĂ© (Togo) Background: Pure limbic encephalitides are unusual complications of cancers. Both men and women can be affected. The associated tumor is most often a small cell lung cancer.Case report: We reported the case of a 78-year-old patient who was an active tobacco addict. He was hospitalized for a behavioral disorder  like verbal aggression with incoherent speech in a context of progressive weight loss and asthenia. Clinical examination revealed anterograde amnesia with confabulations associated with right supraclavicular lymphadenopathy. Paraclinical explorations revealed a pulmonary carcinoma with at MRI, a T2 hypersignal in the left hippocampal region.Therefore, the diagnosis of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis has been made. The evolution with chemotherapy and radiotherapy was favorable.Conclusion: Limbic paraleoplastic encephalitis is a rare clinical entity and should be rouled out during a work-up for every case of encephalitis

    Opportunistes du VIH/SIDA en milieu hospitalier neurologique au Togo

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    IntroductionLa morbi-mortalitĂ© au cours du VIH/sida est souvent liĂ©e Ă  des infections opportunistes (IO)  neurologiques. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude est de dĂ©terminer en milieu hospitalier neurologique au Togo, les principales IO et celles qui sont liĂ©es Ă  un fort taux de lĂ©talitĂ©.MĂ©thodesIl s’agissait d’une Ă©tude descriptive transversale sur 12 mois rĂ©alisĂ©e dans le service de neurologie du CHU Campus de LomĂ© de janvier Ă  dĂ©cembre 2008. Les patients hospitalisĂ©s et prĂ©sentant une IO avec une sĂ©rologie VIH positive avaient Ă©tĂ© inclus. Le diagnostic des IO a Ă©tĂ© fondĂ© sur la clinique et/ou les examens disponibles. Les examens paracliniques tout comme les frais d’hospitalisation Ă©taient Ă  la charge des patients.RĂ©sultatsSur 940 patients hospitalisĂ©s, 360 (38%) ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une sĂ©rologie au VIH et 68 Ă©taient positifs soit 7% des hospitalisĂ©s. Au sein des patients vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH), nous avons notĂ© 66 cas d’IO (97% des PVVIH) et un taux de dĂ©cĂšs de 41% (28/68). Le dĂ©ficit neurologique focal, les cĂ©phalĂ©es et les crises convulsives Ă©taient les motifs d’admission les plus frĂ©quents. La toxoplasmose cĂ©rĂ©brale et la cryptococcose neuromĂ©ningĂ©e (CNM) Ă©taient les IO les plus frĂ©quentes touchant respectivement 54% et 10% des patients vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH). Le taux de lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©tait de 33% pour la toxoplasmose cĂ©rĂ©brale et de 28% pour la CNM.ConclusionLa CNM et la toxoplasmose cĂ©rĂ©brale sont les IO Ă  Ă©voquer en cas d’atteinte du systĂšme nerveux central chez le PVVIH

    SLA et VIH : Cas d’une patiente seropositive au VIH-1 et revue de la litterature

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    La SclĂ©rose LatĂ©rale Amyotrophique est une pathologie neuro dĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rative rare. Son association avec le VIH l‘est encore plus. Dans le but de dĂ©terminer l‘implication du VIH dans la survenue de la SLA, nous rapportons le cas d‘une patiente de 51 ans, sĂ©ropositive au VIH-1 qui a prĂ©sentĂ© une SLA Ă  dĂ©but spinal et qui est dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©e aprĂšs 30 mois dâ€˜Ă©volution malgrĂ© la prise en charge spĂ©cifique de la SLA et du VIH. Cette observation laisse persister une interrogation. Existerait-il un sous-type de VIH responsable du dĂ©clenchement de la SLA ? English title: ALS and HIV: A HIV-1 seropositive patient and literature review Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disease. Its association with HIV is even more so. In order to determine the involvement of HIV in the occurrence of ALS, we report the case of a 51-year-old female HIV-1 positive with spinal-onset ALS who died after 30 months despite the specific management of ALS and HIV. This observation leaves a question mark. Is there a subtype of HIV responsible for triggering ALS

    Wallenberg Syndrome secondary to bilateral vertebral artery dissection and thrombosis

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    The Wallenberg syndrome or lateral medullar syndrome (LMS) is also known as posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome. It‘s a  dangerous affection because of his gravity for vital prognostic by the paralysis of cranial nerves. Occlusion of these vessels may be due to stenosis from arteriosclerosis/emboli or arterial dissection. The artery dissection may be spontaneous or after trauma is an important and often treatable cause of the stroke in younger people. The Magnetic Resonance Imagine diffusion weighted inversion (MRI-DWI), the  Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) sequence FAT/SAT and the computed tomography (CT) angiography of the brain allow quickly to the diagnosis. The antithrombotic treatment (antiplatelet drug) and low-molecular weight heparins allow to reduce the neurological  sequelea. So we report two cases of Wallenberg‘s syndrome caused by spontaneous bilateral vertebral dissection and vertebral thrombosis and their clinical, prognostic and therapeutic aspects. A 34-years-old woman, no cardiopathy factors only obesity, no trauma, admitted for acute vomiting, vertigo, neck pain and weakness earlier in themorning and MRA FAT/SAT showedbilateral vertebral artery dissections without an evident posterolateral medulla infarct on MRI-DWI. A 48-year-old man, cumulated cardiopathy factors risks,  admitted with sudden vertigo, disequilibrium and neck pain. The MRI-DWI showed an acute left posterolateral medulla infarct and the CT angiography revealed thesevere left vertebral artery thrombosis. They were treated by the antithrombotic drugs (antiplatelet drugs) and low-molecular weight heparins. In front of a sudden neck pain and vertigo, think about Wallenberg‘s syndrome and do quickly an imaging. French title: Syndrome de Wallenberg secondaire a une thrombose et une dissection vertebrale bilateral

    PrĂ©valence De La Douleur Neuropathique Chez Des Patients Souffrant De Lomboradiculalgie Commune En Consultation Rhumatologique À LomĂ© (Togo)

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    Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with neuropathic pain in patients with non-specific low back pain. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from May to July 2016 in the Rheumatology, Neurology and Neurosurgery departments of Lome. The DN4 questionnaire was used for the diagnosis of neuropathic pain in the 200 patients with low back pain included in this study. Results: Of the 200 patients (147 women and 53 men) included in the study, neuropathic pain was present in 92 (46%). The average age of the 92 patients (67 women vs 25 men, p = 0.04) was 55.5 ± 12.4 years (women 55.2 ± 12.8 vs. men 54.6 ± 11.4, p = 0.5). The characteristics of neuropathic pain mainly found were: burning sensation (n = 67, 72.8%); electrical discharges (n = 64, 69.6%); tingling (n = 90; 97.8%); tickling (n = 57; 62%); numbness (n = 89; 96.7%); hypoesthesia (n = 52; 56.5%). Factors significantly associated with the presence of neuropathic pain in LBP were age (p = 0.005), duration of LBP (p = 0.04), high blood pressure (p = 0.001), radicular pain (p = 0.00002) and the past history of the LBP (0.000000). Conclusion: Neuropathic pain is common in patients with LBP at Lome. The duration of LBP, past history of LBP, previous NSAID use, BMI, pain severity and radicular pain appear to be predictive of the occurrence of these neuropathic pains

    Syndrome de Tolosa-Hunt (STH) a propros d’un cas.: Tolosa-hunt syndrome (ths) a case report.

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    Le syndrome de Tolosa-Hunt (STH) constitue une affection neuroophtalmologique rare. Il s’agit d’une ophtalmoplĂ©gie douloureuse unilatĂ©rale chronique le plus souvent due Ă  une inflammation du sinus caverneux. Le diagnostic de STH est cependant difficile et rĂ©pond Ă  des critĂšres cliniques, radiologiques prĂ©cis. La rĂ©gression spectaculaire des symptĂŽmes en quelques jours par la corticothĂ©rapie confirme le diagnostic malgrĂ© parfois la normalitĂ© de l’imagerie par rĂ©sonnance magnĂ©tique (IRM) cĂ©rĂ©brale.Les auteurs rapportent un cas de STH chez une patiente de 61 ans prĂ©sentant une ophtalmoplĂ©gie douloureuse partielle du nerf oculomoteur commun ayant rĂ©gressĂ© complĂštement en deux jours sous corticothĂ©rapie avec une IRM cĂ©rĂ©brale normale.ABSTRACTTolosa Hunt syndrome (THS) constitutes a rare neuro-ophtalmological affection. It is a chronic unilateral painful ophtalmoplegia often due to an inflammation of carvernous sinus. The diagnostic of THS is however difficult, and obeys to specific clinical and radiological criteria. The spectatacular regression of the symptoms in few days by corticotherapy confirms the diagnotic despite the normality of cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The authors report a case of THS in 61 years old patient admitted with a partial painful ophtalmoplegia of ocular motor commun nerve which regressed completly after two days of corticotherapy with normal cerebral MRI

    Syndrome cognitif aigu par occlusion de l’artere de percheron et limite du scanner : a propos d’un cas.: Acute cognitive syndrom caused by percheron artery occlusion and limit of scanner : a case report.

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    L’occlusion de l’ArtĂšre de Percheron (AP) entraĂźne un infarctus bithalamique. L’ischĂ©mie bithalamique bien que rare pourrait provoquer un tableau de troubles cognitifs aigus. Ce syndrome cognitif pourrait entrainer les erreurs diagnostique et thĂ©rapeutique du fait de la complexitĂ© anatomique et vasculaire du thalamus. Le scanner cĂ©rĂ©bral peut parfois ĂȘtre normal et l’imagerie par rĂ©sonance magnĂ©tique (IRM) permet de redresser le diagnostic. Nous rapportons un cas d’occlusion de l’artĂšre de Percheron (types II b) avec infarctus bithalamique rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© par un syndrome cognitif aigus et limite du scanner cĂ©rĂ©bral. ABSTRACT.Percheron artery occlusion causes bilateral thalamic infarct. The bilateral thalamic ischemia even if rare could provoke acute cognitives troubles. This cognitive syndrom has the potential to lead to diagnostic and therapeutic error due to the anatomic and vascular complex of the thalamus. The brain scanner can sometimes be normal and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows to diagnosis. We illustrate a case of Percheron arterial (type II b) occlusion with bilateral thalamic infarct manifested by acute cognitive syndrome and the limit of brain scanner
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