Mono-boratabenzene and phospholyl zirconocene(IV) derivatives : towards mixed heterocycles zirconocene complexes

In hopes of extending the existing knowledge on the chemistry of phospholyl and boratabenzene complexes of zirconium, which have shown potential notably as polymerization catalysts, this study aims at exploring the synthesis of mono boratabenzene and mono phospholyl zirconium complexes and at studying their reactivity towards the formation of mixed (boratabenzene)(phospholyl)zirconium complexes. Several derivatives of (η5-phospholyl)Zr(NMe2)xCl3−x and (η6-boratabenzene-NMe2)Zr(NMe2)xCl3−x were synthesized and used as precursors for the formation of mixed (boratabenzene)(phospholyl)zirconium complexes

The Contributions of the neo- institutionalism to Public Policy Analysis

Con la crisis del modelo secuencial, abierta en la década de 1980, se han multiplicado los enfoques teóricos de análisis de políticas públicas. En la actualidad, tres paradigmas dominan el campo de estudio: el racionalista, el cognitivista y el neo-institucionalista. El texto presentado aquí presenta los avances conceptuales y metodológicos del neo-institucionalismo, que analizan las políticas públicas como variables dependientes. Nos preocupamos por la manera en la cual estas tesis analizan el rol del Estado en las políticas públicas. Nos preguntamos en primer lugar en qué medida y por qué el neo-institucionalismo es susceptible de sustituirse al paradigma racionalista, dominante hasta medianos de los años 1980, para explicar la importancia de las instituciones en el proceso político. Analizamos en particular el aporte más reciente de la teoría de la elección racional al análisis de políticas públicas y en qué medida este enfoque se distancia del paradigma racionalista para incorporarse al neo-institucionalista.With the crisis of sequential model, opened in the 1980s, there have been many theoretical approachesto public policy analysis. Currently, three paradigms dominate the field of study: the rationalist, thecognitive and the neo-institutionalist. The text presented here presents the conceptual andmethodological advances of neo-institutionalism, which analyse public policies as dependentvariables. We care about the way in which this thesis analysed the state's role in public policy. Wefirst ask how and why the neo-institutionalism is likely to be replaced by rational, dominant paradigmthrough early 1980, to explain the importance of institutions in the political process. We analyse inparticular the latest contribution of rational choice theory to the analysis of public policies and towhat extent this approach distance of the rationalist paradigm to join the neo-institutionalist

Los conflictos ambientales por petróleo y la incidencia del movimiento ambientalista en el Ecuador

Las actividades petroleras han generado muchos conflictos ambientales en la Amazonía ecuatoriana, unos muy polarizados y hasta violentos, otros de baja intensidad o latentes, que han llevado a acciones directas o a conflictos abiertos. En este artículo recordaremos, en primer lugar cómo estos conflictos fueron estrechamente vinculados con la organización del movimiento ecologista en la década del noventa. Luego mostraremos que los conflictos del centro y sur de la Amazonía presentan rasgos particulares, que atañen más a la defensa territorial que a la preservación del medio ambiente. Mencionaremos en tercer lugar la evolución de los conflictos de las provincias Sucumbíos y Orellana, de reivindicaciones ambientales hacia otras más bien sociales. Finalmente analizaremos la evolución reciente del movimiento ecologista, en los conflictos relacionados con el parque nacional Yasuní

Évaluation de la plateforme de formation en ligne MOTIV@CŒUR sur les interventions motivationnelles brèves auprès d’infirmières en soins aigus cardiovasculaires

Dans un contexte de prévention secondaire, les interventions motivationnelles brèves (IMB) effectuées par les infirmières ont le potentiel de réduire les facteurs de risque cardiovasculaires. De par sa flexibilité, la formation en ligne s’impose aujourd’hui comme une méthode pédagogique essentielle au développement des habiletés cliniques des professionnels de la santé. Le but de ce projet était d’évaluer la faisabilité, l’acceptabilité et l’effet préliminaire d’une plateforme de formation en ligne sur les IMB (MOTIV@CŒUR) sur les habiletés perçues et l’utilisation clinique des IMB chez des infirmières en soins cardiovasculaires. Pour ce faire, une étude pilote pré-post à groupe unique a été menée. MOTIV@CŒUR est composée de deux sessions d’une durée totale de 50 minutes incluant des vidéos d’interactions infirmière-patient. Dans chaque session, une introduction théorique aux IMB est suivie de situations cliniques dans lesquelles une infirmière évalue la motivation à changer et intervient selon les principes des IMB. Les situations ciblent le tabagisme, la non-adhérence au traitement médicamenteux, la sédentarité et une alimentation riche en gras et en sel. Il était suggéré aux infirmières de compléter les deux sessions de formation en ligne en moins de 20 jours. Les données sur la faisabilité, l'acceptabilité et les effets préliminaires (habiletés perçues et utilisation clinique auto-rapportée des IMB) ont été recueillies à 30 jours (± 5 jours) après la première session. Nous avons recruté 27 femmes et 4 hommes (âge moyen 37 ans ± 9) en mars 2016. Vingt-quatre des 31 participants (77%) ont terminé les deux sessions de formation en moins de 20 jours. À un mois suite à l’entrée dans l’étude, 28 des 31 participants avaient complété au moins une session. Un haut niveau d’acceptabilité a été observé vu les scores élevés quant à la qualité de l'information, la facilité d'utilisation perçue et la qualité de la plateforme MOTIV@CŒUR. Le score d'utilisation clinique auto-rapporté des interventions visant la confiance était plus élevé après les deux sessions qu’avant les sessions (P = .032). Bien que tous les scores fussent plus élevés après les deux sessions qu’au début, les autres résultats n’étaient pas statistiquement significatifs. En conclusion, l’implantation d’une plateforme de formation en ligne sur les IMB est à la fois faisable et acceptable auprès d’infirmières en soins aigus cardiovasculaires. De plus, une telle formation peut avoir un effet positif sur l'utilisation clinique d’interventions motivationnelles visant la confiance face au changement de comportement de santé.Nursing interventions that target motivation to adopt healthy behaviors, such as brief motivational interviewing (MI), can help reduce cardiovascular risk factors. While face-to-face MI training lacks accessibility, e-learning use for MI training is promising because of the flexibility it offers. The objective was to assess the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effect of a web-based e-learning platform for brief MI (MOTIV@CŒUR) on cardiovascular nurses’ clinical use and perceived skill in brief MI. A single group pre-post pilot study was conducted to evaluate MOTIV@CŒUR with nurses working in a coronary care unit. The web-based e-learning platform consists of two sessions with a total duration of 50 minutes based on videos of nurse-patient interactions. In each session, a theoretical introduction of brief MI is followed by role playing based on real life clinical situations in which a nurse practitioner evaluates patients’ motivation to change, and intervenes according to the principles of brief MI. The clinical situations target smoking, medication adherence, physical activity and diet. Nurses were asked to complete both training sessions online within 20 days. Data on feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects (perceived skills in brief MI and self-reported clinical use of conviction and confidence interventions) were collected at 30 days (± 5 days) following the first session. We enrolled 27 women and 4 men (mean age 37 ± 9) in March 2016. Twenty-four out of 31 participants (77%) completed both sessions in less than 20 days, and at one month, 28 had completed at least one session. The training was found highly acceptable, with information quality, perceived ease of use, and system quality scoring the highest. The score of self-reported clinical use of confidence interventions was higher after the two sessions than before the sessions (P = .032). While all scores increased from baseline, other results were not statistically significant. In conclusion, the implementation of a web-based e-learning platform for brief MI is both feasible and acceptable among cardiovascular care nurses. Moreover, it can have a positive effect on self-reported clinical use of confidence interventions towards health behaviour change

Geometric Modelling and Deformation for Shape Optimization of Ship Hulls and Appendages

International audienceThe precise control of geometric models plays an important role in many domains such as computer-aided geometric design and numerical simulation. For shape optimization in computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the choice of control parameters and the way to deform a shape are critical.In this article, we describe a skeleton-based representation of shapes adapted for CFD simulation and automatic shape optimization. Instead of using the control points of a classic B-spline representation, we control the geometry in terms of architectural parameters. We assure valid shapeswith a strong shape consistency control. Deformations of the geometry are performed by solving optimization problems on the skeleton. Finally, a surface reconstruction method is proposed to evaluate the shape's performances with CFD solvers. We illustrate the approach on two problems: thefoil of an AC45 racing sail boat and the bulbous bow of a fishing trawler. For each case, we obtained a set of shape deformations and then we evaluated and analyzed the performances of the different shapes with CFD computations

Synthesis of a 1-boratabenzene-(2,3,4,5-tetramethylphosphole) : towards a planar monophosphole

Novel boratabenzene–phosphole complexes have been prepared and structurally characterized. The electronic communication between the two heterocyclic rings linked by a P–B bond and the aromaticity of these systems were probed using crystallographic and density functional studies

Reactivity of a Functionalized Trisamido Ligand with Zr(NMe2)4 and GaMe3

NMR study of the reactivity of multifunctional ligand cis,cis-C6H9(NHCH2C6H4-o-PPh2)3 (1) with GaMe3 and Zr(NMe2)4 was carried out, yielding [cis,cis-(κN-NHCH2C6H4-o-PPh2)(κN-NCH2C6H4-o-PPh2)2C6H9]GaMe (2) and [cis,cis-(NCH2C6H4-o-PPh2)3C6H9]Ga2Me3 (3), and [cis,cis-(NCH2C6H4-o-PPh2)3C6H9]Zr(NMe2) (4), respectively. The spectral properties of 2 and 3 are very similar to that observed for the equivalent aluminum species already reported, but form at a much slower rate which allows for the observation of a GaMe3⋅1 adduct. Species 4 undergoes coordination/displacement of one of the phosphine arms, which was observed using both NMR spectroscopy and DFT analyses

Scoring methods in script concordance tests : an exploratory psychometric study

BACKGROUND:Despite the increasingly popular role of script concordance test (SCT) scoring methods in the evaluation of clinical reasoning, studies examining these methods in nursing are relatively scarce. This study explored the psychometric properties of five SCT scoring methods. METHOD:An SCT was administered to 12 experts and 43 learners. Scores were calculated using five methods and descriptive statistics. Differences in scores were assessed with the Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated for the different methods. RESULTS:The median scores of both experts and learners differed substantially according to the scoring method used. Learners' scores were statistically different from experts' scores (p < .01) for each method. Spearman coefficients (range, 0.44 to 0.95) were positive for the different methods. CONCLUSION:Further research is needed to refine the influence of SCT scoring methods for use in certifying assessment of clinical reasoning in nursing. [J Nurs Educ. 2023;62(10):549–555.

How resource nationalism hinders development: the institutional roots of the economic recession in Venezuela

How do institutions allow governments to manage dramatic variations of oil rents, and how do these variations impact public institutions is the twofold problem addressed here. We contend that high dependence on oil combined with low political accountability increases the economic vulnerability to external shocks. We sustain our argument with the analysis of the fiscal policies implemented in Venezuela under the administration of Hugo Chávez (1999-2012). A process tracing methodology focuses on the policy design of fiscal policies through the selection of instruments embedded in the Public Finance Management system (PFM), using a typology of the state´s resources of information, authority, treasure and organization. During this period, the constitutionalization of the resource nationalism acted as a trigger to change fiscal policies through four major reforms including the creation of a highly centralized PFM, the takeover of the Central Bank, the reform of oil legal framework and the takeover of the national oil company, PDVSA. All of these reforms converged towards the elimination and/or manipulation of the instruments of political accountability, allowing discretional management of oil rents and hampering the government´s capacity to react to the oil price plunge, which ultimately led to the current economic recessionEste artigo analisa a forma como as instituições possibilitam aos governos enfrentarem grandes variações de receitas de petróleo e como esses fatores afetam as instituições públicas. Argumentamos que uma alta dependência do petróleo, combinada com baixa responsabilidade política resulta em maior vulnerabilidade a choques externos. Amparamos na análise da política fiscal implementada na administração de Hugo Chavez (1999-2012). O processo de monitoramento se concentra no desenho de políticas públicas para a selecção dos instrumentos que constituem o sistema de Gestão das Finanças Públicas (GFP) através de uma tipologia de recursos estatais de informação, autoridade e organização do tesouro. Durante este processo, a regulação constitucional do nacionalismo extractiva agiu como o gatilho para a mudança na política fiscal, através de quatro entidades que incluem a criação de um sistema de GFP altamente centralizado, o controle do Banco Central, a reforma do regulamento de petróleo, e controle da empresa petrolífera nacional PdVSA. Estas reformas convergiram para a eliminação ou a manipulação dos instrumentos de prestação de contas, o que levou a gestão discricionária das receitas do petróleo e afetou a capacidade do governo de reagir ao colapso dos preços do petróleo, culminando na atual recessão econômica.Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, v. 67, n. 4, p. 671-696Administração PúblicaISSN eletrônico: 2357-8017ISSN impresso: 0034-924