Relação entre a condição corporal na época do parto, a diminuição de espessura de toucinho e de peso corporal durante a lactação e o intervalo desmama-cio em fêmeas suínas

The main objectives of this study were to verify the relationship among body condition at parturition, decrease of backfat thickness and weight during the lactation and the interval from weaning to oestrus of sows. It was performed with 10 gilts and 10 fifth, sixth and seventh parity Camborough sows. The average breeding age and weight of the gilts were respectively 231 days and 149.5 kg. During lactation all females were fed a wet diet (3.34 Mcal/kg, 17% CP), ad libitum. The average daily food consumption was 5.233 for gilts and 5.721 kg for multiparous sows. Ultrasonic measurements of backfat at the P2 site were recorded on day 6 before and days 2, 7, 14, 21 and 25 after parturition. Body weight was recorded on the same dates, except the day before parturition. Sows were divided into 2 groups according to their backfat thickness 6 days before parturition. Sows with a backfat thickness of 16 mm or less were assigned to the L-group, while those with a backfat thickness more than 16 mm were assigned to the H-group. After weaning, the interval from weaning to oestrus was recorded. The percentage of total weight loss during lactation was slightly higher (not significant) in the H-group (-4.26%) than in the L-group (-2.64%). The percentage of backfat thickness decreased in both groups from 6 days before parturition until day 25 of lactation, but the decrease was highest in the H-group (p < 0.03). The weaning-oestrus interval did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. In conclusion: there was no correlation between percentage of weight loss (total) and weaning to oestrus interval, or percentage of backfat thickness loss (total or by periods) and weaning-oestrus interval, or percentage of weight loss (total or by periods) and percentage of backfat thickness loss (total or by periods). On the other hand, there was a significant positive correlation between weaning-oestrus interval and percentage of weight loss during the third week of lactation.Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre a condição corporal na época do parto, a diminuição da espessura de toucinho e de peso corporal durante a lactação e o intervalo desmama-cio em fêmeas suínas. Vinte porcas Camborough, sendo 10 marrãs e 10 porcas adultas com a ordem de parto variando entre o 5º, 6º e 7º partos, foram divididas em dois grupos experimentais seis dias antes do parto previsto. A média de idade e de peso das marrãs por ocasião da cobertura foi de 231 dias e 149,5 kg, respectivamente. Durante a lactação, os animais foram alimentados com ração lactação molhada, à vontade (3,34 Mcal/kg e 17% PB). O consumo médio de ração foi de 5,233 kg para as marrãs e de 5,721 kg para as porcas. O grupo-H constituído de 11 fêmeas com espessura de toucinho sobre o ponto P2 superior a 16 mm, e o grupo-L de 9 fêmeas com espessura de toucinho igual ou inferior a 16 mm. As mensurações de espessura do toucinho sobre o ponto P2 foram feitas 6 dias antes do parto e 2, 7, 14, 21 e 25 dias após o parto. O peso corporal foi mensurado nas mesmas datas, com exceção da data antes do parto. Foi observado o intervalo desmama-cio de cada animal. A porcentagem de perda de peso durante a lactação foi ligeiramente maior (não-significativa) no grupo-H (-4,26%) do que no grupo-L (-2,64%). A porcentagem total de espessura de toucinho diminuiu nos dois grupos, entretanto foi maior no grupo-H (p < 0,03). O intervalo desmama-cio não diferiu entre os dois grupos. Não se observou correlação entre a porcentagem total de diminuição de peso e o intervalo desmama-cio, ou entre a porcentagem de diminuição de espessura de toucinho (total e por períodos) e o intervalo desmama-cio, ou entre a porcentagem de diminuição de peso (total e por períodos) e a porcentagem de diminuição de espessura de toucinho (total e por períodos) Entretanto, existiu correlação positiva entre o intervalo desmama-cio e a porcentagem de diminuição de peso na terceira semana de lactação

Salmonella clinical isolates from Brazilian pig herds: genetic relationship and antibiotic resistance profiling

In Brazil, since 2011 clinical cases of salmonellosis has been increasing substantially. Nevertheless, few information is available about the antimicrobial profile, distribution, serotypes and genetic relationship among the strains. The objectives of this study were: to identify the Salmonella serotypes, to characterize the in vitro antimicrobial resistance profiles and to determine the genetic relationship of clinical isolates in Brazil. During 2016, clinical isolates of Salmonella (111) from nine States were sent to Embrapa Swine and Poultry for complementary analysis. First, isolates were serotyped by Kauffmann White Scheme. In parallel, the strains were tested against fifteen antimicrobials by disk diffusion method and genotyping was performed by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) using the XbaI restriction enzyme. As expected, the main serovars found were Typhimurium and Choleraesuis. Four strains showed resistance to only one antimicrobial and 76.5% (85/111) were considered multi-resistant. The highest level of resistance was found against to tetracycline. More than 80% of the strains were susceptible to fosfomycin, lincomycin/spectinomycin and norfloxacin. It was possible to identify one major Choleraesuis clonal group present in different Brazilian States. Further, several small clonal groups were obtained for Typhimurium. In conclusion, clinical salmonellosis caused by Typhimurium and Choleraesuis is endemic in pig production areas and the majority of the strains are multi-resistant

MarinEye - A tool for marine monitoring

This work presents an autonomous system for marine integrated physical-chemical and biological monitoring – the MarinEye system. It comprises a set of sensors providing diverse and relevant information for oceanic environment characterization and marine biology studies. It is constituted by a physicalchemical water properties sensor suite, a water filtration and sampling system for DNA collection, a plankton imaging system and biomass assessment acoustic system. The MarinEye system has onboard computational and logging capabilities allowing it either for autonomous operation or for integration in other marine observing systems (such as Observatories or robotic vehicles. It was designed in order to collect integrated multi-trophic monitoring data. The validation in operational environment on 3 marine observatories: RAIA, BerlengasWatch and Cascais on the coast of Portugal is also discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio