IV Encuentro Internacional de Investigación de Genero : cultura, sociedad y política en perspectiva de género

En los días 12, 13 y 14 del mes de Mayo del año 2016 tuvo lugar en la Uni- versidad Nacional de Lujan – Argentina, el IV Encuentro Internacional de  Investigación de Genero. Este evento, estuvo convocado  por el consorcio de Universidades mexicanas-argentinas integrado por las siguientes instituciones: Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro; Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero; Universidad Tecnológica de Querétaro; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México; Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas; Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala; Universidad Nacional de Luján; Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Su organización, estuvo a cargo del Área de la Mujer (PEMyG) del Departamento de Ciencias Sociales y las Carreras de Posgrado de Especialización y Maestría en Estudios de las Mujeres y de Género de la Universidad Nacional de Luján. Los ejes conceptuales para reflexionar y orientar la presentación de las producciones científicas fueron:• Las mujeres y la cultura material y simbólica • Las mujeres en la vida social. • Las mujeres y la política. En el IV Encuentro, participaron investigadoras/es de múltiples disciplinas, tales como: sociología, educación, literatura, medicina, historia, psicología, derecho, entre otras

Personality Identification from Social Media Using Deep Learning: A Review

Social media helps in sharing of ideas and information among people scattered around the world and thus helps in creating communities, groups, and virtual networks. Identification of personality is significant in many types of applications such as in detecting the mental state or character of a person, predicting job satisfaction, professional and personal relationship success, in recommendation systems. Personality is also an important factor to determine individual variation in thoughts, feelings, and conduct systems. According to the survey of Global social media research in 2018, approximately 3.196 billion social media users are in worldwide. The numbers are estimated to grow rapidly further with the use of mobile smart devices and advancement in technology. Support vector machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), Multilayer perceptron neural network, and convolutional neural network (CNN) are some of the machine learning techniques used for personality identification in the literature review. This paper presents various studies conducted in identifying the personality of social media users with the help of machine learning approaches and the recent studies that targeted to predict the personality of online social media (OSM) users are reviewed

An Extragenital Colonic Salpingiosis.

Endosalpingiosis is a rare condition characterized by the presence of benign fallopian tubal-like glandular epithelium derived from Mullerian ducts, usually affecting the serosal surfaces of the pelvis and peritoneum. It is histologically differentiated from endometriosis as endosalpingiosis lacks endometrial stroma. Endosalpingiosis tends to affect older women and has been associated with ovarian serous tumors of low malignant potential. The extragenital endosalpingosis is typically without symptoms, reported only once as chronic pelvic pain. It rarely affects the appendix but can be mistaken for acute appendicitis or appendiceal tumors. No reports of endoscopic findings have been never described. Its treatment is challenging and provides a multidisciplinary approach with gynecologist, surgeon and gastrointestinal endoscopist. Our case reports for the first time an endoscopic finding of colonic salpingiosis and it is challenging both for the diagnosis and for the treatment

ERA POST-GENÓMICA PARA EL DESARROLLO DE NUEVOS BIOCATALIZADORES

En la actualidad, la biología molecular moderna experimenta un aumento hacia enfoques "-ómicas», y, en particular, la genómica y la (meta) genómica como herramientas emergentes para el estudio de genes que codifican las enzimas a nivel de microorganismos individuales y comunidades imposibles de cultivar y, microorganismos sin explorar hasta ahora. Durante los últimos años, hemos visto enormes avances en nuestra capacidad para aislar microbios y analizar los genomas individuales, y la información proporcionada por estas secuencias es bastante sorprendente en lo que respecta a descifrar nuevas enzimas con nuevas actividades. Los métodos moleculares, en particular, (meta) genómica, se aplican ampliamente para caracterizar nuevos biocatalizadores. La (meta) genómica es la aplicación de modernas técnicas de la genómica al estudio de las comunidades de organismos microbianos directamente en sus ambientes naturales, evitando la necesidad de aislamiento y cultivo en el laboratorio de las especies individuales. Desde entonces, la (meta) genómica ha revolucionado la biotecnología desviando el interés lejos de cepas microbianas individuales hacia el 99% de las especies microbianas que actualmente se estima no se puede cultivar. Analizaremos las diferentes estrategias para aislar nuevas enzimas y como la aplicación directa de la (meta) genómica sobre las comunidades microbianas y sus enzimas revierte en una amplia gama de aplicaciones biomédicas, industriales y ambientales

Reverse Engineering of an Aspirin-Responsive Transcriptional Regulator in Escherichia coli

Bacterial transcription factors (TFs) are key devices for the engineering of complex circuits in many biotechnological applications, yet there are few well-characterized inducer-responsive TFs that could be used in the context of an animal or human host. We have deciphered the inducer recognition mechanism of two AraC/XylS regulators from Pseudomonas putida (BenR and XylS) for creating a novel expression system responsive to acetyl salicylate (i.e., aspirin). Using protein homology modeling and molecular docking with the cognate inducer benzoate and a suite of chemical analogues, we identified the conserved binding pocket of BenR and XylS. By means of site-directed mutagenesis, we identified a single amino acid position required for efficient inducer recognition and transcriptional activation. Whereas this modification in BenR abolishes protein activity, in XylS, it increases the response to several inducers, including acetyl salicylic acid, to levels close to those achieved by the canonical inducer. Moreover, by constructing chimeric proteins with swapped N-terminal domains, we created novel regulators with mixed promoter and inducer recognition profiles. As a result, a collection of engineered TFs was generated with an enhanced response to benzoate, 3-methylbenzoate, 2-methylbenzoate, 4-methylbenzoate, salicylic acid, aspirin, and acetylsalicylic acid molecules for eliciting gene expression in E. coli.Fil: Monteiro, Lummy Maria Oliveira. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Arruda, Leticia Magalhães. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Sanches Medeiros, Ananda. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Martins Santana, Leonardo. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Alves, Luana de Fátima. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Defelipe, Lucas Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Turjanski, Adrian Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Guazzaroni, Mara Eugenia. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: de Lorenzo, Victor. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología; EspañaFil: Silva Rocha, Rafael. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasi

Novel Ethanol- and 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural-Stimulated β-Glucosidase Retrieved From a Brazilian Secondary Atlantic Forest Soil Metagenome

Beta-glucosidases are key enzymes involved in lignocellulosic biomass degradation for bioethanol production, which complete the final step during cellulose hydrolysis by converting cellobiose into glucose. Currently, industry requires enzymes with improved catalytic performance or tolerance to process-specific parameters. In this sense, metagenomics has become a powerful tool for accessing and exploring the biochemical biodiversity present in different natural environments. Here, we report the identification of a novel β-glucosidase from metagenomic DNA isolated from soil samples enriched with decaying plant matter from a Secondary Atlantic Forest region. For this, we employed a functional screening approach using an optimized and synthetic broad host-range vector for library production. The novel β-glucosidase – named Lfa2 – displays three GH3-family conserved domains and conserved catalytic amino acids D283 and E487. The purified enzyme was most active in pH 5.5 and at 50°C, and showed hydrolytic activity toward several pNP synthetic substrates containing β-glucose, β-galactose, β-xylose, β-fucose, and α-arabinopyranose, as well as toward cellobiose. Lfa2 showed considerable glucose tolerance, exhibiting an IC50 of 300 mM glucose and 30% of remaining activity in 600 mM glucose. In addition, Lfa2 retained full or slightly enhanced activity in the presence of several metal ions. Further, β-glucosidase activity was increased by 1.7-fold in the presence of 10% (v/v) ethanol, a concentration that can be reached in conventional fermentation processes. Similarly, Lfa2 showed 1.7-fold enhanced activity at high concentrations of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, one of the most important cellulase inhibitors in pretreated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates. Moreover, the synergistic effect of Lfa2 on Bacillus subtilis GH5-CBM3 endoglucanase activity was demonstrated by the increased production of glucose (1.6-fold). Together, these results indicate that β-glucosidase Lfa2 is a promissory enzyme candidate for utilization in diverse industrial applications, such as cellulosic biomass degradation or flavor enhancement in winemaking and grape processing

Biochemical diversity of carboxyl esterases and lipases from Lake Arreo (Spain): a metagenomic approach

The esterases and lipases from the α/β hydrolase superfamily exhibit an enormous sequence diversity, fold plasticity, and activities. Here, we present the comprehensive sequence and biochemical analyses of seven distinct esterases and lipases from the metagenome of Lake Arreo, an evaporite karstic lake in Spain (42°46=N, 2°59=W; altitude, 655 m). Together with oligonucleotide usage patterns and BLASTP analysis, our study of esterases/lipases mined from Lake Arreo suggests that its sediment contains moderately halophilic and cold-adapted proteobacteria containing DNA fragments of distantly related plasmids or chromosomal genomic islands of plasmid and phage origins. This metagenome encodes esterases/lipases with broad substrate profiles (tested over a set of 101 structurally diverse esters) and habitat-specific characteristics, as they exhibit maximal activity at alkaline pH (8.0 to 8.5) and temperature of 16 to 40°C, and they are stimulated (1.5 to 2.2 times) by chloride ions (0.1 to 1.2 M), reflecting an adaptation to environmental conditions. Our work provides further insights into the potential significance of the Lake Arreo esterases/lipases for biotechnology processes (i.e., production of enantiomers and sugar esters), because these enzymes are salt tolerant and are active at low temperatures and against a broad range of substrates. As an example, the ability of a single protein to hydrolyze triacylglycerols, (non)halogenated alkyl and aryl esters, cinnamoyl and carbohydrate esters, lactones, and chiral epoxides to a similar extent was demonstrated.We gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (project CSD2007-00005), the European Community project MAGICPAH (FP7-KBBE-2009-245226), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and the Government of Canada through Genome Canada, Ontario Genomics Institute, and Ontario Research Fund (2009-OGI-ABC-1405 and ORF-GL2-01-004). M.-E.G. thanks the CSIC for a JAE fellowship.Peer Reviewe

Mining Novel Constitutive Promoter Elements in Soil Metagenomic Libraries in Escherichia coli

Although functional metagenomics has been widely employed for the discovery of genes relevant to biotechnology and biomedicine, its potential for assessing the diversity of transcriptional regulatory elements of microbial communities has remained poorly explored. Here, we experimentally mined novel constitutive promoter sequences in metagenomic libraries by combining a bi-directional reporter vector, high-throughput fluorescence assays and predictive computational methods. Through the expression profiling of fluorescent clones from two independent soil sample libraries, we have analyzed the regulatory dynamics of 260 clones with candidate promoters as a set of active metagenomic promoters in the host Escherichia coli. Through an in-depth analysis of selected clones, we were able to further explore the architecture of metagenomic fragments and to report the presence of multiple promoters per fragment with a dominant promoter driving the expression profile. These approaches resulted in the identification of 33 novel active promoters from metagenomic DNA originated from very diverse phylogenetic groups. The in silico and in vivo analysis of these individual promoters allowed the generation of a constitutive promoter consensus for exogenous sequences recognizable by E. coli in metagenomic studies. The results presented here demonstrates the potential of functional metagenomics for exploring environmental bacterial communities as a source of novel regulatory genetic parts to expand the toolbox for microbial engineering

Taxonomic and functional metagenomic profiling of the microbial community in the anoxic sediment of a sub-saline Shallow Lake (Laguna de Carrizo, Central Spain)

The phylogenetic and functional structure of the microbial community residing in a Ca2+-rich anoxic sediment of a sub-saline shallow lake (Laguna de Carrizo, initially operated as a gypsum (CaSO4 × 2 H2O) mine) was estimated by analyzing the diversity of 16S rRNA amplicons and a 3.1 Mb of consensus metagenome sequence. The lake has about half the salinity of seawater and possesses an unusual relative concentration of ions, with Ca2+ and SO 4 2- being dominant. The 16S rRNA sequences revealed a diverse community with about 22% of the bacterial rRNAs being less than 94.5% similar to any rRNA currently deposited in GenBank. In addition to this, about 79% of the archaeal rRNA genes were mostly related to uncultured Euryarchaeota of the CCA47 group, which are often associated with marine and oxygen-depleted sites. Sequence analysis of assembled genes revealed that 23% of the open reading frames of the metagenome library had no hits in the database. Among annotated genes, functions related to (thio) sulfate and (thio) sulfonate-reduction and iron-oxidation, sulfur-oxidation, denitrification, synthrophism, and phototrophic sulfur metabolism were found as predominant. Phylogenetic and biochemical analyses indicate that the inherent physical–chemical characteristics of this habitat coupled with adaptation to anthropogenic activities have resulted in a highly efficient community for the assimilation of polysulfides, sulfoxides, and organosulfonates together with nitro-, nitrile-, and cyanide-substituted compounds. We discuss that the relevant microbial composition and metabolic capacities at Laguna de Carrizo, likely developed as an adaptation to thrive in the presence of moderate salinity conditions and potential toxic bio-molecules, in contrast with the properties of previously known anoxic sediments of shallow lakes.This research was supported by the Spanish CSD2007-00005 project and FEDER funds. M-E.G. thanks the CSIC for a JAE fellowship.Peer Reviewe

Biochemical diversity of carboxyl Esterases and Lipases from Lake Arreo (Spain) : a metagenomic approach

The esterases and lipases from the / hydrolase superfamily exhibit an enormous sequence diversity, fold plasticity, and activities. Here, we present the comprehensive sequence and biochemical analyses of seven distinct esterases and lipases from the metagenome of Lake Arreo, an evaporite karstic lake in Spain (42°46=N, 2°59=W; altitude, 655 m). Together with oligonucleotide usage patterns and BLASTP analysis, our study of esterases/lipases mined from Lake Arreo suggests that its sediment contains moderately halophilic and cold-adapted proteobacteria containing DNA fragments of distantly related plasmids or chromosomal genomic islands of plasmid and phage origins. This metagenome encodes esterases/lipases with broad substrate profiles (tested over a set of 101 structurally diverse esters) and habitat-specific characteristics, as they exhibit maximal activity at alkaline pH (8.0 to 8.5) and temperature of 16 to 40°C, and they are stimulated (1.5 to 2.2 times) by chloride ions (0.1 to 1.2 M), reflecting an adaptation to environmental conditions. Our work provides further insights into the potential significance of the Lake Arreo esterases/lipases for biotechnology processes (i.e., production of enantiomers and sugar esters), because these enzymes are salt tolerant and are active at low temperatures and against a broad range of substrates. As an example, the ability of a single protein to hydrolyze triacylglycerols, (non)halogenated alkyl and aryl esters, cinnamoyl and carbohydrate esters, lactones, and chiral epoxides to a similar extent was demonstrated.The Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (project CSD2007-00005), the European Community project MAGICPAH (FP7-KBBE-2009-245226), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and the Government of Canada through Genome Canada, Ontario Genomics Institute, and Ontario Research Fund (2009-OGI-ABC-1405 and ORF-GL2-01-004). M.-E.G. thanks the CSIC for a JAE fellowship.http://aem.asm.org/am201