How Do We Treat Eating Disorder?

Eating Disorder is a mental health disability that affects an individual’s physical and mental health. There are different types of eating disorder: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, pica, rumination, orthorexia and etc. The earliest documentation of an eating disorder diagnosis occurred between 12th and 13th century, since then, the number of cases for this illness continues to grow (Deans, 2011). A common misconception about eating disorder is that only women suffer from this illness, however, there were documented cases of men suffering from this disorder since 1888 (Strother, 2012). There are multiple treatments offered in order to reduce and abolish people’s eating disorder.https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/fsrs2018/1004/thumbnail.jp

Immunocytochemical Study of Apoptosis Signaling In Nb2 Lymphoma Cells

In the absence of mitogen, administration of Dexamethasone (Dex) induces apoptosis, or programmed-cell death in the Nb2 lymphoma cell. Addition of prolactin (Prl), on the other hand, blocks this effect. As a model for apoptosis, we were able to investigate this Dex-Prl interaction by means of a morphological approach: one that could be visualized under a light microscope. This approach allowed us to achieve several aims. First, we were able to develop a method of cell quantification befitting a morphological study based upon the hemacytometer. Second, with Trypan Blue exclusion, we were able to verify Dex/Prl-responsiveness in the Nb2 cells. Third, we were able to refine and characterize the TUNEL (Tdt-dependent dUTP-biotin Nick End Labeling) assay as a means of detecting apoptosis in both log phase and synchronized cells. With the synchronized cells, we observed that the time frame of apoptosis onset as measured by Trypan Blue and the TUNEL assay, occurred between 6 and 8 hours. Fourth, using immunocytochemistry (ICC), we were able to characterize and establish specificity of affinity purified polyclonal rabbit antibodies directed against the signal proteins, glucocorticoid receptor (GR), STATSb, NFkB and lkBα. Fifth, we were able to examine how these signal proteins changed in response to Dex treatment using ICC. According to our results, the percentage of positively stained cells for each of these signal proteins remained constant for each time point and treatment

A Mixed Assessment for the Science Learning via a Bayesian Network Representation

This study explored an alternative assessment model to examine Chemistry learners’ progress. “The Assessment of Problem-Solving in Chemistry Learning” as a model represented students’ mastery of chemistry study. The data were from journaling narratives and analyzed through cognitive task analysis. Based on the analyses, a student model was established, which represents the qualitative information in a structure, and provides a potential framework of the assessment model for the quantitative representation—a Bayesian network assessment model. The student’s performance was assessed via the Bayesian network assessment model, and classified into three categories: low level, middle level, and high level. The mastery level should be at least scored at and above 90.51/100 for Declarative, Procedural, and Strategic Knowledge respectively

Increasing Anteroposterior Genital Hiatus Widening Does Not Limit Apical Descent for Prolapse Staging during Valsalva’s Maneuver: Effect on Symptom Severity and Surgical Decision Making

Objective: Determine if anteroposterior genital hiatus (GH) widening obscures rather than facilitates signs and symptoms, inadvertently altering management decisions for women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) during Valsalva's Maneuver, at a given total vaginal length (TVL). Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort with nested cross-sectional study of patients who underwent POP surgery. Data from obstetric and gynecologic history, preoperative and postoperative physical examinations, and 20-item Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) and 7-item Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7) scores were extracted. Study participants were compared in 2 groups: anteroposterior widened (>3 cm) and not widened (<=3 cm) GH, for baseline leading edge and POP stage, while controlling for TVL. Baseline PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 scores were evaluated within GH groups. Delta GH, PFDI-20, and PFIQ-7 scores after apical suspension with and without posterior colporrhaphy were compared to assess the clinical value of the procedure. Results: Study participants with anteroposterior GH widening during Valsalva maneuver had greater baseline leading edge descent and higher POP stage compared with those without anteroposterior GH widening after controlling for TVL. Baseline PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 scores were similar within both GH categories controlling for prolapse severity. Adding posterior colporrhaphy to apical suspension resulted in a greater anteroposterior GH reduction without improving delta PFDI-20 or PFIQ-7 scores. Conclusions: Facilitation through herniation rather than obscuration from anteroposterior GH widening explains why patients will not be undertreated based on signs and symptoms of disease. Adding posterior colporrhaphy to apical suspension more effectively reduces anteroposterior GH widening without differential improvement in symptoms rendering the operation to no more than a cosmetic procedure

Multimode metrology via scattershot sampling

Scattershot photon sources are known to have useful properties for optical quantum computing and boson-sampling purposes, in particular for scaling to large numbers of photons. This paper investigates the application of these scattershot sources towards the metrological task of estimating an unknown phase shift. In this regard, we introduce three different scalable multimode interferometers and quantify their quantum Fisher information performance using scattershot sources with arbitrary system sizes. We show that two of the interferometers need the probing photons to be in certain input configurations to beat the classical shot-noise precision limit, while the remaining interferometer has the necessary symmetry which allows it to always beat the classical limit no matter the input configuration. However, we can prove that all three interferometers give the same amount of information on average, which can be shown to beat the classical precision limit. We also perform Monte Carlo simulations to compare the interferometers in different experimentally relevant regimes, as a function of the number of samples

Controllable Quantum Interference from Two-Photon Scattershot Sources

We describe a multi-mode passive linear optical network which emulates the two-photon number statistics of a beam splitter, irrespective on where the two photons enter the network. This is done by firstly defining general properties that the generator of the network matrix must fulfil. We then show that the network's effective transmission coefficient can be freely set to replicate either the absence of coincidence counts (i.e. the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip), or a 100% coincidence rate, as well as all possible two-photon beam splitter statistics between these two extremal points. Finally, we demonstrate that this network, in comparison to simpler systems, provides a better sampling rate and other resource advantages.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures; added references, 2 additional paragraphs (in Section I & IV) and other minor text additions with respect to Sylvester interferometer

Seaweeds of Panay

This practical book on the seaweeds of Panay, Philippines, acquaints and provides information to members of the academe and research institutions, policy makers, fishermen and businessmen regarding the taxonomy, distribution, ecology and economic importance of these resources. It consists of 4 major parts: (1) Introduction, which reviews the literature, habitat, distribution, morphological structure and reproduction; 2) Classification, which describes the classes to which the seaweeds generally belong; 3) Collection and preservation, which explains the procedure used in treatment of specimens; and, 4) Taxonomic list. A glossary is included, covering technical terms used. All species listed and described in this book are macrobenthic and were collected in Panay and Guimaras Islands.Preface -- Introduction -- Classification -- Collection and preservation -- Taxonomic list: Class Chlorophyceae -- Class Phaeophyceae -- Class Rhodophyceae -- Glossary -- References -- Acknowledgement.1st Ed

Deterministic preparation of optical squeezed cat and Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill states

Large-amplitude squeezed cat and high-quality Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states are powerful resources for quantum error correction. However, previous schemes in optics are limited to low success probabilities, small amplitudes, and low squeezing. We overcome these limitations and present scalable schemes in optics for the deterministic preparation of large-amplitude squeezed cat states using only Gaussian operations and photon-number measurements. These states can be bred to prepare high-quality approximate GKP states, showing that GKP error correction in optics is technically feasible in near-term experiments.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figure

Noiseless Linear Amplification and Loss-Tolerant Quantum Relay using Coherent State Superpositions

Noiseless linear amplification (NLA) is useful for a wide variety of quantum protocols. Here we propose a fully scalable amplifier which, for asymptotically large sizes, can perform perfect fidelity NLA on any quantum state. Given finite resources however, it is designed to perform perfect fidelity NLA on coherent states and their arbitrary superpositions. Our scheme is a generalisation of the multi-photon quantum scissor teleamplifier, which we implement using a coherent state superposition resource state. Furthermore, we prove our NLA is also a loss-tolerant relay for multi-ary phase-shift keyed coherent states. Finally, we demonstrate that our NLA is also useful for continuous-variable entanglement distillation, even with realistic experimental imperfections.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figure