Effects of Plant Growth Regulator S-Y on Diurnal Changes in Photosynthetic Parameters and Yield of Stevia Rebaudina Bertoni

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Microbial degradation of aristolochic acid I by endophytic fungus A.h-Fs-1 of Asarum heterotropoides

Asari Radix et Rhizoma is commonly used in classic prescriptions of herbal medicine in several Asian countries for resuscitation, pain relief, and sore treatment, and Asarum heterotropoides (A. heterotropoides) is an important source material of Asari Radix et Rhizoma. However, the plants of the Asari Radix et Rhizoma and some plants in Asarum spp. contain aristolochic acid I (AAI), which is considered as a carcinogen. The objective of the current study is to detoxify Asarum spp. through microbial degradation of AAI in order to ensure drug safety. Based on the observation of the close correlation between endophytic fungi of A. heterotropoides and AAI, we identified an AAI-degrading fungus and screened for candidate genes involved in AAI degradation. Full-length O-demethylase genes (ODMs) were cloned including A.h-ODM-5, Fs-ODM-4, and Fs-ODM-1, and their ability to degrade AAI was tested in vitro. The results showed that the AAI-degrading fungus was identified as Neocosmospora solani (A.h-Fs-1, endophytic fungi of A. heterotropoides), and verified the capability of specific O-demethylation to modify the structure of AAI. We further identified the functional ODMs in A.h-Fs-1 capable of degrading AAI and uncovered the AAI degradation mechanism of A.h-Fs-1. The microbial degradation of AAI demonstrated in the present study offers a new method to detoxify plant materials used for herbal medicine, and would enhance the regulation of toxic ingredients content in herbal medicine source materials

A case report and a literature review of double mammary pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia associated with galactoma during pregnancy

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a benign interstitial hyperplasia of the breast that usually occurs in premenopausal or perimenopausal women. It is usually characterized by localized lesions or clear boundary masses, and diffuse double breast enlargement is rare. PASH is considered a hormone-dependent disease that is commonly progesterone related. There are no imaging characteristics, and both benign and suspicious malignant signs can be seen. The definitive diagnosis of PASH depends on a pathological diagnosis, and it is necessary to be vigilant in distinguishing between benign and malignant tumors with similar breast histopathology. Here, we report the case of a 23-year-old multipara patient with bilateral diffuse pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast during pregnancy who presented with macromastia and reviewed the literature to further understand the clinical features, pathological diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast

Rare Earth Eu Doped PtRu/C Catalysts and Their Properties for Methanol Electrooxidation

Commercially available PtRu/C catalyst was doped with Eu by chemical reduction and sintering, resulting in PtRuEux/C catalysts with different Eu contents. The catalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results showed that Eu doping did not change the average size of the PtRu/C catalysts (ca 3 nm), and their surfaces were modified by both Eu metal and oxide. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry demonstrated that the activity of the PtRuEux/C catalysts was higher than that of commercial PtRu/C for methanol electrooxidation. Among the PtRuEux/C catalysts, PtRuEu0.3/C exhibited the best performance. The electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on the catalyst was further investigated by in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy at molecular level. Results indicated that the adsorbed species derived from the dissociative adsorption of methanol on the catalysts were linear. bonded CO (COL). Eu doping decreased the oxidation potential of COL and thus significantly enhanced the activity of the catalysts and their tolerance to CO.National Natural Science Foundation of China [20833005, 20828005]; Scientific Research Foundation, Ministry of Education ; Opening Foundation of the State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface of Xiamen University ; Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education, Chin

Effect of Specific Adsorption of Anions and Surface Structure of Pt(111) Electrode on Kinetics of Dissociative Adsorption of Ethylene Glycol

The effect of specific adsorption of anions and the surface structure of a Pt(111) electrode on the kinetics of dissociative adsorption of ethylene glycol (EG) was studied using cyclic voltammetry and a programmed potential step technique. Quantitative results demonstrated that the specific adsorption of anions remarkably influenced the dissociative adsorption of EG. Both the initial reaction rate (v(i)) of the EG dissociative adsorption and the saturated coverage of dissociative adsorbates, measured in perchloric acid media (without specific adsorption), are significantly larger than the corresponding values acquired in sulfuric acid media (with specific adsorption of SO42-/HSO4-). We illustrate that the variation of the average reaction rate (v) over bar of EG dissociative adsorption on Pt(111) in perchloric acid media with an electrode potential yields a volcano-like distribution with a maximum value near 0.22 V (vs SCE). Furthermore, different surface structures of the Pt(111) electrode that were obtained by different treatments also significantly affect this surface process

Terahertz All-Optical Modulation in a Silicon-Polymer Hybrid System

Although Gigahertz-scale free-carrier modulators have been previously demonstrated in silicon, intensity modulators operating at Terahertz speeds have not been reported because of silicon's weak ultrafast optical nonlinearity. We have demonstrated intensity modulation of light with light in a silicon-polymer integrated waveguide device, based on the all-optical Kerr effect - the same ultrafast effect used in four-wave mixing. Direct measurements of time-domain intensity modulation are made at speeds of 10 GHz. We showed experimentally that the ultrafast mechanism of this modulation functions at the optical frequency through spectral measurements, and that intensity modulation at frequencies in excess of 1 THz can be obtained in this device. By integrating optical polymers through evanescent coupling to high-mode-confinement silicon waveguides, we greatly increase the effective nonlinearity of the waveguide for cross-phase modulation. The combination of high mode confinement, multiple integrated optical components, and high nonlinearities produces all-optical ultrafast devices operating at continuous-wave power levels compatible with telecommunication systems. Although far from commercial radio frequency optical modulator standards in terms of extinction, these devices are a first step in development of large-scale integrated ultrafast optical logic in silicon, and are two orders of magnitude faster than previously reported silicon devices.Comment: Under consideration at Nature Material

Structure Characteristics of the International Stock Market Complex Network in the Perspective of Whole and Part

International stock market forms an abstract complex network through the fluctuation correlation of stock price index. Past studies of complex network almost focus on single country’s stock market. Here we investigate the whole and partial characteristics of international stock market network (ISMN) (hereinafter referred to as ISMN). For the analysis on the whole network, we firstly determine the reasonable threshold as the basic of the following study. Robustness is applied to analyze the stability of the network and the result shows that ISMN has robustness against random attack but intentional attack breaks the connection integrity of ISMN rapidly. In the partial network, the sliding window method is used to analyze the dynamic evolution of the relationship between the Chinese (Shanghai) stock market and the international stock market. The connection between the Chinese stock market and foreign stock markets becomes increasingly closer, and the links between them show a significant enhancement especially after China joined the WTO. In general, we suggest that transnational investors pay more attention to some significant event of the stock market with large degree for better risk-circumvention

Meiguo zheng fu jie mi dang an. Zhongguo guan xi.

Table of contents for "Zhong Mei wang lai zhao hui ji, 1846-1931

Development of redox-responsive theranostic nanoparticles for near-infrared fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic/chemotherapy of tumor

The development of imaging-guided smart drug delivery systems for combinational photodynamic/chemotherapy of the tumor has become highly demanded in oncology. Herein, redox-responsive theranostic polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated innovatively using low molecular weight heparin (LWMH) as the backbone. Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and alpha-tocopherol succinate (TOS) were conjugated to LMWH via cystamine as the redox-sensitive linker, forming amphiphilic Ce6-LMWH-TOS (CHT) polymer, which could self-assemble into NPs in water and encapsulate paclitaxel (PTX) inside the inner core (PTX/CHT NPs). The enhanced near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence intensity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation of Ce6 were observed in a reductive environment, suggesting the cystamine-switched “ON/OFF” of Ce6. Also, the in vitro release of PTX exhibited a redox-triggered profile. MCF-7 cells showed a dramatically higher uptake of Ce6 delivered by CHT NPs compared with free Ce6. The improved therapeutic effect of PTX/CHT NPs compared with mono-photodynamic or mono-chemotherapy was observed in vitro via MTT and apoptosis assays. Also, the PTX/CHT NPs exhibited a significantly better in anti-tumor efficiency upon NIR irradiation according to the results of in vivo combination therapy conducted on 4T1-tumor-bearing mice. The in vivo NIR fluorescence capacity of CHT NPs was also evaluated in tumor-bearing nude mice, implying that the CHT NPs could enhance the accumulation and retention of Ce6 in tumor foci compared with free Ce6. Interestingly, the anti-metastasis activity of CHT NPs was observed against MCF-7 cells by a wound healing assay, which was comparable to LMWH, suggesting LMWH was promising for construction of nanocarriers for cancer management