Distribution of nitrifying activity in the Seine River (France) from Paris to the estuary

The distribution of nitrification has been measured with the H14CO3- incorporation method in the Seine River and its estuary during summer conditions. The Seine River below Paris receives large amounts of ammonium through wastewater discharge. In the river itself, this ammonium is only slowly nitrified, while in the estuary nitrification is rapid and complete. We show that this contrasting behavior is related to the different hydrosedimentary conditions of the two systems, as nitrifying bacteria are associated with suspended particles. In the river, particles and their attached bacteria either rapidly settle or have a sestonic behavior. Because of the short residence times of the water masses, the dow growing nitrifying population has no time to develop sufficiently to nitrify the available ammonium. The estuary is characterized by strong tidal dynamics. Particles settle and are resuspended continuously with the strong current inversions of ebb and hood. As a result of these dynamics, particles and their attached nitrifying bacteria experience longer residence times in a temporary suspended state than the water masses themselves, providing to slow growing nitrifying bacteria the opportunity to develop a large population capable of nitrifying all the available ammonium

Case-based decision support system for breast cancer management

Breast cancer is identified as the most common type of cancer in women worldwide with 1.6 million women around the world diagnosed every year. This prompts many active areas of research in identifying better ways to prevent, detect, and treat breast cancer. DESIREE is a European Union funded project, which aims at developing a web-based software ecosystem for the multidisciplinary management of primary breast cancer. The development of an intelligent clinical decision support system offering various modalities of decision support is one of the key objectives of the project. This paper explores case-based reasoning as a problem solving paradigm and discusses the use of an explicit domain knowledge ontology in the development of a knowledge-intensive case-based decision support system for breast cancer management

Combining the Generic Entity-Attribute-Value Model and Terminological Models into a Common Ontology to Enable Data Integration and Decision Support.

The integration of clinical information models and termino-ontological models into a unique ontological framework is highly desirable for it facilitates data integration and management using the same formal mechanisms for both data concepts and information model components. This is particularly true for knowledge-based decision support tools that aim to take advantage of all facets of semantic web technologies in merging ontological reasoning, concept classification, and rule-based inferences. We present an ontology template that combines generic data model components with (parts of) existing termino-ontological resources. The approach is developed for the guideline-based decision support module on breast cancer management within the DESIREE European project. The approach is based on the entity attribute value model and could be extended to other domains

Semantically Structured Web Form and Data Storage: A Generic Ontology-Driven Approach Applied to Breast Cancer.

Interoperability issues are common in biomedical informatics. Structured data acquisition modalities are of major importance since the data acquired need to be adequately structured and encoded to be automatically processed by dedicated systems. We have developed a web application that generates a semantically structured web form from an ontology. Beyond allowing for structured patient data acquisition, the application allows to save patient data in a triplestore storage solution, and to retrieve them. Thus, the application provides a solution for the user to edit, display, and delete patient data, when necessary. The method has been applied to generate a web form to acquire patient data from the breast cancer knowledge model structured as an OWL ontology of the guideline-based decision support system within the European-funded DESIREE project

Taking into Account the Complementarity of Contemporary Breast Cancer Guidelines to Leverage Decision Support in the DESIREE Project.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in Western countries and the first cause of death among women in France. Studies have reported that the compliance of the treatment with breast cancer clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is accompanied with a significant improvement of recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates. However, compliance of multidisciplinary tumour board decisions with CPGs remains non-satisfactory. The European project DESIREE aims at building a software package to support the guideline-based management of breast cancer patients. The aim is to select multiple relevant contemporary CPGs published on the management of breast cancer and to concurrently apply them to benefit of the complementarity of the recommendations issued, and leverage the guideline-based decision support. We used a clinical case to compare NCCN and ESMO CPGs in terms of concordance, complementarity, and conflicts. Out of the 757 decision rules extracted from both CPGs, 64 rules were triggered (32 from NCCN, and 32 from ESMO) by the clinical case. Ten rules were concordant, 52 complementary, and two conflicting. Complementarity relies on the different levels of granularity of the IF-parts of the rules that lead to different specific THEN-parts. Another type of complementarity comes from the provision of specific care apart from the breast cancer therapeutic management. The few inter- and intra-CPGs conflicts show the limits of CPGs in particular situations still debated by medical research

Free-radical depolymerization with metallic catalysts of an exopolysaccharide produced by a bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent polychaete annelid

International audienc

Évolution des taux plasmatiques des LDH, CPK et de la myoglobine à l'issue d'une course de 100 km et d'un triathlon

Bigard A.-X., Giaoui M., Voignier J.-P., Legrand H., Guézennec Charles-Yannick. Évolution des taux plasmatiques des LDH, CPK et de la myoglobine à l'issue d'une course de 100 km et d'un triathlon. In: Les Cahiers de l'INSEP, n°20, 1997. Un sport, deux enchaînements, trois disciplines : le triathlon. Actes du 1er symposium international de l'entraînement en triathlon. pp. 153-154