2-aminoaethanesulfonic acid compounds possess protective property in reperfusion-induced heart jnjury

The study aim was to explore pharmacological effects of 2-aminoaethansulfonic acid compounds in reperfusion-induced heart injury. The study was performed on rats and dogs of both sexes, isolated rats’ hearts. Two compounds of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, magnesium-containing (LBK-527) and phenylacetamide-containing (LKhT-317) were investigate

Regional Aspects of Nosocomial Infection As a Medical and Social Problem

Prevention of nosocomial infection (NI) is an important medical and socioeconomic problem. And though certain organizational and practical measures are implemented in Russia every year to reduce NIs, the problem is still relevant from medical and social points of view. The risk of infection are both for patients and medical workers. In Russia, the minimum economic damage caused by NIs is 2.5–5 billion rubles annually. According to the Office of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare in the Republic of Mordovia, the total incidence of NI in the region is at a low level. The incidence rate was 0.01 per 1000 patients in hospitals. The dynamics of the last five years demonstrates a decrease in hospital-acquired infections. In the dynamics of the last five years, incidence rates of purulent-septic infections of newborns and postpartum women, postoperative purulent-septic complications and post-injection complications had an unstable downward trend. Thus, purulent-septic infections of newborns and postpartum women and postoperative infections are dominated in the structure of nosocomial infections. Analysis of dynamics of morbidity in recent years in the Republic of Mordovia suggests that the measures taken to prevent NI are quite effective and are manifested with consistently low rates

Production of ²³⁵Np, ²³⁶Pu and ²³⁷Pu via nuclear reactions on ^235,236,238U and ²³⁷Np targets

A summary of methods for cyclotron production of 235Np (396.1d), 236Pu (2.858y) and 237Pu (45.2d) via nuclear reactions with protons and 3He-ions on 235,236,238U and 237Np targets in wide energy ranges is given. Methods for the chemical separation and purification of these nuclides from the irradiated uranium and neptunium targets are described. Cross sections, yields and radionuclidic purities of 235Np, 236Pu and 237Pu are presented and compared with literature data on the nuclear reactions leading to these radionuclides. The nuclear reactions with the so far highest known yields of 235Np, 236Pu and 237Pu are determined: 236U(p, 2n)235Np, 237Np(p, 2n + pnβ-)236Pu and 237Np(p, n) 237Pu, respectively. The highest radionuclidic purity of 235Np, 236Pu and 237Pu tracers can be reached with the 236U(p, 2n)235Np, 236U(p, nβ -)236Pu and 237Np(3He, t) 237Pu reactions, respectively. In addition new cross sections and yield data of the 236U(3He, p3n)235Np reaction in the energy range 42.4-60 MeV are given.</p

Metal-containing taurine compounds protect rat’s brain in reperfusion-induced injury

The study aim was to explore a neuroprotective action of magnesium (LKhT-317) and zinc (LKhT-318) taurine salts on experimental models of reperfusion brain damage in rats and cell cultur

Dynamics of sleep duration (2003-2018) and the risk of myocardial infarction in an open population aged 45-64 years in Russia/Siberia

Aim. To determine the dynamics and impact of sleep duration in 2003-2018 on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in an open population aged 45-64 years in Novosibirsk.Material and methods. The study included representative samples of the population aged 45-64 years, obtained as part of the screening IV in 2003-2005 (men, 576; mean age, 54,23±0,2 years; response rate, 61%; women, 1074; mean age, 54,27+0,2 years; response rate, 72%) and screening VI in 2015-2018 (men, n=275; mean age, 49±0,4 years; response, 72%; women, n=390; mean age, 45±0,4 years; response rate, 75%). Screenings were carried out according to the standard protocol of the WHO MONICA-psychosocial Program (MOPSY). The Jenkins Questionnaire was used to assess sleep duration and disturbances.Results. For the period from 2003-2005 to 2015-2018, we revealed decrease in the number of following people: with 7 hours of sleep at night from 44,9% to 31,9%; with 8 hours of sleep from 28,5% to 24,4%. In addition, the number of participants with ≤5 hours of sleep increased from 4,9% to 9,9%, while those with ≤6 hours — from 16,2% to 27,2%, as well as the number of people sleeping 9 hours a day (from 3,7% to 5,4%). In 2003-2005, among the population in the age group of 55- 64 years, 7-hour sleep was observed more often (45б1%); 6-hour sleep prevailed in the group of people aged 45-54 (18,9%). There were no significant differences between the duration of sleep and the age group according to screening VI in 2015- 2018. Among men, 6-hour sleep were observed more often (38.4%), and among women — 7 hours (37,3%). Those who sleep 7 hours a night were more likely to consider their sleep “good” (35,3%) in 2015-2018. In a population of 45-64 years old, over a 14-year period, the risk of MI was higher as follows: 1. in men with 5-6 hours of sleep than with 7-8 hours of sleep at night by 1,689 times (95% confidence interval (CI), 1,124-2,537 p&lt;0,012); in men aged 45-54 years by 2,416 times (95% CI, 1,311-4,452; p&lt;0,005), respectively; 2. in women with 5-6 hours of sleep by 1,591 times (95% CI, 1,058-2,392; p&lt;0,026) compared with 7-8-hour duration of sleep. In the 45-54 year group, the risk of MI was higher among women with 9-10 hours of sleep a night by 4,44 times (95% CI, 2,726-20,309; p&lt;0,0001) compared with women who had 7-8 hours of sleep at night.Conclusion. We revealed that over the period of 2003-2018, the duration of night sleep of 7-8 hours among the population aged 45-64 years (without cardiovascular diseases) decreased both among men and women. At the same time, the “good” quality of sleep was more often found in people with 7-hour sleep. It was determined that short sleep duration was associated with MI among men and women, and long sleep duration turned out to be a risk factor for MI for women in the group of 45-54 years

An association of hostility with awareness of health and other psychosocial factors in an open female population aged 25–64 years in Novosibirsk

Objective: To explore the prevalence of hostility (Hs) and its relation to awareness of health, family and job stress, and other psychosocial factors in a Novosibirsk female population aged 25–64 years.Patients and methods. A random representative sample of 870 women aged 25–64 years from one of the Novosibirsk districts was surveyed within the third screening of the WHO «MONICA-psychosocial» (MOPSY) program in 1994. The response rate was 72.5%. Hs was studied using the MOPSY test (the subscale «Hostility»). Awareness and attitude towards health and preventive measures were assessed using the awareness and attitude towards health test. Chi-square test (χ2) was used to assess the statistical significance of differences between the groups.Results. The prevalence of high Hs was 43.9%. Women with high Hs rated negatively their health more frequently, complained of health complaints more often, and had poor awareness of preventive methods, much smoking, and inadequate physical activity. High Hs was associated with personal anxiety, major depression, high vital exhaustion, low social support, high family and job stresses.Conclusion. The prevalence of obvious Hs in a female population aged 25–64 years is high and it is associated with poor self-rated health, insufficient health care, and a large number of negative psychosocial factors

The clinical spectrum of non-dementia cognitive impairment: Subjective mild-to-moderate disorders

The important task of nevrology is to improve the diagnosis of chronic progressive degenerative and vascular brain diseases – to detect them at the earliest stages. The paper presents current views on the non-dementia stages of brain diseases: moderate, mild, and subjective cognitive impairments. It sets forth data on their prevalence and clinical features and types, as well as international diagnostic criteria. There is evidence for the expediency of the earliest neuroprotective therapy to prevent dementia. A methodology for neuroprotective therapy is discussed; the available data on the long-term effect of intermittent treatment cycles with the vasotropic and neurometabolic drug tanakan are given

СПЕЦИФИКА ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПОСТРОЕНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В ДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОМ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ УНИВЕРСИТЕТЕ)

The role and value of physical culture inthe system of modern Russian education has grown significantly. It is explained by the relevance of socially important problems related to strengthening of national health, need of introduction of physical culture in everyday people life, risings the level of physical literacy and readiness. The task of physical culture in higher school is to represent the integrated system of knowledge to future expert, which will provide him the correct use of physical culture agents for self-improvement and worthy socialization in the society of the beginning of the XXI century. On the example of the program of physical education implemented at Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) the author analyzes the purpose, tasks, key elements, composition of a course and results expected from its introduction. The author suggests to use the experience of FEFU and to share the offers or remarks on this subject.Роль и значение физической культуры в системе современного российского образования существенно выросла. Это объясняется актуальностью социально-значимых проблем, связанных с укреплением здоровья нации, необходимостью внедрения физической культуры в повседневную жизнь людей, повышения уровня физической грамотности и подготовленности. Задача физической культуры высшей школы – дать будущему специалисту целостную систему знаний, которая обеспечит ему правильное использование средств физической культуры для самосовершенствования и достойной социализации в обществе начала ХХI в. На примере реализуемой в Дальневосточном федеральном университете (ДВФУ) программы физического образования авторы статьи анализируют цель, задачи, ключевые элементы, композицию курса и ожидаемые от ее внедрения результаты. Авторы предлагают присмотреться к опыту ДВФУ и поделиться своими предложениями или замечаниями по данной теме

Space weather and space anomalies

A large database of anomalies, registered by 220 satellites in different orbits over the period 1971-1994 has been compiled. For the first time, data from 49 Russian Kosmos satellites have been included in a statistical analysis. The database also contains a large set of daily and hourly space weather parameters. A series of statistical analyses made it possible to quantify, for different satellite orbits, space weather conditions on the days characterized by anomaly occurrences. In particular, very intense fluxes (&amp;gt;1000 pfu at energy &amp;gt;10 MeV) of solar protons are linked to anomalies registered by satellites in high-altitude (&amp;gt;15000 km), near-polar (inclination &amp;gt;55&amp;deg;) orbits typical for navigation satellites, such as those used in the GPS network, NAVSTAR, etc. (the rate of anomalies increases by a factor ~20), and to a much smaller extent to anomalies in geostationary orbits, (they increase by a factor ~4). Direct and indirect connections between anomaly occurrence and geomagnetic perturbations are also discussed