Photoelectric, nonlinear optical, and photorefractive properties of polymer composites including carbon nanotubes and cyanine dyes

The effect of cyanine dye additives on the photoelectric, nonlinear optical, and photorefractive properties of polyvinyl carbazole composites based on closed single-walled carbon nanotubes has been investigated. It has been found that these characteristics are affected by the dye in which the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) lies below the level of the photoexcited nanotube. The addition of this dye to the composite leads to a 14-fold increase in the quantum efficiency of the generation of mobile charge carriers under irradiation by a laser (1064 nm) in the absorption region of the nanotubes. Moreover, the addition of the dye to the composite decreases the third-order susceptibility χ (3) , presumably, due to the opposite orientations of dipoles of the dye and the nanotube upon adsorption of the dye on the nanotube. The addition of the dye to the composite also provides a twofold increase in the two-beam photorefractive amplification factor of the laser beam with a wavelength of 1064 nm. The obtained values of the two-beam photorefractive amplification factor reach 120 cm -1 . \ua9 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Photoelectric, nonlinear optical, and photorefractive properties of polyvinylcarbazole composites with graphene

Polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) composites containing graphene in an amount of somewhat less than 0.15 wt % exhibit third-order dielectric susceptibility due to the presence of graphene, as well as photoelectric and photorefractive sensitivity at 1064 nm. The photorefractive (PR) effect is known to occur in a polymer composite that possesses both photoelectric sensitivity and nonlinear optical properties. The photoelectric, nonlinear optical, and PR properties of PVK composites with graphene have been considered in this paper

Near-threshold production of a0(980)a_0(980)-mesons in πN\pi N and NN collisions and a0/f0a_0/f_0-mixing

We consider near-threshold $a_0(980)$-meson production in $\pi N$ and $NN$ collisions. An effective Lagrangian approach with one-pion exchange is applied to analyze different contributions to the cross section for different isospin channels. The Reggeon exchange mechanism is also evaluated for comparison. The results from $\pi N$ reactions are used to calculate the contribution of the $a_0$ meson to the cross sections and invariant $K \bar K$ mass distributions of the reactions $pp\to pn K^+\bar K^0$ and $pp\to pp K^+K^-$. It is found that the experimental observation of $a_0^+$ mesons in the reaction $pp\to pn K^+\bar K^0$ is much more promising than the observation of $a_0^0$ mesons in the reaction $pp\to pp K^+K^-$. Effects of isospin violation in the reactions $pN \to d a_0$, $pd \to \mathrm{^3He/^3H} a_0$, and $dd \to \mathrm{^4He} a_0$, which are induced by $a_0(980)$--$f_0(980)$ mixing, are also analyzed.Comment: 43 pages, including 16 eps figures, to be bublished in Phys. Atom. Nucl. (Yad. Fiz.) vol. 65, No. 11 (2002

Behaviour of the Blazar CTA 102 during two giant outbursts

Blazar CTA 102 underwent exceptional optical and high-energy outbursts in 2012 and 2016-2017. We analyze its behaviour during these events, focusing on polarimetry as a tool that allows us to trace changes in the physical conditions and geometric configuration of the emission source close to the central black hole. We also use Fermi gamma-ray data in conjunction with optical photometry in an effort to localize the origin of the outbursts.AST-1615796 - Boston Universit

Основные показатели кредитных организаций Российской Федерации: векторы изменений

Credit organizations are a crucial part of the credit-monetary relations, greatly infl uencing the development of the Russian economy. In recent years, changes in the structure of the banking system and the profi tability of operations conducted by banks. Analysis of the functioning of the system shows a reduced role of banking indicators in the formation of the Russian GDP. The process of credit expansion stopped. To determine the vectors of development of credit institutions is not enough to conduct traditional statistical studies of the dynamics of the institutional structure of the banking system, since it is possible to obtain erroneous conclusions regarding the efficiency of banks in the economy. You must take into account a broader set of indicators, which allows to make more accurate conclusions about the vectors of change in the banking business in General. By mapping levels of the time series in the article the analysis of structural shifts in the activities of Russian credit organizations. Examines the spatial distribution of the credit institutions, are allocated in the regions with the highest activity of credit institutions and regions where the development potential of the banking sector implemented is not enough. The tendencies in the banks talking about displacement vectors of business development from the credit expansion in the direction of the Commission operations. The decline of profi tability of foreign exchange transactions and interest margin increases competition for customers, winning banks which can only support the broadest range of services with possibility of remote access. According to the analysis conclusions are made about the continuation of the trend of reducing the number of credit institutions with the growth of volumes of payments made by Bank customers through electronic orders. Given the positive assessment of the prospective transition to a gradation of banks with basic and universal licenses, which will enable the variability of the supervision for small and medium-sized banks in their competition with the largest credit organizations.Кредитные организации представляют собой важнейшее звено кредитно-денежных отношений, в значительной степени влияющее на развитие российской экономики. В последние годы происходят изменения, как в структуре банковской системы, так и в доходности проводимых банками операций. Анализ функционирования системы показывает снижение роли банковских показателей в формировании российского ВВП. Процессы кредитной экспансии остановлены. Для определения векторов развития кредитных организаций недостаточно проводить традиционные статистические исследования динамики институциональной структуры банковской системы, т.к. можно получить ошибочные выводы относительно эффективности функционирования банков в экономике. Необходимо принять во внимание более широкий набор показателей, оценка которых позволяет делать более точные выводы о векторах изменений, происходящих в банковском бизнесе в целом. Посредством сопоставления уровней временных рядов в статье проводится анализ структурных сдвигов в деятельности российских кредитных организаций. Рассматривается территориальное распределение кредитных организаций, выделяются регионы с максимальной активностью кредитных организаций и регионы, где потенциал развития банковского сектора реализован недостаточно. Рассмотренные тенденции в работе банков говорят о смещении векторов развития бизнеса от кредитной экспансии в сторону комиссионных операций. Снижение доходности валютных операций и процентной маржи увеличивает конкуренцию за клиентов, выиграть которую банки могут, только предоставляя максимально широкий спектр услуг с возможностью дистанционного доступа. По результатам анализа делаются выводы о продолжении тенденции сокращения численности кредитных учреждений по мере роста объемов платежей, осуществляемых клиентами банков с помощью электронных распоряжений. Дается позитивная оценка предполагаемому переходу к градации банков с базовой и универсальной лицензиями, что позволит добиться вариативности надзора для малых и средних банков в их конкурентной борьбе с крупнейшими кредитными организациями

Aspects of a0-f0 mixing in the reaction pn->da0

Some aspects of a0-f0 mixing effects in the reaction ${\vec p} n\to da^0_0$ with perpendicular polarized proton beam are discussed. An angular--asymmetry parameter $A$ is defined to study those effects. It is shown that, for energies close to the production threshold, the angular--asymmetry parameter $A(\theta, \phi)$ is proportional to the a0-f0 mixing amplitude for arbitrary polar and azimuthal angles $\theta$ and $\phi$ of the outgoing $a_0$ meson. This statement is also valid for arbitrary energies, but then only at polar angles $\theta=0^0$ and $\theta=90^0$. The mass dependence of the differential cross section $d\sigma/dm_{\pi^0\eta}$ in the reaction $pn\to d\pi^0\eta$ in the presence of \mix mixing is also discussed.Comment: 17 pages, 3 Figure

The country's economic growth models and the potential for budgetary, monetary and private financing of gross domestic product growth

This article examines the financing of GDP growth within the framework of catch-up, evolutionary and dynamic models of economic development. Methods/statistical analysis: using the principles of the Solow model and the Cobb-Douglas function, an analysis of the nature of the models has been carried out, considering the processes of capital accumulation, the rate of growth of the workforce, and various aggregate factor productivities. With the help of historical logic and statistical evaluation, examples of countries relating to each of the models examined are reviewed. Based on the analysis, the main ways of financing economic growth are noted: both the state ones, due to budgetary and monetary policy measures, and private ones. It has been proven that with the transition from catch-up to an evolutionary or dynamic model, the role of the state as a centralizing force is diminishing. At the same time, the specificity of a dynamic model is due to the country's objective ability to be among the technological leaders, which is predetermined by the high values of current GDP, per capita GDP, and population size. Countries with an evolutionary model of development are constrained in their ability to maintain a comparable pace of development only within separate "growth points". The main result of the work is the assessment of Russia's potential from the viewpoint of one of the models considered, based on a comparative analysis of several capital indicators, as well as a logical analysis of data on the level of GDP and population with other countries. This makes it possible to make recommendations for financing the country's GDP growth in the medium to long term. Scope/Improvements: The findings can be used in the development of Russia's financial and economic strategy up to 2030.peer-reviewe

t-3-Ethyl-r-2,c-6-bis­(4-methoxy­phen­yl)-1-nitro­sopiperidin-4-one

In the title mol­ecule, C21H24N2O4, the piperidine ring adopts a distorted boat conformation with the ethyl substituent in the axial position. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 70.25 (9)°. An intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­action is observed. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into a chain along the c axis by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and the chains are linked via weak C—H⋯π inter­actions

1,3-Dimethyl-2,6-diphenyl­piperidin-4-one

In the title moleclue, C19H21NO, the 4-piperidone ring adopts a chair conformation in which the two benzene rings and the methyl group attached to C atoms all have equatorial orientations. In the crystal structure, centrosymmetric dimers are formed through weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 58.51 (5)°]