Comparação de duas metodologias de análise de ractopamina por SPE-LC-MS/MS.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 11.11.11.111

Regulation of the Leucine Metabolism in Mortierella alpina

The oleaginous fungus Mortierella alpina is a safe source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in industrial food and feed production. Besides PUFA production, pharmaceutically relevant surface-active and antimicrobial oligopeptides were isolated from this basal fungus. Both production of fatty acids and oligopeptides rely on the biosynthesis and high turnover of branched-chain-amino acids (BCAA), especially l -leucine. However, the regulation of BCAA biosynthesis in basal fungi is largely unknown. Here, we report on the regulation of the leucine, isoleucine, and valine metabolism in M. alpina . In contrast to higher fungi, the biosynthetic genes for BCAA are hardly transcriptionally regulated, as shown by qRT-PCR analysis, which suggests a constant production of BCAAs. However, the enzymes of the leucine metabolism are tightly metabolically regulated. Three enzymes of the leucine metabolism were heterologously produced in Escherichia coli , one of which is inhibited by allosteric feedback loops: The key regulator is the α-isopropylmalate synthase LeuA1, which is strongly disabled by l -leucine, α-ketoisocaproate, and propionyl-CoA, the precursor of the odd-chain fatty acid catabolism. Its gene is not related to homologs from higher fungi, but it has been inherited from a phototrophic ancestor by horizontal gene transfer

THE EFFECT OF INCREASING TRANSPORTATION COST ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT.

This study showed that certain influences in the global environment may have an impact on FDI’s regional or country choice of investment. The following research questions were explored. Are changes in FDI location choices due to elevated transportation costs? Has the emphasis on market changed to a stauncher stance toward efficiency factors due to current oil pricing? The data was tested by applying multiple linear regressions using archival data from Dun and Bradstreet, the World Bank, and the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). This study looked at data in snapshots of two years of a decade beginning with 1997 and ending with 2007. A broader dataset which has already been developed will be expanded to include the dramatic changes in oil prices pre Y2K and post Y2K. It was hypothesized that results will reflect that the cost of transportation will drive investment closer, rather than further, from the origin of investment. Due to the nature of FDI immobility, it is further hypothesized that emphasis will be placed on efficiency factors rather than market because of concern about transportation costs. The purpose will be to explore the features that affect the location of the foreign direct investment, and to address the differences in emphasis, if any, by decision-makers upon locations chosen because of the present transport costs. The findings of the tests were theoretically along the same lines as the hypothesis predicted. In 1997 market factors were dominant instead of efficiency factors. This was seen through the significance of GDP growth and the amount of roads paved. In 2007 exchange rates and distance showed significance, moving factors to a stauncher stance toward efficiency. A pooled regression showed the results of the effect of transportation cost over all. When looking at the variances at the 0.1 p level a rise in the level of FDI investment was found, concluding that the hypothesis and transportation cost results were counter intuitive

Alternativas de simulação de rompimento de barragem de rejeitos no software HEC-RAS : uma análise comparativa

O setor de exploração mineral é um relevante setor da economia brasileira, ao qual está atrelada uma expressiva geração de resíduos, que são comumente dispostos em barramentos. Acidentes e incidentes envolvendo estas estruturas possuem potencial impacto ao vale de jusante, podendo causar perdas econômicas, sociais e ambientais. Nesse sentido, faz-se relevante o estudo dos impactos de eventuais rompimentos através de modelagens hidrodinâmicas. Estas modelagens são usualmente realizadas para barragens de água, ou seja: realizam a propagação de fluido com características Newtonianas. Entretanto, o material contido no reservatório de uma barragem de rejeitos não é um fluido Newtoniano, por não ser água pura e conter partículas em suspensão, caracterizando-se como fluido hiperconcentrado. Portanto, faz-se necessária a adaptação das metodologias tradicionais de simulação, a fim de que os resultados das modelagens sejam coerentes com a realidade. Nesse contexto, este trabalho buscou avaliar comparativamente diferentes metodologias para simulação do rompimento de uma barragem de rejeitos, com propagação de fluidos hiperconcentrados, através de simulações hidrodinâmicas 2D no software HEC-RAS 6.2. Foram simulados cinco cenários: o primeiro, é a propagação típica de água, com cenário Newtoniano; o segundo e terceiro são baseados no aumento do coeficiente de Manning no vale de jusante para compensar características de fluidos não-newtonianos; e os cenários quatro e cinco correspondem à duas simulações que consideram o comportamento não- newtoniano do fluido como plástico de Bingham, com diferentes dados de entrada. Como resultados, foram obtidas manchas de inundação extremamente semelhantes entre si, provavelmente pela região simulada se tratar de um vale encaixado, entretanto os parâmetros de velocidades, profundidades máximas e tempo de chegada divergem – sendo mais próximos entres si nos cenários 1, 4 e 5. Além disso, os cenários 2 e 3, que correspondem ao aumento do coeficiente de Manning, apresentaram resultados de velocidades menores e tempos de chegada maiores, o que pode ser prejudicial em estudos cuja finalidade é a elaboração de Planos de Ação de Emergência, uma vez que, para definição da Zona de Auto-Salvamento variáveis como as velocidades e tempos de chegada do escoamento são fundamentais.The mineral exploration sector is a relevant actor in the brazilian economy, which is related to an expressive generation of waste, which are commonly deposed in dams. Accidents occurring with these structures have the pottential to impact the donwstream valley, causing econominal, social and environmental losses. Therefore, the study of the dam break impacts trhought hydrodinamic modeling is relevant. These models are usually made for water dams so they propagate the fluids with Newtonian characteristics. However, the content of tailings dams is not a Newtonian fluid, as it is not pure water and contains suspension particles, characterizing it as a hyperconcentrated fluid. Therefore, it is necessary to adapt these traditional simulation methodologies so that the results of these models are coherent with reality. In this context, this work sought to comparatively evaluate different methodologies for simulating the failure of a tailings dam, with propagation of hyperconcentrated fluids, through 2D hydrodynamic simulations in the HEC-RAS 6.2 software. Five scenarios were simulated: the first is the typical propagation of water, with a Newtonian scenario; the second and third are based on increasing the Manning coefficient in the downstream valley to compensate for characteristics of nonNewtonian fluids and scenarios four and five correspond to two simulations that consider the non-Newtonian behavior of the fluid as a Bingham plastic, with different input data. As a result, extremely similar flood areas were obtained, probably due to the valley characteristics from the simulated area. However the parameters of speeds, maximum depths and arrival time diverge - being closer to each other in scenarios 1, 4 and 5. In addition, scenarios 2 and 3, which correspond to the increase in Manning's coefficient, presented results of lower speeds and longer arrival times, which can be harmful in studies whose purpose is the elaboration of Emergency Action Plans, since, for the definition of the Self-Rescue Zone, variables such as the speeds and arrival times of the flow are fundamental

Modelo de diagnóstico do grau de maturidade do sistema de gestão da manutenção orientado para a manutenção 4.0

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Robson SelemeDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção. Defesa : Curitiba, 28/02/2020Inclui referências: p. 100-103Resumo: A função manutenção é fundamental para garantir que produtos e serviços atendam as necessidades da produção e clientes nos mais diversos segmentos econômicos. Especificamente no setor industrial, a manutenção de ativos físicos como máquinas, equipamentos, instalações e sistemas têm contribuição efetiva na rentabilidade do negócio. Os conceitos, técnicas e metodologias aplicadas à gestão da manutenção dos ativos têm evoluído desde os princípios da industrialização, passando pela consolidação de Manutenção Produtiva Total - TPM, e, atualmente, buscando a aplicação das tecnologias da chamada indústria 4.0. Entretanto, a aplicação de conceitos, técnicas e ferramentas pelas indústrias variam de acordo com o grau de maturidade do modelo de gestão de seus processos. Modelos de avaliação da maturidade são aplicados nos mais variados processos industriais, tendo a finalidade de avaliar se as organizações têm ou não maturidade para a implementação de novas tecnologias. Considerando o exposto, o presente trabalho apresenta um método para avaliação do grau de maturidade do sistema de gestão da manutenção orientado à manutenção 4.0. O modelo proposto é construído com base na revisão sobre o tema e que inclui a análise e comparação de modelos de avaliação existentes aplicados à manutenção industrial. Incluem também, o desenvolvimento e aplicação de um survey exploratório aplicado às indústrias do setor de bens de consumo no estado do Paraná. Para a construção do modelo foram considerados 3 elementos prioritários: Pessoas e suas habilidades, processos ou rotinas de manutenção e a digitalização decorrente das tecnologias da indústria 4.0 e que resulta em áreas de avaliação. A pesquisa apresenta também um check list de aplicação para demonstrar a aplicabilidade e possibilidade de análise. Palavras-chave: Gerenciamento da manutenção. Modelos de Maturidade. Grau de Maturidade da Manutenção. Manutenção analítica. Manutenção 4.0.Abstract: The maintenance function is essential to ensure that products and services meet the needs of production and customers in the most diverse economic segments. Specifically in the industrial sector, the maintenance of physical assets such as machines, equipment, installations and systems has an effective contribution to the profitability of the business. The concepts, techniques and methodologies applied to asset maintenance management have evolved since the beginning of industrialization, through the consolidation of Total Productive Maintenance - TPM, and, currently, seeking the application of technologies called industry 4.0. However, the application of concepts, techniques and tools by industries varies according to the level of maturity of the management model of their processes. Maturity assessment models are applied in the most varied industrial processes, with the purpose of assessing whether or not organizations have maturity for the implementation of new technologies. Considering the above, the present work presents a method for evaluating the degree of maturity of the maintenance management system oriented to maintenance 4.0. The proposed model is built on the basis of the review on the topic, which includes the analysis and comparison of existing assessment models applied to industrial maintenance. They also include the development and application of an exploratory survey applied to industries in the consumer goods sector in the state of Paraná. For the construction of the model, three priority elements were considered: People and their skills, processes or maintenance routines and the digitalization resulting from the technologies of industry 4.0 and which results in areas of evaluation. The survey also presents an application check list to demonstrate the applicability and possibility of analysis. Keywords: Maintenance management. Maturity Models. Maintenance Maturity. Analytical maintenance. Maintenance 4.0

Supply Chain 4.0: Autonomous Vehicles and Equipment to Meet Demand

The term Supply chain 4.0 refers to the application of industry 4.0 technologies to the supply chain, aiming to plan with greater efficiency and better to meet the demand. Considering this reality, the study aims to verify which equipment and vehicles are being applied and which one presents the best benefits to each stage of the supply chain demand. To define the vehicles and equipment to be analyzed, were presented a supply chain process model, divided among industry, warehouses and customer. Thus, each ones were characterized and the best equipment could be adopted more precisely. The vehicles and equipment were analyzed, considering as the main aspects the maintenance cost, security, operation, product handling, delivery time and sustainability. The results show that the main vehicles to be applied are automated guided vehicles, autonomous trains and drones, each one being applied in different processes of the supply chain