Selection into Mixed Marriages: Evidence from North Carolina, 1894-1906

Using a novel dataset from agricultural censuses and geological sources, I examine the selec- tion into mixed marriages between whites and Cherokee Indians in North Carolina during the late nineteenth century. I find that the well-documented wealth advantage of Cherokee Indian households containing white husbands is driven mostly by positive selection. Thus, once family fixed effects are controlled for, the observed intermarriage premium is completely eliminated. (JEL D03, N31, O12.

Cultural persistence as behavior towards risk: evidence from the North Carolina Cherokees, 1850-1880

Can economic theory help explain the persistence of a cultural enclave among the Cherokee Indians living in North Carolina during the nineteenth century? To date, Fogelson and Kutsche (1961) and Finger (1984) identify the continuation of a communal, labor-sharing agricultural institution called the gadugi as simply an example of Cherokee agency during a period of substantial upheaval. I contribute to the historiography on ancestral labor traditions by adopting Kimball's (1988) framework on the function of farming cooperatives to test whether this arrangement sprung up as a form of insurance against the idiosyncratic risk inherent in southern agriculture. Data collected from the 1850-1880 manuscript census returns on North Carolina Cherokee farms are used to compute the variance of household self-sufficiency, which appears substantial enough to warrant a non-market mechanism to pool risk.Risk-Sharing; Cooperatives; Cherokee Indians

Resolving Conflicts Between Endangered Species Conservation and Renewable Energy Siting: Wiggle Room for Renewables?

Two federal policies—the protection of endangered species, and the rapid creation of renewable energy infrastructure—currently exist in significant legal tension. While both are important for the development of necessary sustainability, climate change induced by the continuous burning of carbon-based fuels likely poses a greater threat to endangered species than does the growth of commercial-scale renewable energy sites. This paper outlines several points of conflict between the two policies and subsequently considers the extent to which federal agencies responsible for renewable energy oversight and development possess “wiggle room” under the Endangered Species Act. A few recommendations for greater leeway are then offered

CR submanifolds in Kaehler and nearly Kaehler manifolds

A review of the study of CR, submanifolds within Kaehler and nearly Kaehler manifolds, and the properties of such manifolds with respect submanifold theory in differential geometry. The study in such a fashion is relatively young, most being carried out within the past thirty years. We consider CR submanifolds as a generalization of complex and real submanifolds, with the tangent bundle decomposing into real and complex parts. We demonstrate that the CR structure has strong consequences, and is heavily dependant on the properties of the ambient manifold. The integrability of the real and complex parts is examined in various spaces, and we consider the existence of CR submanifolds with product, warped product, and foliate structure. The relationship governing the curvatures of the ambient manifold, the CR submanifold and leaves of the complex and real distributions are all considered. We consider the general cases of complex, almost complex, Kaehler and nearly Kaehler manifolds. Further detail is included for the specific manifolds of flat complex space, complex hyperbolic space, complex projective space and the 6-sphere.As an example of the applications of CR structure we include some work on the index of paths, and some topological consequences. Examples of CR submanifolds are generated for the 6-sphere, and the properties of these submanifolds are considered, including the minimality and the second fundamental form. We include details of possible further study, and suggestions for how techniques used might be fruitfully employed elsewhere

Substructure and Dynamics of the Fornax Cluster

We present the first dynamical analysis of a galaxy cluster to include a large fraction of dwarf galaxies. Our sample of 108 Fornax Cluster members measured with the UK Schmidt Telescope FLAIR-II spectrograph contains 55 dwarf galaxies (15.5>bJ>18.0 or -16>MB>-13.5). Hα emission shows that 36%+/-8% of the dwarfs are star forming, twice the fraction implied by morphological classifications. The total sample has a mean velocity of 1493+/-36 km s-1 and a velocity dispersion of 374+/-26 km s-1. The dwarf galaxies form a distinct population: their velocity dispersion (429+/-41 km s-1) is larger than that of the giants (308+/-30 km s-1) at the 98% confidence level. This suggests that the dwarf population is dominated by infalling objects whereas the giants are virialized. The Fornax system has two components, the main Fornax Cluster centered on NGC 1399 with cz=1478 km s-1 and σcz=370 km s-1 and a subcluster centered 3° to the southwest including NGC 1316 with cz=1583 km s-1 and σcz=377 km s-1. This partition is preferred over a single cluster at the 99% confidence level. The subcluster, a site of intense star formation, is bound to Fornax and probably infalling toward the cluster core for the first time. We discuss the implications of this substructure for distance estimates of the Fornax Cluster. We determine the cluster mass profile using the method of Diaferio, which does not assume a virialized sample. The mass within a projected radius of 1.4 Mpc is (7+/-2)×1013 Msolar, and the mass-to-light ratio is 300+/-100 Msolar/Lsolar. The mass is consistent with values derived from the projected mass virial estimator and X-ray measurements at smaller radii

Cultural persistence as behavior towards risk: evidence from the North Carolina Cherokees, 1850-1880

Can economic theory help explain the persistence of a cultural enclave among the Cherokee Indians living in North Carolina during the nineteenth century? To date, Fogelson and Kutsche (1961) and Finger (1984) identify the continuation of a communal, labor-sharing agricultural institution called the gadugi as simply an example of Cherokee agency during a period of substantial upheaval. I contribute to the historiography on ancestral labor traditions by adopting Kimball's (1988) framework on the function of farming cooperatives to test whether this arrangement sprung up as a form of insurance against the idiosyncratic risk inherent in southern agriculture. Data collected from the 1850-1880 manuscript census returns on North Carolina Cherokee farms are used to compute the variance of household self-sufficiency, which appears substantial enough to warrant a non-market mechanism to pool risk

Women in nineteenth-century Canadian industry a comparative approach.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, page: . Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1984