Observações taxonômicas sobre os Decápodos fósseis do Cretáceo da Chapada do Araripe, Brasil, e inferências ecológicas

Beurlenia araripensis Martins-Neto and Mezzalira, 1991 (Decapoda: Caridea) and Paleomattea deliciosa Maisey and Carvalho, 1995 (Decapoda: Penaeoidea) are reviser baseated upon new and better preserved samples. The new specimens were found in the Santana Formation, Araripe Basin, Northeast Brazil, respectively in the Crato and Romualdo members. B. araripensis is represented by a well preserved specimen, where is possible to see a cephalothorax with antennal and branchiostegal spines, rostrum with 14 dorsal spines, and telson with posterior spines. This material permits a better characterization of the species’ morphology and its placement in Palaemonidae. The Dendrobranchiata material of P. deliciosa, found in the bituminous shale of Romualdo Member, is for the fi rst time recorded in clusters of fragmentary parts that suggest mass mortality and morphologies that point to a planktonic lifestyle, as occurs with extant forms of sergestids. Key words: Crustacea, Palaemonidae, Sergestoidea, Lower Cretaceous, Santana Formation, Brazil.Restos fósseis de camarões da Formação Santana, Chapada do Araripe, Cretáceo Inferior, referentes à Beurlenia araripensis Martins-Neto e Mezzalira, 1991 (Decapoda: Caridea) e Paleomattea deliciosa Maisey e Carvalho, 1995 (Decapoda: Penaeoidea) são revisados e novos materiais referidos. O primeiro deles se refere a um exemplar bem preservado de B. araripensis, proveniente dos calcáreos laminados do Membro Crato e que, pela presença de um cefalotórax com espinhos antenais e branquiostegais, rostro com 14 espinhos dorsais, e télson com espinhos posteriores, permite sua melhor caracterização e a proposta de sua inclusão na família Palaemonidae. O material adicional refere-se a um grande número de espécimes de sergestídeos (Penaeoidea) registrados nas camadas de xisto betuminoso no Membro Romualdo e referentes à Paleomattea deliciosa (Dendrobranchiata). Os agrupamentos, além de sugerirem mortalidade em massa, exibem morfologias que caracterizam um hábito de vida planctônico, similar aos sergestídeos modernos. Palavras-chave: Crustacea, Palaemonidae, Sergestoidea, Cretáceo Inferior, Formação Santana, Brasil

Estudo da morfologia funcional reprodutiva e desenvolvimento larval em laboratório de Stenopus hispidus(Olivier, 1811) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Stenopodidea)

A hipótese de que a deposição espermática e a fecundação no camarão Stenopus hispidus ocorrem externamente ao corpo foram testadas, baseando-se no comportamento reprodutivo em laboratório e na anatomia reprodutiva. Para isso, 12 casais adultos foram mantidos em aquários interligados, em salinidade 35%o, temperatura 26°C, fotoperíodo 12 horas e alimentados com ração industrializada para peixes. 0 comportamento reprodutivo foi filmado e fêmeas recém-copuladas tiveram os esternos analisados. Posteriormente, os casais foram anestesiados e dissecados para a descrição da forma e localização das gônadas e pleópodos. O aparelho reprodutivo (AR) de ambos os sexos, esternos, genitálias e primeiro pleópodo também foram preparados e fotografados em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A cópula ocorre quando a fêmea está em pós-muda, e espermatozóides puderam ser observados em seus esternos somente fazendo-se um esfregaço em lâmina. Apenas o primeiro pleópodo e masculino parece estar envolvido na cópula, já que é diferenciado dos demais. 0 AR masculino é reduzido e restrito à carapaça, com testículos lobulados e vasos deferentes não enovelados, abrindo-se na base do 5° pereiópodo. 0 AR feminino é bem desenvolvido, com o ovário ocupando grande parte da carapaça e alcançando até o terceiro somito abdominal; os ovidutos são curtos e sem estrutura aparente para estocagem de espermatozóides. As fendas genitais femininas se abrem na base do terceiro par de pereiópodos e são circundadas por cerdas plumosas, comuns também nos esternitos torácicos. Assim, o macho deposita uma massa espermática simples na região ventral da fêmea, e a fecundação ocorre no momenta da exteriorização dos oócitos madurosReproductive morphology and sperm transfer in Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 11) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Stenopodidae). The hypothesis that the deposition of sperm and fertilization in the shrimp Stenopus hispidus occurs externally of the body were tested, based on reproductive behavior in the laboratory and reproductive anatomy. For this, 12 adult pairs were kept isolated on interconnected aquaria with salinity 35%o, temperature 26°C, photoperiod 12 hours and daily fed with ornamental fish food. The reproductive behavior was taken with video camera and females had the sternum analyzed after mate. After that, the shrimps were anesthetized and dissected to describe the shape and location of the gonads and pleopods morphology. The reproductive systems (RS), sternum, first pleopods and genitalia were prepared and photographed by scanning electron microscopy. The mating occurs when the female was in pos-molt, and spermatozoa were seen in their sternum only by microscope slide smear preparation. Only the first male pleopod seems to be involved in the mating, since it is different from the others. The male RS is reduced and restricted to the carapace, with lobulated testis and vas deferens not convolute, opening in the 5th pereiopod basis. The female RS is well developed, with the ovary occupying much of the carapace and reaching the third abdominal segment; the oviduct is short and without apparent structure for sperm storage. The female genitalia open at third pereiopod basis and are surrounded by dense plumose setae, common also in the sternites. Thus, the male deposits a simple spermatophoric mass in the ventral region of the female and the fertilization occurs at the moment of the mature oocytes exteriorizationCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Relative growth and morphological sexual maturity of Chasmagnathus granulatus (Crustacea, Varunidae) from a mangrove area in southeastern Brazilian coast

The relative growth and morphological sexual maturity of Chasmagnathus granulatus Dana, 1851 are presented for the first time to a mangrove population. The crabs were obtained during low tide periods, in the mangrove of Jabaquara Beach, Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All crabs in intermolt stage were sexed and had their body parts measured as follows: body height (BH), carapace length (CL) and width (CW), major cheliped propodus height (PH) and length (PL) for each sex, gonopod length (GL) and abdomen width (AW) for males and females, respectively. The relative growth was described using the allometric equation y=ax b and the size at onset sexual maturity was achieved using the software Mature I. The size of specimens ranged from 4.1 mm to 39.5 mm CW. The growth pattern was different between sexes in the cheliped relationships; the relationships BH vs. CW evidenced positive allometry for juveniles; PL vs. CW and PH vs. CW positive allometry for most crabs except juvenile females; AW vs. CW and GL vs. CW evidenced positive allometry for juveniles and isometry for adults. The relationships that best indicated the change from the juvenile to the adult phase were PH vs. CW for males and AW vs. CW for females. The size in which 50% of males from this population are mature is at 19.7 mm of CW (F=144.14; p<0.05) and for females it is at 19.2 mm of CW (F=166.54; p<0.05). The sizes obtained in this mangrove population are larger than those from previous studies, that could be attributed to a species plasticity concerning the habitat structure

Distribution of Neohelice granulata (Dana 1851) in its northernmost latitudinal occurrence in a tropical mangrove forest, Brazil (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Grapsoidea, Varunidae).

Neohelice granulata ecological distribution was evaluated in its northernmost latitudinal occurrence in a Brazilian tropical mangrove (23[degree]13'4" S, 44[degree]42'47" W). Samples were collected in three sites along the main river in the mangrove. Crabs were manually captured by two people, 15 min each, at low tide periods. The sex of the animals was assessed and carapace width measured. The size-frequency distribution was determined in each site. Environmental factors (salinity, temperature, organic matter and sediment texture) were analyzed, compared among sites and related to crab abundance and size in each site. Crab abundance decreased with the distance from the sea. Juvenile crabs were more frequent next to the sea, whereas larger and ovigerous ones were mainly found in the most distant site. Crab size was proportional to the organic matter percentage in the sediment. N. granulata spatial distribution varies along the river course, which is probably related to the most productive areas that have more nutrients available; this may also occur in order to prevent intraspecific competition

Morphology of the first larval stage of Macrobrachium brasiliense (Heller, 1868) (Caridea: Palaemonidae)

In this paper, we describe and illustrate the morphology of the first larval stage of the prawn Macrobrachium brasiliense. Two ovigerous females were obtained in a stream environment, which belongs to Paraná River Basin, Southeastern of Brazil, and were maintained in laboratory until the time of hatching. The newly-hatched larva bears very advance morphological features, with benthic habits. They had sessile eyes and all appendages, except for the uropods; however, most of the appendages were not fully formed. The description given here is compared with the first larval stage of Macrobrachium species with abbreviated larval development from other localities

Morphology of the first larval stage of Macrobrachium brasiliense (Heller, 1868) (Caridea: Palaemonidae)

In this paper, we describe and illustrate the morphology of the first larval stage of the prawn Macrobrachium brasiliense. Two ovigerous females were obtained in a stream environment, which belongs to Paraná River Basin, Southeastern of Brazil, and were maintained in laboratory until the time of hatching. The newly-hatched larva bears very advance morphological features, with benthic habits. They had sessile eyes and all appendages, except for the uropods; however, most of the appendages were not fully formed. The description given here is compared with the first larval stage of Macrobrachium species with abbreviated larval development from other localities.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Aegla okora Páez & Marçal & Souza-Shibatta & Gregati & Sofia & Teixeira 2018, n. sp.

&lt;i&gt;Aegla okora&lt;/i&gt; P&aacute;ez &amp; Teixeira n. sp. &lt;p&gt;(Figs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Type-material&lt;/b&gt;. &lt;b&gt;Holotype:&lt;/b&gt; Male (CLE 21.3 mm), Brazil, Paran&aacute;, Pinh&atilde;o, Igua&ccedil;u River basin, Tapera River, 25&deg;41&rsquo;39.51&rdquo;S, 51&deg;40&rsquo;13.23&rdquo;W, G.M. Teixeira, F.P. Paez and R.A. Gregati coll., February 2018 (MZUEL 250). &lt;b&gt;Paratypes:&lt;/b&gt; 10 males (CLE 10.4 &macr;23.0 mm) and 10 females (CLE 13.0&macr;18.0 mm), same data as holotype (MZUEL 251, genetic voucher: Bold Systems access AEGBR001-18, AEGBR002-18, AEGBR003-18, AEGBR004-18).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Type-locality.&lt;/b&gt; Tapera River, city of Pinh&atilde;o, Paran&aacute;, Brazil.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Geographical distribution.&lt;/b&gt; Known only from the type-locality, despite searching in five nearby streams within a radius of the 32 km.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Diagnosis.&lt;/b&gt; Triangular rostrum with narrow base. Subrostral process developed, anteriorly oriented at a 45&deg; with the rostrum. Epigastric prominences and protogastric lobes pronounced, with scales and small setae. Anterolateral spine reaching basal margin of cornea. Branchial region swollen. Areola trapezoidal. Cardiac area trapezoidal. Proximal dorsal margin of movable finger of cheliped without lobe. Palmar crest of major cheliped rectangular. Anterolateral angle of second abdominal epimeron unarmed, with setae. Ventromesial border of ischium of the cheliped ornate with three tubercles, one proximal, one median and one distal. Uropodal (endopods) wide.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Description of male holotype&lt;/b&gt;. Carapace convex, branchial region swollen. Rostrum triangular, base narrow (RBW/LMR = 0.87), extending beyond distal apex of compound eyes, with scales on lateral margins. Rostral carina beginning at level of protogastric lobes, with two parallel rows of scales becoming one row on distal third near apex (Fig. 2A, 3, 4A). Subrostral process developed forming angle of 45&deg; (Fig. 4B).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Eyestalk and cornea well developed. Orbital and extra-orbital sinuses deep. Orbital sinus with scales. Orbital spines developed, rounded. Anterolateral spines with corneous scales on lateral margin of carapace, reaching basal margin of cornea (Fig. 4A).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Epigastric prominences pronounced, with scales and short setae. Protogastric lobes pronounced, with scales. Gastric area prominently inflated in relation to hepatic lobe and rostrum in lateral view. Demarcation between hepatic lobes well defined. Lateral margins of first hepatic lobe with corneous scale, second and third hepatic lobes with sparse scales.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Cervical groove U-shaped (Fig. 4C). Transverse dorsal linea slightly sinuous throughout its extension, sinuosity more pronounced in mesial section. Areola trapezoidal (APM/AAD = 2.5). Cardiac area trapezoidal (TDL/PMC = 1.53) (Fig. 4C).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Epibranchial area with spine or well developed scales on apex. Lateral margin of anterior branchial area with distal spine, setae and scales, posterior area with setae and scales.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Anteromesial region of third thoracic sternite abrupt, with scattered setae on surface. Fourth thoracic sternite elevated in median region with setae, anterolateral angles well developed with spines (Fig. 2B, 4D).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; Chelipeds unequal in size (Figs 2A, 3). Major cheliped (left) (Fig. 5A). Dactylus: dorsal margin and outer surface granulate and ornamented with short scales. Pre-dactylar lobe absent. Proximal lobe on dorsal margin absent. Cutting margin with lobular basal tooth well developed proximally, with flattened corneous scales, followed by row of wide corneous scales up to distal end. Propodus: outer surface granulate. Palmar crest rectangular with outer surface excavated, margin with scales. Cutting margin of fixed finger with flattened corneous scales over its entire surface, with lobular basal tooth well developed proximally and acuminate corneous scale on distal end. Scattered tufts of long setae over inner surface, and alongside inner and outer surfaces next to cutting margin. Scattered scales and scales clustered into groups of 2 or 3 on inner surface. Carpus: dorsal margin with two tubercles proximally, two median spines with terminal corneous scale, one tubercle, internally displaced from the margin, distally, with terminal corneous scale, and sub-terminal lobe well defined, pointed, with corneous scales and setae apically. Inner surface with three tubercles with terminal corneous scale and setae. Outer surface with carpal ridge elevated along entire length, with scales clustered into groups of 3 &lt;b&gt;&ndash;&lt;/b&gt; 5. Merus: dorsal margin with one tubercle. Dorsolateral edge with row of corneous scales and tubercles with corneous scales on distal third. Ventromesial edge with five tubercles decreasing in size proximally. Ventrolateral border with two tubercles distally, followed by row of scales clustered into groups of 2 &lt;b&gt;&ndash;&lt;/b&gt; 3. Ischium: dorsolateral edge with distal spine with terminal corneous scale. Ventromesial border ornamented with one proximal tubercle, one median tubercle and one distal tubercle with one terminal corneous scale each (Fig. 2C, 6A).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Minor chelipeds (right) similar to major chelipeds except as noted hereafter (Fig. 2D, 5B, 6B): Propodus: palmar crest rectangular to subdisciform. Merus: ventromesial edge with four tubercles decreasing in size proximally.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Second, third and fourth pereiopods morphologically similar; general surface of dactylus, propodus and carpus with longitudinal lines of short setae and scales; dorsal margin of merus and ischium with long tufts setae; ventral margin of ischium with tufts of setae.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Pleopods 2&ndash;5 absent.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Anterolateral angle of second abdominal epimeron unarmed, with small setae (Fig. 2E, 6C). Anterior margin of second abdominal epimeron slightly concave.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Uropods wide (WU/HWT = 1.18). Telson divided by longitudinal suture (Fig. 6D).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Variations.&lt;/b&gt; Anterolateral angle of the carapace projected with a conical spine, protruding anteriorly, may just reach basal margin of the cornea. Of the 20 paratypes analyzed, the spine in 13 individuals is longer, extending beyond the basal margin of the cornea.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The shape of the cardiac area may vary in some specimens, being trapezoidal (n = 15) or subrectangular (n = 5).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The third thoracic sternite may vary from abrupt (n = 13) to tapered (n = 7).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Uropods may vary between narrow (n = 9) and wide (n = 11).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Biology.&lt;/b&gt; Unknown.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Etymology.&lt;/b&gt; The specific epithet &ldquo;okora&rdquo;, from the indigenous Kaingang language &ldquo;ȍkor&rdquo; means &ldquo;pine cone seed in the water&rdquo;, refers Pinh&atilde;o City where the type-locality is located. It is a noun in apposition.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Molecular data.&lt;/b&gt; A total of 511 bp of COI were analyzed. No insertions, deletions or stop-codons were detected, indicating that all amplified regions correspond to a functional portion of the COI gene.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; The genetic distance between &lt;i&gt;Aegla okora&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; and the other species included in the analysis ranged from 0.017 to 0.041 (Tab. 2). &lt;i&gt;Aegla parana&lt;/i&gt; e &lt;i&gt;A. schmitti&lt;/i&gt; presented the smallest genetic distance from A. okora &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt;, with a value of 0.017 for both. On the other hand, &lt;i&gt;A. meloi&lt;/i&gt; was most divergent from &lt;i&gt;A. okora&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt;, with a value of 0.041. The intra-populational distance ranged from 0.000 in &lt;i&gt;A. parva&lt;/i&gt; to 0.002 in &lt;i&gt;A. okora&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; However, &lt;i&gt;A. parana and A. schmitti&lt;/i&gt; showed an intraspecific variation of up to 0.044 and 0.024, respectively (Tab. 2).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; The GMYC analysis suggests the presence of seven independent strains within the analyzed samples. All sequences of &lt;i&gt;Aegla okora&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; were grouped in a single clade, indicating a single species. On the other hand, the disjunct distribution of the sequences of two species analyzed (&lt;i&gt;A. parana and A. schmitti&lt;/i&gt;) suggests merophyletic clusters (Fig. 7).&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Páez, Fernanda Polli, Marçal, Ingrid Costa, Souza-Shibatta, Lenice, Gregati, Rafael Augusto, Sofia, Silvia Helena &amp; Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro, 2018, A new species of Aegla Leach, 1820 (Crustacea, Anomura) from the Iguaçu River basin, Brazil, pp. 335-346 in Zootaxa 4527 (3)&lt;/i&gt; on pages 338-342, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4527.3.3, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/2612284"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/2612284&lt;/a&gt