Experimental and clinical study of the efficacy of medicines containing omega-3 and 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases

Over the recent years, the attention of scientists regarding the search for alternative means of treatment, including local therapy, of inflammatory skin diseases, has been focused in recent years on medicines containing omega-3 and 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). To substantiate the feasibility of using medicines containing omega-3 and 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants in the treatment of inflammatory skin disease

Limited protection of macro-Aggregate-occluded organic carbon in Siberian steppe soils

Macro-aggregates especially in agricultural steppe soils are supposed to play a vital role for soil organic carbon (OC) stabilization at a decadal timescale. While most research on soil OC stabilization in steppes focused on North American prairie soils of the Great Plains with information mainly provided by short-term incubation experiments, little is known about the agricultural steppes in southwestern Siberia, though they belong to the greatest conversion areas in the world and occupy an area larger than that in the Great Plains. To quantify the proportion of macro-aggregate-protected OC under different land use as function of land use intensity and time since land use change (LUC) from pasture to arable land in Siberian steppe soils, we determined OC mineralization rates of intact (250–2000 µm) and crushed (< 250 µm) macro-aggregates in long-term incubations over 401 days (20 °C; 60 % water holding capacity) along two agricultural chronosequences in the Siberian Kulunda steppe. Additionally, we incubated bulk soil (< 2000 µm) to determine the effect of LUC and subsequent agricultural use on a fast and a slow soil OC pool (labile vs. more stable OC), as derived from fitting exponential-decay models to incubation data. We hypothesized that (i) macro-aggregate crushing leads to increased OC mineralization due to an increasing microbial accessibility of a previously occluded labile macro-aggregate OC fraction, and (ii) bulk soil OC mineralization rates and the size of the fast OC pool are higher in pasture than in arable soils with decreasing bulk soil OC mineralization rates and size of the fast OC pool as land use intensity and time since LUC increase. Against our hypothesis, OC mineralization rates of crushed macro-aggregates were similar to those of intact macro-aggregates under all land use regimes. Macro-aggregate-protected OC was almost absent and accounted for < 1 % of the total macro-aggregate OC content and to a maximum of 8 ± 4 % of mineralized OC. In accordance to our second hypothesis, highest bulk soil OC mineralization rates and sizes of the fast OC pool were determined under pasture, but mineralization rates and pool sizes were unaffected by land use intensity and time since LUC. However, at one chronosequence mean residence times of the fast and slow OC pool tended to decrease with increasing time since establishment of arable use. We conclude that the tillage-induced breakdown of macro-aggregates has not reduced the OC contents in the soils under study. The decline of OC after LUC is probably attributed to the faster soil OC turnover under arable land as compared to pasture at a reduced plant residue input.BMBF/01 LL 0905Russian Ministry of Education and Science/14.B25.31.003

Остеосаркопения: патогенез, диагностика и возможности терапии

Osteosarcopenia was identified as a separate syndrome in 2009, and is defined as a combination of sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis. Osteosarcopenia develops mainly in old age, leads to a decrease in quality of life, an increased risk of falls and low-traumatic fractures. Patients with osteosarcopenia have worse indicators of physical functions, compared with people suffering from only one of the components of the syndrome. An important role in the osteosarcopenia prevention is played by the lifestyle of patients, Adherence to diet with the consumption of adequate amount of protein, physical activity and preventive prescription of calcium and vitamin D are important for osteosarcopenia prevention. The article summarizes data on the prevalence, pathogenesis and risk factors of osteosarcopenia, provides diagnostic criteria for the disease and discusses therapeutic approaches.Остеосаркопения, выделенная как отдельный синдром относительно недавно, в 2009 г., представляет собой сочетание саркопении и остеопении или остеопороза. Остеосаркопения развивается преимущественно в пожилом возрасте, приводит к снижению качества жизни пациентов, повышению риска падений и патологических переломов у ослабленных пациентов. При этом пациенты с остеосаркопенией имеют худшие показатели физических функций по сравнению с лицами, страдающими лишь одним из компонентов синдрома. Важную роль в профилактике остеосаркопении играют образ жизни пациентов, соблюдение режима питания с потреблением адекватного количества белка, расширение физической активности, превентивное назначение препаратов кальция и витамина D. В статье суммированы данные о распространенности, патогенезе, факторах риска остеосаркопении, приведены диагностические критерии заболевания и подробно рассмотрены направления медикаментозной терапии

Physiological and biochemical parameters of drought tolerance of some genotypes of garden roses

To identify drought resistance of the studied genotypes of garden roses during the period of maximum probability of drought on the Southern Coast of the Crimea, the water regime, proline concentration, enzyme activity and chlorophyll fluorescence induction parameters under controlled dehydration were studied. Analysis of water regime parameters showed that under conditions of water stress, the best water-holding and recovery capabilities were shown by leaves of cv. ‘Borisfen’ and R. hugonis species. Species R. indica, R. bracteata, R. rouletti, R. foetida showed instability of water regime under conditions imitating dry weather. Studies of changes in biochemical parameters revealed that under relatively mild wilting conditions after removal of stress, metabolic processes are restored in R. hugonis, R. bracteata, R. indica and cv. ‘Borisfen’. Wilting under conditions imitating dry weather does not cause irreversible metabolic disturbances in R. hugonis, R. bracteata, and cv. ‘Borisfen’. Under different wilting conditions, cv. ‘Borisfen’and R. foetida species had relatively stable functioning of FS II. Simulation of dry weather led to irreversible disturbances in the oxygen-releasing complex and thylakoid destruction in R. gallica during the stressor, and in R. indica and R. bracteata species - after recovery of water availability. The highest drought tolerance is in in cv. ‘Borisfen’and R. hugonis sprcies

Эпигенетические аспекты остеопороза

This review describes the epigenetic regulation of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis and its future implementation in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. A considerable part of the review is dedicated to the microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small regulatory factors that regulate gene expression, by post-transcriptional regulation of genes playing an important role in numerous cellular processes, including cell differentiation and apoptosis. Recently, a number of studies have revealed that miRNAs participate in bone homeostasis and their role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis is practically evident. In this review, we highlight the miRNAs involved in bone remodelling and their roles in osteoporosis. miRNAs are stable molecules which make them promising potential markers for bone remodeling and osteoporosis.Обсуждаются перспективы использования эпигенетических механизмов регуляции остеобласто- и остеокластогенеза в ранней диагностике и лечении остеопороза. Особое внимание уделено классу малых некодирующих регуляторных РНК — микроРНК (мкРНК), которые контролируют экспрессию генов на посттранскрипционном уровне, участвуя практически во всех биологических процессах в клетке, включая клеточную дифференцировку и апоптоз. Изучение роли мкРНК в регуляции костного обмена начаты относительно недавно, однако все более очевидно их участие в патогенезе остеопороза. В статье приведен профиль микроРНК, наиболее значимо влияющих на костный метаболизм. Устойчивость мкРНК к разрушению в периферической крови дает возможность рассматривать некоторые специфичные для костной ткани мкРНК в качестве потенциальных диагностических маркеров костного ремоделированияи остеопороза

Изучение эффективности изолирующего крема Барьедерм при дерматозах

Goal. The aim of the study is evaluation of the effectiveness of a barrier cream Bariederm in combined therapy of dermatoses. Materials and Methods. 3 groups of patients were examined: 32 patients with allergic contact dermatitis, 22 female patients with cold and wind induced dermatitis and 23 children aged 5 years and under with cutaneons mastocytosis. All of them were treated with Bariederm cream. Results. Including of Bariederm cream in combined treatment fetched to increase of clinical efficiency in treatment of dermatoses. Bariederm cream is also well tolerated.Цель. Изучение эффективности изолирующего крема Барьедерм в комплексной терапии заболеваний кожи у взрослых и детей. Материал и методы. Наблюдали 3 группы пациентов: 1-ю группу составили 32 человека, больных аллергическим контактным дерматитом, во 2-ю группу вошли 22 женщины, страдавшие простым раздражительным дерматитом от воздействия ветра и холода в зимнее время, в 3-ю - 23 ребенка в возрасте до 5 лет с кожными формами мастоцитоза. В комплексную терапию пациентов включали крем Барьедерм. Результаты. Включение крема Барьедерм в комплексную терапию пациентов привело к существенному возрастанию клинического эффекта. Отмечена хорошая переносимость крема Барьедерм пациентами

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPRING TRITICALE VARIETIES IN THE WESTERN SIBERIAN FOREST-STEPPE ZONE UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF VEGETATION

Spring triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) for Western Siberia is new and poorly studied culture. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of spring triticale varieties and breeding lines and their adaptation to diferent conditions in Western Siberia. A ield experiment was conducted in Novosibirsk region, Russia in 2014. The experiment included seven spring triticale genotypes: the elite variety Ukro, three mutant forms of the facultative type of development (Sirs 57/2/4, Cecad 90/5, О.312/38) and three hybrids (Sirs 57/2/4 x Ukro, Ukro x K-3881, the complex hybrid winter wheat Filatovka x winter rye Korotko stebelnaya 69304 x Sirs 57/2/4). They were studied at two sowing rates (400 seeds per m2 and 800 seeds per m2) and on two sowing dates (15 May 2014 and 27 May 2014). The following attributes were measured: grain yield, number of ears, plant height, yield components (ear length, number of spikelets per ear, number of grains per ear, grains weight per ear) and yield quality (1 000-grain weight and test weight of one-liter grain volume). The three-factor analysis of variance revealed that sowing rate efect explained the major part of the total experimental variation in almost all of the traits, except 1 000-grain weight and test weight, the variation of which was determined predominantly by genotype efect. The highest grain productivity of varieties was obtained for the 15 May sowing date at the 400 seeds per m2 sowing rate. The three mutant forms used in the experiment showed a lower level of adaptability in comparison with the variety Ukro