Simultaneous cyclization and derivatization of peptides using cyclopentenediones

Unprotected linear peptides containing N-terminal cysteines and another cysteine residue can be simultaneously cyclized and derivatized using 2,2-disubstituted cyclopentenediones. High yields of cyclic peptide conjugates may be obtained in short reaction times using only a slight excess of the cyclopentenedione moiety under TEMPO catalysis and in the presence of LiCl

Dos pavellons entre una dictadura

El 1937 se celebrava a París l'Exposició Internacional. Trenta-nou anys després, a Venècia, un cop més s'obrien les portes de la Biennal d'Art. En ambdós esdeveniments, Espanya hi era present: a París, i amb el país sumit en una guerra fratricida, Guernica va suposar el cant del cigne per a la llibertat; a Venècia, mentre agonitzava la dictadura, Aidez l'Espagne es tornava a convertir en el crit per la llibertat de l'au fènix que ressorgia de les cendres. Aquest article analitza la presència cultural d'Espanya a través de les manifestacions artístiques que van actuar de targeta propagandista d'un país que lluitava per mantenir (1937) i recuperar (1976) la democràcia i les llibertats. El 19 de juliol de 1992, cinquanta-sis anys després del començament de la Guerra Civil espanyola, el rei Joan Carles I inaugurava a Barcelona la reconstrucció del pavelló espanyol de l'exposició de París, el qual es podia haver convertit en un autèntic paradigma de l'art públic.1937 marked the celebration of the International Exposition in Paris. Thirty-nine years later, in Venice, the Venice Biennial (Biennale dArte) was held. Spain was present on both occasions: in Paris, while the country was immersed in civil war and with Guernica representing the swansong of liberty; in Venice, with the dictatorship in decline and «Aidez lEspagne» once again becoming the cry for freedom of a phoenix arising from the ashes. This paper analyzes Spains cultural presence through the works of art employed as publicity/propaganda on behalf of a country fighting to maintain (1937) and recover/regain (1976) democracy and freedom. On July 19, 1992, fifty-six years after the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, King Juan Carlos I inaugurated the reconstructed Spanish Pavilion from the Paris Exposition, in Barcelona. This act could have become a true paradigm of public art

Risk of Falls in Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study of 160 Patients

Falls are a major source of disability in Parkinson's disease. Risk factors for falling in Parkinson's disease remain unclear. To determine the relevant risk factors for falling in Parkinson's disease, we screened 160 consecutive patients with Parkinson's disease for falls and assessed 40 variables. A comparison between fallers and nonfallers was performed using statistical univariate analyses, followed by bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, receiver-operating characteristics analysis, and Kaplan-Meier curves. 38.8% of patients experienced falls since the onset of Parkinson's disease (recurrent in 67%). Tinetti Balance score and Hoehn and Yahr staging were the best independent variables associated with falls. The Tinetti Balance test predicted falls with 71% sensitivity and 79% specificity and Hoehn and Yahr staging with 77% sensitivity and 71% specificity. The risk of falls increased exponentially with age, especially from 70 years onward. Patients aged >70 years at the onset of Parkinson's disease experienced falls significantly earlier than younger patients

Dopamine Dysregulation Syndrome and Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson's Disease

Dopamine dysregulation syndrome is a complication of the dopaminergic treatment in Parkinson's disease that may be very disabling due to the negative impact that compulsive medication use may have on patients' social, psychological, and physical functioning. The relationship between subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation and dopamine dysregulation syndrome in patients with Parkinson's disease remains unclear. Deep brain stimulation may improve, worsen, or have no effect on preoperative dopamine dysregulation syndrome. Moreover, dopamine dysregulation syndrome may appear for the first time after deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. The outcome of postoperative dopamine dysregulation syndrome is poor despite stimulation and medication adjustments. Here we review the phenomenology and neurobiology of this disorder, discuss possible mechanisms that may underlie the diverse outcomes of dopamine dysregulation syndrome after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation, and propose management strategies

Formulación de un plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa dedicada al procesamiento y reciclaje de escoria de metales no ferrosos

Los materiales no ferrosos como el aluminio y el bronce son 100% reciclables, además el refundido del aluminio por ejemplo, requiere sólo un 5% de la energía necesaria para producir el metal primario inicial. La fundición de aluminio secundario implica su producción a partir de productos usados de dicho metal (reciclaje, escorias, etc), los que son procesados para recuperar metales mediante pretratamiento, fundición y refinado. Para proceder al reciclaje de estos metales, se debe realizar una clasificación de la chatarra y compactarla adecuadamente. Los residuos de materiales no ferrosos son fáciles de manejar porque son ligeros, no arden, no se oxidan, se pueden trasportar sin mayor inconveniente, además son materiales cotizados, rentables y proporcionan una fuente de ingresos y ocupación para la mano de obra no calificada. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es formular un plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa que se dedique al procesamiento y reciclaje de escoria de estos metales, convirtiendo dicho proceso en una alternativa de negocio viable, al ofrecer un servicio a las empresas del sector que no cuentan con los recursos necesarios para manejar estos residuos peligrosos. Para lograr este objetivo, se contactaran 40 empresas representativas del sector metalmecánico, mediante encuestas directas, lo que permitirá establecer las necesidades frente al tema del reciclaje, la cantidad de producción tanto de aluminio y bronce como escoria o desperdicio de los mismos generados dentro de su proceso productivo, los competidores y clientes potenciales para los productos y servicios que la empresa desea comercializar. Con la información recolectada se realizará el plan de negocios, su respectivo análisis financiero y el plan de mercadeo que permita establecer la viabilidad del proyecto

Stepwise Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Nucleopeptides

Phosphodiester‐linked peptide‐oligonucleotide conjugates (nucleopeptides) are obtained by stepwise solid‐phase procedures. The peptide is first assembled on a suitably derivatized solid matrix and the oligonucleotide is subsequently elongated at the free hydroxyl group of the linking amino acid. Temporary acid‐labile and permanent base‐labile protecting groups are combined. Careful choice of the protection scheme is required to prevent and minimize side reactions that may degrade the target molecule.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152587/1/cpnc0422.pd