Cultural heritage compensation: Approaches to transformation of sites with cultural values and architectural qualities

This proceeding is the last part of a research project investigating how compensation is expressed in designing detailed development plans in areas with heritage values and architectural qualities. The overall objective of the research project has been to produce new knowledge about heritage compensation as a concept, method and tool in planning processes. The researh project have been granted funding from the Swedish National Heritage Board’s R&D.The proceeding presents the third part of the project – the international workshop – called Architecture, cultural environment and compensation in planning processes. The workshop took place at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, 16-17 September 2019, and was organized as a joint venture between Kulturlandskapet (a cooperative heritage consultancy) and Building Design, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology. The theme in the invitation was summarized in the following way: On compensation as a concept, method and professional practice by architects, architectural conservators and archaeologists in planning processes. Ten scholars from contribute to the proceeding: Tom Davies, \ua0Athanasios Kouzelis, Mathilde Kirkegaard, Anders Larsson, Urban Nilsson, David Ross, Magnus R\uf6nn, Jennie Sj\uf6holm and Helena Ter\ue4v\ue4inen

Introduction

This proceeding is the last part of a research project investigating how compensation is expressed in designing detailed development plans in areas with heritage values and architectural qualities. The overall objective of the research project has been to produce new knowledge about heritage compensation as a concept, method and tool in planning processes. The researh project have been granted funding from the Swedish National Heritage Board’s R&D.The proceeding presents the third part of the project – the international workshop – called Architecture, cultural environment and compensation in planning processes. The workshop took place at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, 16-17 September 2019, and was organized as a joint venture between Kulturlandskapet (a cooperative heritage consultancy) and Building Design, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology. The theme in the invitation was summarized in the following way: On compensation as a concept, method and professional practice by architects, architectural conservators and archaeologists in planning processes

Cultural Heritage : Changing Ideas on Compensation in Planning

Compensation measures are a new method for handling impact on cultural heritage in land use planning. The idea with compensation measures can be understood as an extension of the polluter pays principle. Today, compensation measures are mainly used when natural environments are damaged by development, but it is also possible to use compensation measures when a project results in negative impact on cultural heritage. However, there is a lack of experience in using compensation when it comes to the latter.   In our work as heritage consultants, we have experienced difficulties in implementing compensa-tion measures in projects and assignments. Since 2013, we have organised a research project dealing with compensation measures and cultural heritage; aiming towards a new practice and better use of planning instruments. With this paper, we want to share our results from four case studies where development impact on cultural heritage has led to discussions about, and imple-mentation of, compensation measures.   By using case studies from four different types of development, we wanted to find patterns in the use of compensation measures in planning processes. The results show an uncertainty in understanding compensation as a concept. This is due to an absence of practice dealing with compensation measures; cultural heritage values are not addressed in a proper way in negotia-tions over land access.   Several instruments for compensation measures in planning processes can actually be found in the law and land use of the Swedish planning system, but they are not being used properly, which results in a negative impact on the cultural heritage. After two years of analysing and discussing our case studies in workshops and conferences, we have concluded that there is a strong need for clarifying planning instruments and for developing a professional practice dealing with compensa-tion measures.QC 20160818Styrmedel och kompensationsåtgärder inom kulturmiljöområde

Styrmedel och kompensationsåtgärder inom kulturmiljöområdet : Sammanfattning och slutsatser av FoU-projekt

Projektet Styrmedel och kompensationsåtgärder inom kulturmiljöområdet har genomförts av Kulturlandskapet i Fjällbacka i samarbete med KTH/A, GU samt SLU och med bidrag från Riksantikvarieämbetets FoU-anslag. Projektet har bestått av tre delar. En första del utgjordes av en faktagenomgång som omfattade begreppsanalys och juridisk analys, vilka tillämpades i fyra fallstudier. Del två utgjordes av testbäddar/workshoppar där begrepp, analysmodellen och fallstudierna låg till grund för vidare diskussioner och analyser. Slutligen har en konferens arrangerats där resultaten från projektet presenterats och diskuterats.  På konferensen presenterades också flera exempel på kommunal planering som inbegriper kompensation av kulturmiljövärden.   I föreliggande rapport sammanfattas resultaten från dessa tre delar. Projektets slutsatser baserade på erfarenheter från fallstudier, workshoppar och konferens är att:   •   Det saknas professionell och rättslig praxis för arbete med kompensation vid påverkan på kulturmiljöer. •   I kommunal planering har former för kompensation utvecklats genom olika typer av avtalslösningar. •   Vissa av dessa kommunala praktiker går längre än lagstiftningen och arbetar med balansering som princip. •   Kompensationsåtgärder behöver ges en tydligare koppling mellan värde/betydelse och själva åtgärden. •   Kvalitativa värden, som kulturmiljövärden, behöver behandlas tidigt i en planprocess, så att en prissättning av hänsynskrav och eventuella kompensationskrav kan ske på ett jämställt sätt. •   Transparensen i planprocessen behöver förstärkas. •   Gällande juridiska styrmedel fungerar dåligt och behöver justeras. •   Landskapskonventionen behöver implementeras i svensk lagstiftning. •   Utifrån detta utkristalliseras ett antal kunskapsbehov och behov av lagändringar: -   Erfarenheter från kommunala praktiker behöver studeras och utvecklas till en gemensam grund. -   Råd och beskrivning av processen för kompensation i planer och projekt. -   Utbildning i de juridiska förutsättningarna för kompensationskrav. -   Utveckling av de nationella målen avseende kulturmiljö och landskap. -   Förändrad lagstiftning behövs avseende möjlighet till kompensation enligt plan och bygglagen. -   Balansering bör tillämpas som grundläggande princip för miljölagstiftningen.QC 20151123</p

A study of the material in the ATLAS inner detector using secondary hadronic interactions

"The ATLAS inner detector is used to reconstruct secondary vertices due to hadronic interactions of primary collision products, so probing the location and amount of material in the inner region of ATLAS. Data collected in 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC, with a minimum bias trigger, are used for comparisons with simulated events. The reconstructed secondary vertices have spatial resolutions ranging from similar to 200 mu m to 1 mm. The overall material description in the simulation is validated to within an experimental uncertainty of about 7%. This will lead to a better understanding of the reconstruction of various objects such as tracks, leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum.

A study of the material in the ATLAS inner detector using secondary hadronic interactions

"The ATLAS inner detector is used to reconstruct secondary vertices due to hadronic interactions of primary collision products, so probing the location and amount of material in the inner region of ATLAS. Data collected in 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC, with a minimum bias trigger, are used for comparisons with simulated events. The reconstructed secondary vertices have spatial resolutions ranging from similar to 200 mu m to 1 mm. The overall material description in the simulation is validated to within an experimental uncertainty of about 7%. This will lead to a better understanding of the reconstruction of various objects such as tracks, leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum.