Critical success factors for offshore airports : a comparative evaluation

The booming aviation sector is worldwide increasingly faced with capacityconstraints at both the land and air side. In recent years various countries have tried toovercome the land-based bottlenecks by the design and construction of new offshoreairports. This paper aims to identify and assess the critical success factors for tworecently built island airports, viz. in Hong Kong and Osaka. The analysis addressessuccess conditions at both the corporate and the regional level. The methodologicalbasis for the comparative investigation deploys the so-called pentagon prism. Theresults show that island airports may seem to offer a favorable land use andenvironmental solution, but face at the same time severe financial and maritimeecology problems

On the poverty of a priorism: technology, surveillance in the workplace and employee responses

Many debates about surveillance at work are framed by a set of a priori assumptions about the nature of the employment relationship that inhibits efforts to understand the complexity of employee responses to the spread of new technology at work. In particular, the debate about the prevalence of resistance is hamstrung from the outset by the assumption that all apparently non-compliant acts, whether intentional or not, are to be counted as acts of resistance. Against this background this paper seeks to redress the balance by reviewing results from an ethnographic study of surveillance-capable technologies in a number of British workplaces. It argues for greater attention to be paid to the empirical character of the social relations at work in and through which technologies are deployed and in the context of which employee responses are played out

Confronting the “fraud bottleneck”: private sanctions for fraud and their implications for justice

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the ways in which contemporary organisations are imposing their own private sanctions on fraudsters. Design/methodology/approach – The research draws on primary data from interviews with counter fraud practitioners in the UK, secondary sources and case examples. Findings – Such developments have been stimulated, at least in part, by the broader limitations of the criminal justice system and in particular a “fraud bottleneck”. Alongside criminal sanctions, many examples are provided of organisations employing private prosecutions innovative forms of civil sanction and “pseudo state” sanctions, most commonly civil penalties comparable to fines. Research limitations/implications – Such changes could mark the beginning of the “rebirth of private prosecution” and the further expansion of private punishment. Growing private involvement in state sanctions and the development of private sanctions represents a risk to traditional guarantees of justice. There are differences in which comparable frauds are dealt with by corporate bodies and thus considerable inconsistency in sanctions imposed. In contrast with criminal justice measures, there is no rehabilitative element to private sanctions. More research is needed to assess the extent of such measures, and establish what is happening, the wider social implications, and whether greater state regulation is needed. Practical implications – Private sanctions for fraud are likely to continue to grow, as organisations pursue their own measures rather than relying on increasingly over-stretched criminal justice systems. Their emergence, extent and implications are not fully understood by researchers and therefore need much more research, consideration and debate. These private measures need to be more actively recognised by criminal justice policy-makers and analysts alongside the already substantial formal involvement of the private sector in punishment through prisons, electronic tagging and probation, for example. Such measures lack the checks and balances, and greater degree of consistency as laid out in sentencing guidelines, of the criminal justice system. In light of this, consideration needs to be given to greater state regulation of private sanctions for fraud. More also needs to be done to help fraudsters suffering problems such as debt or addiction to rebuild their lives. There is a strong case for measures beyond the criminal justice system to support such fraudsters to be created and publicly promoted. Originality/value – The findings are of relevance to criminal justice policy-makers, academics and counter fraud practitioners in the public and private sectors

Evaluating the case for greater use of private prosecutions in England and Wales for fraud offences

This paper considers the challenges and opportunities that exist in England and Wales for the use of private prosecutions for Fraud. It considers the need for sanctions against fraudsters: looks at the prosecution landscape as it has evolved, especially during the 21st century: considers the legal basis for private prosecution and gives a brief history of its extent. The advantages and disadvantages associated with private prosecution are considered and recommendations made on the changes needed before there could be significant developments in the use of private prosecutions

Airport route development: a survey of current practice

To develop air services and in many cases tourism flows, airports focus their marketing effort on airlines through a process known as route development. Whilst route development is a well-known concept within the airport industry it has received limited attention in academic or industry literature. As a result little knowledge is shared about why airports use route development, what are the most common methods and what is the general level of involvement. To fill the gap, this paper investigates airport route development practice using an online survey of 124 airports worldwide. Findings show that the vast majority of airports are actively involved in route development for a range of objectives and that the process and level of involvement is extensive, although this often depends on airport size, location or ownership. Results are particularly relevant to airports that are less advanced in route development activities and also those seeking to debate route and tourism development strategies with stakeholders