Comparative analysis of some modeal reconstruction methods of the cornea from corneal elevation data

Purpose. A comparative study of the ability of some modal schemes to reproduce corneal shapes of varying complexity is performed, using both standard radial polynomials and the radial basis functions (RBF). Our claim is that the correct approach in the case of highly irregular corneas should combine several bases. Methods. Standard approaches of reconstruction by Zernike and other types of radial polynomials are compared with the discrete least squares fit (LSF) by the RBF in three theoretical surfaces, synthetically generated by computer algorithms in the lack of measurement noise. For the reconstruction by polynomials the maximal radial order 6 was chosen, which corresponds to the first 28 Zernike polynomials or the first 49 Bhatia-Wolf polynomials. The fit with the RBF has been carried out using a regular grid of centers. Results. The quality of fit was assessed by computing for each surface the mean square errors (MSE) of the reconstruction by LSF, measured at the same nodes where the heights were collected. Another criterion of the fitting quality used was the accuracy in recovery of the Zernike coefficients, especially in the case of incomplete data. Conclusions. The Zernike (and especially, the Bhatia-Wolf) polynomials constitute a reliable reconstruction method of a non-severely aberrated surface with a small surface regularity index (SRI). However, they fail to capture small deformations of the anterior surface of a synthetic cornea. The most promising is a combined approach that balances the robustness of the Zernike fit with the localization of the RBF

Comparative Analysis of Some Modal Reconstruction Methods of the Shape of the Cornea from Corneal Elevation Data

Purpose: A comparative study of the ability of some modal schemes to reproduce corneal shapes of varying complexity was performed, by using both standard radial polynomials and radial basis functions (RBFs). The hypothesis was that the correct approach in the case of highly irregular corneas should combine several bases. Methods: Standard approaches of reconstruction by Zernike and other types of radial polynomials were compared with the discrete least-squares fit (LSF) by the RBF in three theoretical surfaces, synthetically generated by computer algorithms in the absence of measurement noise. For the reconstruction by polynomials, the maximal radial order 6 was chosen, which corresponds to the first 28 Zernike polynomials or the first 49 Bhatia-Wolf polynomials. The fit with the RBF was performed by using a regular grid of centers. Results: The quality of fit was assessed by computing for each surface the mean square errors (MSEs) of the reconstruction by LSF, measured at the same nodes where the heights were collected. Another criterion of the fit quality used was the accuracy in recovery of the Zernike coefficients, especially in the case of incomplete data. Conclusions: The Zernike (and especially, the Bhatia-Wolf) polynomials constitute a reliable reconstruction method of a nonseverely aberrated surface with a small surface regularity index (SRI). However, they fail to capture small deformations of the anterior surface of a synthetic cornea. The most promising approach is a combined one that balances the robustness of the Zernike fit with the localization of the RBF

Sistemas de manejo del suelo y sus efectos sobre el cultivo de agrios

En esta comunicación se plantean varios sistemas de manejo del suelo: laboreo mecánico con diferentes aperos (fresadora, cavadora y cultivador), técnicas de no laboreo y laboreo mixto. De cada sistema se ha determinado por un lado los consumos de energía, rendimientos y costes que supone; por otro, se ha seguido la evolución de ciertas propiedades físicas del suelo (densidad aparente, infiltración y compactación) y en especial las que se relacionan con el almacenamiento y contenido de agua. Finalmente se analiza los efectos que en la calidad y producción de frutos hayan podido tener cada uno de los diversos sistemas de manejo del suelo estudiados. Los resultados obtenidos corresponden a una experiencia realizada en la Comunidad Valenciana durante los tres últimos años

Neck circumference and clustered cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents: Cross-sectional study

Objective Early detection of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as obesity, is crucial to prevent adverse long-term effects on individuals'' health. Therefore, the aims were: (1) to explore the robustness of neck circumference (NC) as a predictor of CVD and examine its association with numerous anthropometric and body composition indices and (2) to release sex and age-specific NC cut-off values to classify youths as overweight/obese. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting 23 primary schools and 17 secondary schools from Spain. Participants 2198 students (1060 girls), grades 1-4 and 7-10. Measures Pubertal development, anthropometric and body composition indices, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively), cardiorespiratory fitness, blood sampling triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), glucose and inflammatory markers. Homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and cluster of CVD risk factors were calculated. Results NC was positively correlated with all anthropometric and body composition indices. NC was negatively associated with maximum oxygen consumption (R 2 =0.231, p<0.001 for boys; R 2 =0.018, p<0.001 for girls) and positively associated with SBP, DBP, TC/HDL-c, TG, HOMA, complement factors C-3 and C-4, leptin, adiponectin and clustered CVD risk factor in both sexes (R 2 from 0.035 to 0.353, p<0.01 for boys; R 2 from 0.024 to 0.215, p<0.001 for girls). Moreover, NC was positively associated with serum C reactive protein, LDL-c and visfatin only in boys (R 2 from 0.013 to 0.107, p<0.05). Conclusion NC is a simple, low-cost and practical screening tool of excess of upper body obesity and CVD risk factors in children and adolescents. Paediatricians can easily use it as a screening tool for overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. For this purpose, sex and age-specific thresholds to classify children and adolescents as normal weight or overweight/obese are provided

MYDAS. Un preprocesador para elementos de contorno

Trabajo reproducido y difundido en el repositorio idUS con permiso de la Asociación Española de Ingeniería Mecánica (AEIM)Se presenta un preprocesador bi y tridimensional para elementos de contorno, con generador automático de mallas, haciendo comentario de sus características generales, comunicación con el usuario, descripción de la base de datos y realización de algunos ejemplos.A bi and tridimensional preprocessor with automatic mesh generation for the boundary element method (BEM) is presented. Its general characteristics, user interface and data base description are explained. Sorne examples are also presented

The Importance Of Monoclonal Proteins Determination For The Correct Diagnosis Of Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis By [Tc-99m]Tc-diphosphonates

EPS-066 Aim/Introduction: To analyze the influence of the determination of free monoclonal proteins in blood and urine in the final diagnosis of Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis (TTRA). Materials and Methods: We have analyzed 200 [99mTc]Tc-diphosphonates scans: 192 performed on 190 patients under suspicion of TTRA and 7 patients with grade II-III radiotracer myocardial deposit as a casual finding (November/2013 - January/2020). Likewise, clinical and laboratory characteristics (heart failure, LVEF, proBNP levels, immunofixation in serum and/or urine for the detection of monoclonal chains and chronic renal failure) have been evaluated. A positive case has been considered for TTRAwt or senile (Score Perugini II-III scan, negative immunofixation in serum and/or urine, negative genetic study), positive case for hereditary TTRA (Score Perugini II-III scan, negative immunofixation and positive genetic study), positive case for secondary amyloidosis (positive immunofixation and presence of hematologic malignancy) and undetermined amyloidosis (immunofixation not performed or positive and absence of haematologic malignancies at follow-up). Results: 59 positive scans have been detected, 47 men (79’7%) and 12 women (20’3%). The mean age of the group of positives was 82’66 years, while that of the negatives was 72’15. The mean proBNP levels in the positives are 7561, compared to 5869 in the negative group. Immunofixation (serum and/or urine for detection of kappa or lambda monoclonal chains at 30 (50.8%) has been performed on these patients. Finally, 37.2% (22/59) resulted in ATTRwt, 3.4% (2/59) hereditary ATTR (genetic study: variant E54Q and mutation c.424> A (p.Va.122Ile) in exon 4 of TTR) and 1.7% (1/59) secondary amyloidosis. The remaining 34/59 (57.7%) cases were undetermined amyloidosis (6 positive immunofixation and 27 without monoclonal proteins determination). Conclusion: Determination of monoclonal bands in blood and urine is mandatory to correctly characterize cases of cardiac amyloidosis and, in presence of monoclonal bands, to assess the existence of underlying haematological malignancies

Inusual evolución de artritis reactiva tras inmunoterapia endovesical con BCG

La instilación intravesical de BCG (Bacilo de Calmette-Guerin) es una terapia preparada con cepas debilitadas de Mycobacterium bovis y constituye un tratamiento complementario eficaz para el cáncer de vejiga superficial (no musculoinfiltrante o no invasivo) de alto riesgo. Aunque la seguridad para su uso clínico es alta, la inmunoterapia endovesical no está exenta de complicaciones. La artralgia y la artritis son complicaciones infrecuentes, pero potencialmente severas, cuyo diagnóstico temprano puede permitir un tratamiento médico adecuado y evitar la cronificación de la patología. El presente caso muestra el manejo terapéutico de la artrosis coxofemoral en una mujer de 59 años, una complicación grave e infrecuente, secundaria a una patología poco común como la artritis reactiva debida a la instilación de BCG. Intravesical instillation of BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin) is a therapy prepared with weakened strains of Mycobacterium bovis and is an effective complementary treatment for high-risk (non-musculoinfiltrating or non-invasive) bladder cancer. Although its safety for clinical use is high, endovesical immunotherapy is not without complications. Arthralgia and arthritis are infrequent, but potentially severe, complications, the early diagnosis of which can allow adequate medical treatment and avoid chronification of the pathology. This case shows the therapeutic management of hip osteoarthritis in a 59-year-old woman, a rare and serious complication, secondary to a rare pathology such as reactive arthritis due to BCG instillation

Neck circumference and clustered cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents: Cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: Early detection of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as obesity, is crucial to prevent adverse long-term effects on individuals' health. Therefore, the aims were: (1) to explore the robustness of neck circumference (NC) as a predictor of CVD and examine its association with numerous anthropometric and body composition indices and (2) to release sex and age-specific NC cut-off values to classify youths as overweight/obese. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: 23 primary schools and 17 secondary schools from Spain. PARTICIPANTS: 2198 students (1060 girls), grades 1-4 and 7-10. MEASURES: Pubertal development, anthropometric and body composition indices, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively), cardiorespiratory fitness, blood sampling triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), glucose and inflammatory markers. Homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and cluster of CVD risk factors were calculated. RESULTS: NC was negatively associated with maximum oxygen consumption (R2=0.231, P<0.001 for boys; R2=0.018, P<0.001 for girls) and adiponectin (R2=0.049, P<0.001 for boys; R2=0.036, P<0.001 for girls); and positively associated with SBP, DBP, TC/HDL-c, TG, HOMA, complement factors C-3 and C-4, leptin and clustered CVD risk factor in both sexes (R2 from 0.035 to 0.353, P<0.01 for boys; R2 from 0.024 to 0.215, P<0.001 for girls). Moreover, NC was positively associated with serum C reactive protein and LDL-c only in boys (R2 from 0.013 to 0.055, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: NC is a simple, low-cost and practical screening tool of excess of upper body obesity and CVD risk factors in children and adolescents. Paediatricians can easily use it as a screening tool for overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. For this purpose, sex and age-specific thresholds to classify children and adolescents as normal weight or overweight/obese are provided.This work was supported by the DEP 2010 21662 C04 00 (DEP 2010 21662 C04 01: DEP 2010 21662 C04 02: DEP 2010 21662 C04 03: DEP 2010 21662 C04 04) grant from the National Plan for Research: Development and Innovation (R+D+i) MICINN

Impact Of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy In Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

EPS 196 Aim/Introduction: To analyze how many of the patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) may benefit from SLNB, as well as the impact on patient management, especially in those with early axillary involvement. Materials and Methods: We included patients with breast carcinoma candidates to NCT discussed at the Tumor Committee of our hospital (April/2017-August/2019). All of them were subjected to clinical assessment, ultrasound and, if appropriate, histological analysis, axillary pre and post- NCT. Sentinel lymph node detection was performed after periareolar injection of [99mTc]Tc-nanocoloid (74 MBq) the day before surgery. In some cases, blue dye was injected and/or a pre-NPC metal clip was placed in the affected node. Results: Sixty-two patients were included. NCT achieved a complete breast response in 12 patients, partial in 46 and non-response in 4. Initially, 31 patients were classified as N0 and 31 as N+ (28 N1 and 3 N2), achieving a complete axillary response in 58% of N+ (18). SLNB was performed in 49 patients (79%; 100% in N0 and 58% in N+ from baseline). The gamma detection rate of the sentinel lymph node was 91.8% (93.5% in N0 and 88.9% in N+). 28 lymphadenectomies were undergone (45.2%; 22.5% in N0 and 67.7% in N+), 11 due to positive SLNB (5 N0 and 6 N1), 13 owing to lack of axillary response and 4 caused by the non-localization of the sentinel lymph node. SLNB was performed in 58% of N+ patients, of which 44.4% were negative, avoiding lymphadenectomy. Metal clip and/or blue dye techniques were used in 31 cases (50%). Conclusion: SLNB is viable in a high percentage of patients with previous NCT, with a high detection rate, even in patients with early affected axilla, avoiding lymphadenectomy to patients who achieve a complete response of the axillary lymph node

Estudio del desarrollo corporal de bovinos cruzados Wagyu-Brahman en el trópico húmedo, Panamá: Study of body development of Wagyu-Brahman crossbred cattle in the humid tropics, Panama

El objetivo principal fue estudiar el desarrollo corporal de bovinos cruzados Wagyu-Brahman bajo condiciones del trópico húmedo. Los datos provienen de la EEG-CMO-IDIAP (2008-2014). Las variables dependientes fueron: peso al nacimiento (PN), peso vivo (PVKG), cambio de peso vivo (CPV), tasa relativa de crecimiento (TRC), largo corporal (LC), altura a la cadera (AC) y perímetro torácico (PT). Los grupos raciales del padre (GRP) fueron: BRH y WG. Los grupos raciales de la madre (GRM) fueron: BRH, CRUCE, WG50 y WGF1. Los grupos raciales de la progenie (GRANI) fueron; WG25, WG50, WG75 y WGF1. Los datos se analizaron mediante un modelo lineal mixto donde año (YR) y época dentro del año [EP(YR)] fueron efectos aleatorios. El GRP y GRM(GRP) fueron efectos fijos. Además, PVKG, LC, AC y PT de cada GRANI fueron regresados con un modelo no lineal de Brody con la edad. Progenies de BRH tuvieron mayor PN (7,6 %), CPV (20,4 %) y TRC (10,8 %). El GRP como WG, y GRM como WGF1, BRH y CRUCE tuvieron mayor PN (31,5 kg), CPV (0,535 kg/d) y TRC (0,42 %), respectivamente. El modelo de Brody ajustó bien (P&lt;0,01) a los datos de cada GRANI. Se concluye que las variables del desarrollo corporal de los animales fueron afectadas por GRP y GRM(GRP) y que los efectos aleatorios de YR y EP(YR) permitieron reducir sesgos. El modelo no lineal de Brody ajustó bien a los datos de las variables de desarrollo corporal.El objetivo principal fue estudiar el desarrollo corporal de bovinos cruzados Wagyu-Brahman bajo condiciones del trópico húmedo. Los datos provienen de la EEG-CMO-IDIAP (2008-2014). Las variables dependientes fueron: peso al nacimiento (PN), peso vivo (PVKG), cambio de peso vivo (CPV), tasa relativa de crecimiento (TRC), largo corporal (LC), altura a la cadera (AC) y perímetro torácico (PT). Los grupos raciales del padre (GRP) fueron: BRH y WG. Los grupos raciales de la madre (GRM) fueron: BRH, CRUCE, WG50 y WGF1. Los grupos raciales de la progenie (GRANI) fueron; WG25, WG50, WG75 y WGF1. Los datos se analizaron mediante un modelo lineal mixto donde año (YR) y época dentro del año [EP(YR)] fueron efectos aleatorios. El GRP y GRM(GRP) fueron efectos fijos. Además, PVKG, LC, AC y PT de cada GRANI fueron regresados con un modelo no lineal de Brody con la edad. Progenies de BRH tuvieron mayor PN (7,6 %), CPV (20,4 %) y TRC (10,8 %). El GRP como WG, y GRM como WGF1, BRH y CRUCE tuvieron mayor PN (31,5 kg), CPV (0,535 kg/d) y TRC (0,42 %), respectivamente. El modelo de Brody ajustó bien (P<0,01) a los datos de cada GRANI. Se concluye que las variables del desarrollo corporal de los animales fueron afectadas por GRP y GRM(GRP) y que los efectos aleatorios de YR y EP(YR) permitieron reducir sesgos. El modelo no lineal de Brody ajustó bien a los datos de las variables de desarrollo corporal.The main objective was to study the body development of crossbred Wagyu-Brahman bovines under humid tropical conditions. Data came from EEG-CMO-IDIAP (2008-2024). Dependent variables were birth weight (PN), live weight (PVKG), live weight change (CPV), relative growth rate (TRC), body length (LC), hip height (AC), and thorax perimeter (PT). Sire breed group (GRP) were BRH and WG. Dam breed group (GRM) were BRH, CRUCE, WG50, and WGF1. Progeny breed group (GRANI) were WG25, WG50, WG75, and WGF1. Data were analyzed by a mixed linear model where year (YR) and season within year [EP(YR)] were randoms and GRP and GRM(GRP) were fixed. Besides, PVKG, LC, AC, and PT for each GRANI were regressed with a Brody non-linear model on age. Brahman progenies had higher PN (7,6 %), CPV (20,4 %) and TRC (10,8 %). The GRP like WG, and GRM like WGF1, BRH, and CRUCE had higher PN (31,5 kg), CPV (0,535 kg/d), and TRC (0,42 %), respectively. Brody non-linear model adjusted well (P<0,01) to data of each GRANI. It was concluded that body development variables of the animals were affected by GRP and GRM(GRP) and random effects of YR and EP(YR) allowed to reduce bias. The Brody non-linear model adjusted well to the body development data