The Habitat and Cost of Production of Domestic Petroleum Resources.

The geologic characteristics of an oil field, most importantly its depth and surface area, have significant impacts on the average cost of extracting petroleum. These characteristics of petroleum habitat constitute a measure of deposit quality, as ore grade does in the production of metals. This measure can be used to separately evaluate the effects on cost, over time, of changing depost quality and technological advance. A sample of 156 U.S. fields, with average estimated ultimate recovery of 50 million barrels, was analyzed to quantify the cross-sectional differences in average production cost on the basis of depth, area, productive capacity, reservoir lithology and reservoir drive mechanism. Changes each year between 1942 and 1972 in the quality of new discoveries was computed on the basis of depth, surface area and productive capacity. Increasing average depth and decreasing productive capacity during the period would have produced annual increases in average cost of 2.4%, in the absence of technological change. Using the year of field discovery to measure variation in cost attributable to technological change, the negative influence on cost arising from this factor exceeded the increase from declining deposit quality to produce a net decline in average cost of 0.74%/year. Statistical insignificance and inconsistency of the parameter estimate on technological change late in the time series indicated that the magnitude and direction of the net change in average cost may have been changing by the late 1960s. Increases in the price of inputs, particularly capital, may have been responsible, along with transition of the U.S. resource base from one of increasing to decreasing production. Integration of field characteristics into modified Cobb-Douglas and engineering production/cost functions demonstrated the value of these parameters in analysis of variation in average cost of extracting crude oil. The additional information produced by this approach enhances usefulness of average cost as an indicator of scarcity of mineral resources. The research also showed that in the case of petroleum, decreases in deposit quality were not associated with increases in the physical quantity of the mineral resource in place

Why older talent should be a consideration for today's inclusive leader

While ‘age’ has not been historically underrepresented in our workforces, creating longer, fulfilling working lives is now an economic imperative. Like with other forms of diversity, popular myths have seen leaders consistently undervalue the performance benefits of age-diversity. Daniel Jolles and Grace Lordan break down three persistent myths about older talent

Will appropriate behavior continue without recognition?

https://scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/student_scholarship_posters/1181/thumbnail.jp

Young’s Modulus: Building a Device to Measure Material Strength to Understand Interatomic Bond Stiffness

Young’s Modulus is an equation that is to measure the strength in different materials. A common application of Young’s Modulus is measuring the breaking point of cables. The understanding of the Young’s Modulus equation and its applications is a standard part of the introductory undergraduate physics sequence. We sought to construct a lab apparatus that would enable physics undergraduate students to measure and verify the results of the Young’s Modulus equation. These macroscopic measurements can then be used to further understand inter-atomic bond stiffness. This poster reviews the design, construction, and testing of a Young’s Modulus lab experiment. This lab will be used by undergraduate students at Northwestern College, thus offering a further experimental application of a topic that was previously taught only theoretically.

GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN SISTIM KOMPENSASI TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT PURA SMART TECHNOLOGI

The method used is research using a quantitative approach with descriptive research categories. In survey research, information is collected from respondents using a questionnaire. The population of this study were 40 employees as a sample, namely 40 employees. Testing the first hypothesis (H1) obtained tcount for the leadership style variable of 3.214 with a significance of 0.003 (p <0.05). The second hypothesis testing (H2) obtained tcount for the work environment variable of 2.566 with a significance of 0.015 (p <0.05). Testing the third hypothesis (H3) obtained tcount for the variable compensation system of 3,948 with a significance of 0,000 (p <0.05). The results showed that, (1) There is a positive influence of leadership style on employee work performance at PT Pura Smart Technology, which means that the higher or better the leadership style, the higher the employee's work performance, conversely the lower or worse the leadership style, the lower the achievement. employee work at PT Pura Smart Tecnology. The amount of the effective contribution of the leadership style to the work performance of employees at PT Pura Smart Technology is 22.7% and the relative contribution is 32.2%. (2) There is a positive influence of the work environment on the work performance of employees at PT Pura Smart Technology.Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan kategori penelitian diskriptif. Dalam penelitian survei, informasi dikumpulkan dari responden dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Populasi penelitian ini adalah karyawan yang berjumlah 40 orang sekaligus sebagai sampel yaitu 40 orang karyawan. Pengujian hipotesis pertama (H1) diperoleh thitung untuk variabel gaya kepemimpinan sebesar 3,214 dengan signifikansi 0,003 (p < 0,05). Pengujian hipotesis kedua (H2) diperoleh thitung untuk variabel lingkungan kerja sebesar 2,566 dengan signifikansi 0,015 (p < 0,05). Pengujian hipotesis ketiga (H3) diperoleh thitung untuk variabel sistim kompensasi sebesar 3,948 dengan signifikansi 0,000 (p < 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, (1) Terdapat pengaruh positif  gaya kepemimpinan terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan di PT Pura Smart Tecnology, yang berarti semakin tinggi atau baik gaya kepemimpinan maka semakin tinggi pula prestasi kerja karyawan, sebaliknya semakin rendah atau buruk gaya kepemimpinan maka semakin rendah prestasi kerja karyawan di PT Pura Smart Tecnology. Besarnya sumbangan efektif gaya kepemimpinan terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan di PT Pura Smart Tecnology sebesar 22,7% dan sumbangan relatif sebesar 32,2%.(2) Terdapat pengaruh positif  lingkungan kerja terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan di PT Pura Smart Tecnology

Effects of Student Choice on Reading Stamina

https://scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/student_scholarship_posters/1187/thumbnail.jp

A GATHERING OF FLOWERS : ON DESIGN ANTHOLOGIES

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in The Design History on 12 May 2017, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14606925.2017.1323426 Under embargo. Embargo end date: 12 November 2018.Over the past decade, anthologies – also called ‘readers’ – of design history and theory have proliferated across publishers’ catalogues. These books perform important pedagogical functions: they define fields and establish canons of authoritative texts, authors and concepts. While detractors argue that the easy availability of textual sources online means that we no longer need anthologies, the opposite argument can be made: the overwhelming volume of electronic information sharpens the need for concise, edited selections. This article examines the practices of selecting, editing and publishing anthologies and reasons for their increasing popularity, particularly in design education, at the present time.Peer reviewe

Examining local processes when applying a cumulative impact policy to address harms of alcohol outlet density.

One approach to addressing the negative health and social harms of excessive drinking has been to attempt to limit alcohol availability in areas of high outlet density. The Licensing Act (2003) enables English local authorities the power to implement a Cumulative Impact Policy (CIP) in order to tackle alcohol challenges. More than 100 English local authorities have implemented a CIP in one or more designated areas. We examined local licence decision-making in the context of implementing CIPs. Specifically, we explored the activities involved in alcohol licensing in one London local authority in order to explicate how local decision-making processes regarding alcohol outlet density occur. Institutional ethnographic research revealed that CIPs were contested on multiple grounds within the statutory licensing process of a local authority with this policy in place. CIPs are an example of multi-level governance in which national and local interests, legal powers and alcohol licensing priorities interface. Public health priorities can be advanced in the delivery of CIPs, but those priorities can at times be diluted by those of other stakeholders, both public sector and commercial

Relationship between Bagging Methods and Pre-Weld Holding Times on Porosity Formation in 2219 Aluminum AC-TIG Welds

The purpose of this study was to determine relationships between bagging methods and pre-weld holding times on the formation of porosity when AC-TIG welding 2219 aluminum. Considering the strict guidelines and specifications required within the aerospace industry, maintaining quality welds is of paramount importance to control part integrity for aerospace applications. This project focused on two parameters involved in the preparation of aluminum parts for welding: bagging method and pre-weld holding time. Welding geometry was simplified to bead-on plate instead of the standard joint welds. Radiographic analysis of the samples showed that all levels of both parameters produced “passing welds.” Further investigation using metallography showed that there is no clear relationship between the bagging method and holding time on the formation of porosity. The implications of these results may help simplify the preparation of parts for welding and therefore help minimize costs and increase productivity while maintaining weld quality