An Automated Approach for Video Surveillance Using Kalman Filter

Image processing has played a vital role in every aspect of human life. Video surveillance has reached a major out through by the application of advanced image processing and frame modeling techniques. In video surveillance, detection of relocating objects from a video is predominant for object detection, target monitoring, and behavior. Detection of relocating objects in video streams is the first major step of the algorithm, and background subtraction is a pleasant technique for foreground segmentation. In this thesis, automatic actual-time object detection and tracking had been carried out utilizing Kalman filter the place the method output was once monitoring the input and canceling out any variants because of entry and exit noises. This work could be used to boost a surveillance procedure of static digicam and robotic automation visible systems

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Pseudotumor of Ileum: A Rare Diagnosis

Inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumours are uncommon lesions of unknown etiology. Diverse nomenclature such as inflammatory pseudotumour, plasma cell granuloma, inflammatory myofibroblastoma and inflammatory myofibrohistioblastic proliferation have been used for this entity due to uncertainity regarding true biologic nature of these lesions. This tumour is composed of spindle cells with myofibroblastic proliferation accompanied by an inflammatory infiltrate of plasma cells. Since it was first described in 1937, the understanding of inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumour has evolved from a reactive inflammatory process to a neoplasm of intermediate biological potential. These are associated with nosologic, histogenetic and aetiopathogenetic controversy. They occur in all age groups and in diverse body sites, with equal propensity in males and females

Role of FNAC in the diagnosis of intraosseous jaw lesions

Background: FNAC of intraosseous jaw lesions has not been widely utilized for diagnosis due to rarity and diversity of these lesions, limited experience and lack of well established cytological features. Aim of the study was to determine the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of intraosseous jaw swellings. Material and Methods: 42 patients underwent FNAC over a period of 7 years (2007-2013), of which 37 (88.1%) aspirates were diagnostic. Histopathology correlation was available in 33 cases and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was calculated. Results: Lesions were categorized into inflammatory 3, cysts/hamartomas 15 and neoplasms 19. Mandibular and maxillary involvement was seen in 21 and 16 patients respectively. Of these, benign cysts and malignant lesions were commonest, accounting for 27% lesions (10 cases) each. One case of cystic ameloblastoma was misdiagnosed as odontogenic cyst on cytology. Overall, sensitivity and specificity of FNAC were 94.7% and 100% respectively with a diagnostic accuracy of 97.3%. Definitive categorization of giant cell lesions, fibro-osseous lesions, odontogenic tumors and cystic lesions was not feasible on FNAC. Conclusions: FNAC is a simple, safe and minimally invasive first line investigation which can render an accurate preoperative diagnosis of intraosseous jaw lesions, especially the malignant ones in the light of clinic-radiological correlation

Rare Vascular Malformations of Ovary: A Clinical Masquerader

Presenting two cases of vascular malformations of ovary, both presenting with different and deceptive clinical features.Clinical presentation were:Case 1. 55/F with hyper-estrogenemia and dysfunctional uterine bleeding.Case 2. 45/F with ovarian mass suspicious of malignancy.A laprotomy was done in both cases and we received Uterus with cervix with bilateral adenexa. Relevant sections were taken. Histopathological examination revealed numerous dilated vascular channels lined by endothelial cells. Features were suggestive of:Case 1. Ovarian hemangioma with endometrial hyperplasia.Case 2. Cavernous hemangioma, ovary.Vascular malformations of ovary are very rare arising from failure in vascular formation, particularly in the canalizing process. The number of well documented cases seems to be nearly 60. It has been hypothesized that these induce stromal luteinization by mass effect in rare cases, leading to endometrial hyperplasia, thus making our cases even rarer

Clinicomorphologic Spectrum of Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Series of Twelve Cases

Basal cell carcinoma is a non-melanocytic skin cancer that arises from basal cells. It is the most common skin malignancy in the developed world, while in India it is second to squamous cell carcinoma. Neglected tumors can continue to grow and lead to significant local destruction and disfigurement. Therefore, early diagnosis is essential. Here, is presented a series of twelve cases of basal cell carcinoma showing a spectrum of clinical presentation, including age, gender, and site of occurrence. Also, the varying patterns on microscopic examination are discussed. Prevalence in older age group was noted. The most common site was observed to be head and neck region. However, in contrast to previous studies, a female preponderance was observed. Different morphological types such as undifferentiated, pigmented, and spindle-cell variants were seen. It is important to differentiate basal cell carcinoma from other skin tumors and also type the tumors as the prognosis and risk of recurrence depends on subtype

Quantitative tissue proteome profile reveals neutrophil degranulation and remodeling of extracellular matrix proteins in early stage gallbladder cancer

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract with a poor prognosis. It is important to understand the molecular processes associated with the pathogenesis of early stage GBC and identify proteins useful for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Here, we have carried out an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of tumor tissues from early stage GBC cases (stage I, n=7 and stage II, n=5) and non-tumor controls (n=6) from gallstone disease (GSD). We identified 357 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) based on ≥ 2 unique peptides and ≥ 2 fold change with p value < 0.05. Pathway analysis using the STRING database showed, ‘neutrophil degranulation’ to be the major upregulated pathway that includes proteins such as MPO, PRTN3, S100A8, MMP9, DEFA1, AZU, and ‘ECM organization’ to be the major downregulated pathway that includes proteins such as COL14A1, COL1A2, COL6A1, COL6A2, COL6A3, BGN, DCN. Western blot and/or IHC analysis confirmed the elevated expression of MPO, PRTN3 and S100A8 in early stage of the disease. Based on the above results, we hypothesize that there is an increased neutrophil infiltration in tumor tissue and neutrophil degranulation leading to degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins promoting cancer cell invasion in the early stage GBC. Some of the proteins (MPO, MMP9, DEFA1) associated with ‘neutrophil degranulation’ showed the presence of ‘signal sequence’ suggesting their potential as circulatory markers for early detection of GBC. Overall, the study presents a protein dataset associated with early stage GBC

Multicentric extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of uterine adnexa in a young female: An unusual presentation

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma, mostly occurring in the proximal extremities and limb girdle. Majority of the patients are in fifth and sixth decades of life with male preponderance. We report here a case of primary extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the uterine adnexa involving the broad ligament and fallopian tube synchronously without any evidence of uterine/ovarian involvement in a young multiparous female of 27 years. After the histopathological diagnosis, re-excision of the tumor bed with wide local margins was recommended. Since the tumor has an aggressive course, with propensity for late recurrence and metastases to lungs, the patient must be considered for long-term follow-up