The Microenvironment of Freeze-Injured Mouse Urinary Bladders Enables Successful Tissue Engineering

Mouse bone marrow-derived cells implanted into freeze-injured bladder walls form smooth muscle layers, but not in intact walls. We determined if the microenvironment within injured urinary bladders was supportive of smooth muscle layer development. The urinary bladders of female nude mice were freeze-injured for 30 s. Three days later, the rate of blood flow in the wounded areas and in comparable areas of intact control urinary bladders was observed by charge-coupled device (CCD) video microscopy. Injured and control bladder walls were also analyzed histologically and cytologically. Growth factor mRNA expression was determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction arrays. The injured regions maintained a partial microcirculation in which blood flow velocity was significantly less than in controls. The injured bladder walls had few typical smooth muscle layers, and blood vessels in the walls had reduced smooth muscle content. The loss of smooth muscle cells in the bladder walls may have resulted in the formation of large porous spaces seen by scanning electron microscopy of the injured areas. The expression of nineteen growth-related mRNAs, including secreted phosphoprotein 1, inhibin beta-A, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and transforming growth factor beta 1, were significantly upregulated in the injured urinary bladders. In conclusion, the microenvironment in freeze-injured urinary bladders enables successful tissue engineering.ArticleTISSUE ENGINEERING PART A. 15(11):3367-3375 (2009)journal articl

Evidence-based bioethics: delineating the connections between science, practice, and values in medicine.

<p><b>A.</b> Secretion of FABP5 from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) after adipocyte differentiation at Day 0, Day 4 and Day 8 (n = 4 in each). Values were normalized to total protein concentration of the cell lysate. *P < 0.05 vs. Day 0. <b>B.</b> Flowchart of microarray analysis in ADSC treated with 1 μM recombinant FABP5 for 24 h. <b>C.</b> Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Significantly (Z-score > 0, P < 0.05) upregulated and downregulated GO terms of three GO categories, including cellular component, molecular function and biological process, were picked up and listed by a sort of lower P-value in each category. The abscissa of the bar plot was the number of annotated genes within the GO category. <b>D.</b> Cascade of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using a transcription factor binding site search data.</p

停留精巣の研究 第3報: 停留精巣患者における精巣内複合糖質の組織化学的研究

3～37歳の停留精巣患者23例の停留精巣および対側陰嚢内精巣において, 光顕組織化学的方法にて複合糖質の変化を観察し, さらに正常精巣組織と比較した.停留精巣精細管壁及び間質では, 正常精巣に比べ酸性ムコ多糖(精細管壁:コンドロイチン硫酸A及びC, 間質:コンドロイチン硫酸B)が減少し, 特に精細管壁において顕著であった.なお, 患側精細管上皮においては, 思春期前から思春期以後を通じ, グリコーゲン及びガラクトース含有量の減少が認められたThe complex carbohydrates in the undescended and contralateral scrotal testes of patients with cryptorchidism, were examined by light microscopic histochemical methods, in comparison with those of normal testes. In the undescended testes, histochemical reactions for acidic and neutral complex carbohydrates were apparently weaker than in the normal testes, especially pronounced in the seminiferous tubular walls. In the germinal and supporting cells of the undescended testes, the amount of galactose residues in the complex carbohydrates decreased from the prepubertal to post-pubertal periods. Periodic acid-Schiff reaction also revealed a decrease in the glycogen content in the germinal and supporting cells of the undescended testes from pre-pubertal to post-pubertal periods

膀胱内Inverted Papillomaの2例

膀胱内に発生したInvertedPapiliomaの2例を報告し, 若干の文献的考察を加えた.患者はそれぞれ肉眼的血尿と尿線途絶を主訴とする39歳の男性と36歳の女性であった.両症例とも膀胱内腫瘍は経尿道的に切除され, 組織学的ecPt型的なInvertedPapillomaの所見を示した.Two cases of inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder are reported. The patients were a 39-year-old male with macrohematuria and a 36-year-old female with interrupted urination. In both of the patients, tumors were resected transurethrally, and histologic examination revealed them to be typical inverted papilloma

The Renal Tumor Morphological Characteristics that Affect Surgical Planning for Laparoscopic or Open Partial Nephrectomy

The purpose of this study is to investigate the morphological characteristics of renal tumors which affect the surgeons’ decision-making for the selection of open or laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. We included 147 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for renal masses with elective indications in this study. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and open partial nephrectomy (OPN) were performed in 72 and 75 patients, respectively. Preoperative trans-sectional images were used to assess tumor characteristics such as tumor size, endophyticity, distance from the sinus, distance from the kidney equator, hilar designation, inside designation, and R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score. Univariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that tumor size, endophyticity, distance from the sinus, hilar designation, inside designation, and R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score were associated with decision of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Among these factors, multiple regression analyses showed that endophyticity (odds ratio = 0.92, p = 0.007) and distance from the sinus (odds ratio = 1.201, p < 0.001) had statistically significant associations with the type of operation performed. ROC analyses demonstrated cut-off values of 16 mm for endophyticity (sensitivity 69%, specificity 77%) and of 4 mm for distance from the sinus (sensitivity 79%, specificity 65%) for predicting the selection of laparoscopic surgery. In conclusion, this study revealed that endophyticity and distance from the sinus were important for the surgical planning of partial nephrectomy