Local Subcutaneous Eosinophil Leucocytic Reaction to the Inoculation of Isolated Normal or Tumour Cells in Mice

REJECTION or destruction of genetically dissimilar normal cells or tissues, associated with the presence of cellular elements such as lymphocytes, plasma cells, histiocytes or polymorphonuclear neutrophils has been demonstrated by man

A Stepwise Planned Approach to the Solution of Hilbert's Sixth Problem. III : Measurements and von Neumann Projection/Collapse Rule

Supmech, the universal mechanics developed in the previous two papers, accommodates both quantum and classical mechanics as subdisciplines (a brief outline is included for completeness); this feature facilitates, in a supmech based treatment of quantum measurements, an unambiguous treatment of the apparatus as a quantum system approximated well by a classical one. Taking explicitly into consideration the fact that observations on the apparatus are made when it has `settled down after the measurement interaction' and are restricted to macroscopically distinguishable pointer readings, the unwanted superpositions of (system + apparatus) states are shown to be suppressed; this provides a genuinely physics based justification for the (traditionally \emph{postulated}) von Neumann projection/collapse rule. The decoherence mechanism brought into play by the stated observational constraints is free from the objections against the traditional decoherence program.Comment: 29 pages; one section and two references added; results unchange

An Investigation of Solving Multidimensional Multiphase Flow: Streamline front tracking method

In the present paper we have studied streamline front tracking method for two and three-phase flow contains capillary forces. Increased demand for assessment of uncertainties and history matching require fast and accurate flow simulations on multiple plausible geological models on a routinely basis. On the other hand, conventional reservoir simulators fail to fulfill this need, and there seems to be trend within the petroleum industry to simulate reduced sets of equations. Hence, typically streamline or front tracking methods are used to solve the hyperbolic Buckley Leverette equation for two-phase flow. In this paper we consider models of multi-phase flow which do capillary forces, allowing for three phase. In particular we shall investigate a streamline front tracking method and to account for capillary effects we use operator splitting. Thus we compare the streamline front tracking method (SFTM) with a fast marching method (FFM) and a modified method of characteristics (MMOC). Keywords: Streamline front tracking method, three-phase immiscible flow, modified method of characteristics, Cartesian grid, Riemann solver, Fast Marching method

A Current Perspectives of Corrected Operator Splitting (OS) for Systems

In this paper we studied mathematical models for fluid flow often involve systems of convection-diffusion equations as a main ingredient. Operator splitting - one splits the time evolution into partial steps to separate the effects of convection and diffusion.  In the present paper it has been shown that that the temporal splitting error can be significant when there is a shock present in the solution, is well-understood for scalar convection – diffusion equation. Keywords: Convection diffusion, convection solver, front tracking method, nonlinear error mechanism, operator splitting

An analytical approach to Heat Transfer in Single and Multiphase Systems

This paper deals main physical processes arising during phase change have been investigated. The heat exchange within a single phase, many engineering technologies involve multiphase systems. Hence the problems dealing with phase change is the movement of phase interface with the release with the absorption of latent heat at this interface. The problems are highly nonlinear and thermophysical properties are typically different on each side of the phase interface.  Therefore, analytical solutions are available only for a limited class of one-dimensional problems- pure materials or fluids in infinite or semi-infinite domains.  In the present paper we demonstrate phase change heat transfer in pure liquids and materials as well as multicomponent systems. The multiphase systems have (i.e., solid, liquid, or gas phase) including one or more components. Although the governing equations vary for each type of multiphase system (i.e solid-liquid, liquid-gas, etc.,), the overall features of the physical and mathematical models are analogous. Theses continuum models are based on a mixture formulation or an interface tracking formulation. In the mixture approach, the control volume consists of a homogeneous mixture encompassing both (or all) phases. Mixture of interface tracking formulations are demonstrated in this studies. Key words: Interface tracking, multi-phase flow, phase interface, interfacial energy balance, scalar transport, entropy, two fluid modeling

Snow cover, snowmelt and runoff in the Himalayan River basins

Not withstanding the seasonal vagaries of both rainfall amount and snowcover extent, the Himalayan rivers retain their basic perennial character. However, it is the component of snowmelt yield that accounts for some 60 to 70 percent of the total annual flow volumes from Hamilayan watersheds. On this large hydropotential predominantly depends the temporal performance of hydropower generation and major irrigation projects. The large scale effects of Himalayan snowcover on the hydrologic responses of a few selected catchments in western Himalayas was studied. The antecedent effects of snowcover area on long and short term meltwater yields can best be analyzed by developing appropriate hydrologic models forecasting the pattern of snowmelt as a function of variations in snowcover area. It is hoped that these models would be of practical value in the management of water resources. The predictability of meltwater for the entire snowmelt season was studied, as was the concurrent flow variation in adjacent watersheds, and their hydrologic significance. And the applicability of the Snowmelt-Runoff Model for real time forecast of daily discharges during the major part of the snowmelt season is examined

A comparative study on maximum mass and radius of compact star from Heintzmann geometry and TOV approach

In this article a class of anisotropic compact star is analysed in Heintzmann geometry. We have introduced the pressure anisotropy parameter ($\alpha$) and solved Einstein field equations to obtain stellar model. We have considered $g_{tt}$ component as proposed by Heintzmann and by solving Einstein field equation, the $g_{rr}$ component is evaluated in presence of pressure anisotropy. It is noted that for isotropic star ($\alpha=0$), the maximum mass lies within the range $1.87-3.04~ M_{\odot}$ for radii ranges between $8-13$ Km. For anisotropic compact stars maximum mass increases with $\alpha$ and lies within the range $1.99-3.23~ M_{\odot}$ for anisotropy parameter $\alpha=0.5$. The physical viability of the model is examined by applying our model to study the properties of few known compact objects. It is noted that all the stability conditions are fulfilled in the proposed model. It is interesting to note that maximum mass calculated from our model and from solving TOV equation are approximately same and also the predicted radius of few newly observed pulsars and companion star of GW events GW 190814 and GW 170817 from our model comply with the estimated value of radius from observation.Comment: 27 pages, 21 figure

Pairing Symmetry in Iron-Pnictide Superconductor KFe2_2As2_2

The pairing symmetry is one of the major issues in the study of iron-based superconductors. We adopt a low-energy effective kinetic model based on the first-principles band structure calculations combined with the $J_1$-$J_2$ model for KFe$_2$As$_2$, the phase diagram of pairing symmetries is constructed. Putting the values of $J_1$ and $J_2$ of the $J_1$-$J_2$ model obtained by the first-principles calculations into this phase diagram, we find that the pairing symmetry for KFe$_2$As$_2$ is a nodal $d_{xy}$-wave in the folded Brillouin zone with two iron atoms per unit cell. This is in good agreement with experiments observed a nodal order parameter.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures (The pairing symmetry is dependent on choosing an effective tight-binding model. In the publication version, we adopt a ten-orbital model by using the maximally localized Wannier functions based on the first-principles band structure calculations, and give an s-wave pairing for KFe$_2$As$_2$