Effect of a Nanodispersion Silica Composite with Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Hydrochloride on Immunological Indicators and Indicators of Oxidation and Antioxidant Homeostasis in Rats with Thermal Burn

Worldwide, nearly 6 million people annually seek medical attention for burn wounds. Today, the main method of local treatment of wounds and burns, including infected ones, is the use of medicines containing antiseptics, antibiotics, sorbents, as well as their combinations.Purpose. To determine the effect of a nanosized silica composite with polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride on the immunological parameters and oxidative-antioxidant homeostasis in the blood and in the lesion of rats with an uninfected thermal burn.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 72 rats, which were modeled by a thermal burn of the II degree. The animals were divided into 4 groups: intact, control, treated with chlorhexidine, treated with a composite of nanosized silica with polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride. On the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day, the animals were removed from the experiment and the immunological parameters and the parameters of oxidative-antioxidant homeostasis in the blood and skin in the lesion were determined.Results. Thermal injury is directly related to biochemical changes in the body. We compared the levels of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines, markers of free radical oxidation - diene conjugate (DC), the active products of thiobarbituric acid (TBA-AP), the activity of catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). It was proved that the NDK + PHMG-GC composite showed significantly more pronounced compared with chlorhexidine, a pharmacological effect in reducing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α and an increase in the content of IL-10 in the blood and the focus of thermal burn during the entire observation period . Also, the composite effectively affects oxidation-antioxidant homeostasis, which is manifested in the normalization of the content of DC and TBA-AP on the 14th day, restoration of Cat activity on the 14th day, SOD - already on the 7th day compared with chlorhexidine.Conclusions. The study indicates that the NDS + PHMG composite has pronounced anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties, which allows it to be used as a combined preparation for the treatment of thermal burn