Effects of the inclusion of sunflower hulls in the diet on growth performance and digestive tract traits of broilers and pullets fed a broiler diet from zero to 21 d of age. A comparative study

The effects of including 3% sunflower hulls (SFH) in the diet on growth performance, nutrient retention (TTAR), and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) traits were studied in chicks from zero to 21 d of age. Four treatments that resulted from the combination of 2 chicken lines (female broilers vs. brown pullets) and 2 levels of SFH (zero vs. 3%) were used. The control diet contained 2,980 kcal AMEn/kg, 1.25% digestible Lys, and 8.7% neutral detergent fiber. The experimental diet included 3% SFH at the expense (wt:wt) of the whole diet. Growth performance, TTAR of nutrients, and the AMEn of the diet were greater (P = 0.097 to P < 0.001) in broilers than in pullets. In absolute terms, all the organs of the GIT were heavier (P < 0.001) and the small intestine and cecum were longer (P < 0.001) in broilers than in pullets. At 21 d of age, however, the relative weight (% BW) of all the organs of the GIT (P < 0.001) and the relative length (cm/kg BW) of the small intestine and cecum (P < 0.01) were greater in pullets. Gizzard pH (P < 0.001), total short chain fatty acids concentration in the cecum (P = 0.098), and villus height (P < 0.001) and crypt depth (P < 0.05) of the ileum mucosa were higher in broilers. The inclusion of SFH increased (P < 0.05) the AMEn content of the diet but did not affect bird performance, moisture content of the excreta, or the concentration and profile of fatty acids in the cecum. Dietary SFH increased gizzard weight and reduced gizzard pH (P < 0.001) at both ages. In conclusion, broilers had better growth performance, nutrient retention, and ileum absorptive capacity than pullets. The inclusion of 3% SFH at the expense of the control diet did not have any negative effect on chick performance and, in fact, increased gizzard weight, reduced gizzard pH, and improved the energy content of the diet

Influence of body weight at hatching and inclusion of oat hulls in the diet on growth performance and digestive tract traits of brown-egg laying pullets from 0 to 16 wk of age

The influence of pre-incubated weight of eggs (EW) laid by 24 wk-old brown layer breeders and the inclusion (wt:wt) of 3% oat hulls (OH) in the diet on growth performance and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) traits were studied in pullets reared under stressful conditions from hatching to 16 wk of age. The initial BW of the pullets resulting from these eggs was of 29.9 and 38.2 g for the 2 extreme groups. The stress applied consisted in using a prolonged (8 h) transport time from the hatchery to the experimental facility, reducing barn temperature at night from placement to 7 d of age, and late beak trimming of the pullets (18 d). Growth performance, pullet uniformity, and GIT traits were measured by period (0 to 5 wk, 5 to 10 wk, and 10 to 16 wk of age) and cumulatively. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with treatments organized as a 7 × 2 factorial, with 7 groups of pullets that differed on pre-hatched EW (47 to 54 g with 1 g difference between groups) and 2 levels of OH inclusion (0 vs. 3%). Effects of EW on the variables studied were partitioned into linear and quadratic components. The stress conditions applied affected pullet growth, with BW at 5 wk of age that were as an average 27% lower than recommended by the genetic company (269 g vs. 367 g). Neither initial EW nor OH inclusion affected any of the variables studied. In summary, EW of young breeders did not affect growth performance, BW uniformity, or GIT traits of the resulting pullets from 0 to 16 wk of age. Eggs bigger than 47 g laid by young breeders can produce high quality pullets. Pullets fed diets with 3% OH performed equally to pullets fed the control diet, suggesting that the amount of fiber can be increased during the rearing period of brown egg pullet

Identification of Potential Muscle Biomarkers in McArdle Disease: Insights from Muscle Proteome Analysis

McArdle disease; Proteomics; Skeletal muscleEnfermedad de McArdle; Proteómica; Músculo esqueléticoMalaltia de McArdle; Proteòmica; Múscul esquelèticGlycogen storage disease type V (GSDV, McArdle disease) is a rare genetic myopathy caused by deficiency of the muscle isoform of glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM). This results in a block in the use of muscle glycogen as an energetic substrate, with subsequent exercise intolerance. The pathobiology of GSDV is still not fully understood, especially with regard to some features such as persistent muscle damage (i.e., even without prior exercise). We aimed at identifying potential muscle protein biomarkers of GSDV by analyzing the muscle proteome and the molecular networks associated with muscle dysfunction in these patients. Muscle biopsies from eight patients and eight healthy controls showing none of the features of McArdle disease, such as frequent contractures and persistent muscle damage, were studied by quantitative protein expression using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) followed by artificial neuronal networks (ANNs) and topology analysis. Protein candidate validation was performed by Western blot. Several proteins predominantly involved in the process of muscle contraction and/or calcium homeostasis, such as myosin, sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1, tropomyosin alpha-1 chain, troponin isoforms, and alpha-actinin-3, showed significantly lower expression levels in the muscle of GSDV patients. These proteins could be potential biomarkers of the persistent muscle damage in the absence of prior exertion reported in GSDV patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which PYGM controls the expression of these proteins.This research was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) y FEDER (ERDF) funds “a way to construct Europe”; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Madrid, Spain), grant numbers (PI17/02052 and PI19/01313). G.N.-G is supported by a ISCIII contract CPII19/00021. P.S.-L. is supported by a ISCIII-CIBERER contract

CD44 Modulates Cell Migration and Invasion in Ewing Sarcoma Cells

The chimeric EWSR1::FLI1 transcription factor is the main oncogenic event in Ewing sarcoma. Recently, it has been proposed that EWSR1::FLI1 levels can fluctuate in Ewing sarcoma cells, giving rise to two cell populations. EWSR1::FLI1low cells present a migratory and invasive phenotype, while EWSR1::FLI1high cells are more proliferative. In this work, we described how the CD44 standard isoform (CD44s), a transmembrane protein involved in cell adhesion and migration, is overexpressed in the EWSR1::FLI1low phenotype. The functional characterization of CD44s (proliferation, clonogenicity, migration, and invasion ability) was performed in three doxycycline-inducible Ewing sarcoma cell models (A673, MHH-ES1, and CADO-ES1). As a result, CD44s expression reduced cell proliferation in all the cell lines tested without affecting clonogenicity. Additionally, CD44s increased cell migration in A673 and MHH-ES1, without effects in CADO-ES1. As hyaluronan is the main ligand of CD44s, its effect on migration ability was also assessed, showing that high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA) blocked cell migration while low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (LMW-HA) increased it. Invasion ability was correlated with CD44 expression in A673 and MHH-ES1 cell lines. CD44s, upregulated upon EWSR1::FLI1 knockdown, regulates cell migration and invasion in Ewing sarcoma cells.This project was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, grant numbers PI20CIII/00020, DTS18CIII/00005, Asociación Pablo Ugarte, grant numbers TRPV205/18; Asociación Candela Riera, Asociación Todos Somos Iván & Fundación Sonrisa de Alex, grant numbers TVP333-19, TVP-1324/15; ASION, grant number TVP141/17. Enrique Fernández-Tabanera is supported by Asociación Candela Riera, Asociación Todos Somos Iván & Fundación Sonrisa de Alex, Saint T. Cervera is supported by Asociación Pablo Ugarte and Raquel M. Melero is supported by a CIBERER contract.S

Electronic Waste in Mexico – Challenges for Sustainable Management

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the situation of the management of electronic waste in Mexico; it has been organized into four sections. In the first, a brief description of the problem of electronic waste based on the world vision presents the situation of transboundary movements of electronic waste from developed countries to developing countries or emerging stands out, in which it is done an incipient and inadequate management without concern about pollution, and health damage caused. In the second, the law applied to waste management in this country, concerning international, regional and national framework is presented. The third section, an analysis of the actors involved in the production, marketing, use, handling and disposal of electronic waste is presented; highlighting the role currently performed. A conceptual model of the life cycle of electrical-electronic equipment as a starting point for handling electronic waste and the model of management electronic that is now operating in Mexico, in which the actors involved in the value chain of electrical and electronic equipment waste (WEEE’s), is presented. In the last section, efforts that Mexican environmental authorities have done on the management of electronic waste, and WEEE \u27s generation data are analyzed, a generic model is presented enhance the WEEE \u27s in Mexico as a first phase to move from an emerging electronic waste management to a management model

Factors That Influence the Brand Loyalty and Dealer Loyalty of the Automotive Industry: the Case of Mexican Consumers in the Central Region of Mexico

In this study we investigate which factors determine the automobile brand and dealer loyalty of Mexican consumers, and to what extent. We collected data on brand loyalty and dealer loyalty among customers who bought their vehicle two years or more ago to permit evaluation of loyalty behavior. Our findings show that the core factor that appears to determine the loyalty of the Mexican consumer in the automotive industry is the satisfaction with the technical-functional quality of the automobile. Within this factor, satisfaction with the vehicle&apos;s safety (in event of an accident), the vehicle&apos;s maneuverability and vehicle comfort are the highestranked variables. In second place appears the satisfaction with the global cost of the vehicle and with the dealer after sales service. This study further reveals that it does not exist an authentic/real brand or dealer loyalty among Mexican car purchasers. This means that in spite of a customer&apos;s current preference for the brand studied, the customer has tried and has bought different brands in the past, or simply has been sensitive to the competitors&apos; marketing actions or strategies

La tecnología que aprende a elegir tu talla de calzado

Ballester Fernandez, A.; Gil Mora, S.; Valero, J.; Gonzalez Garcia, JC.; Remon Gomez, A. (2019). La tecnología que aprende a elegir tu talla de calzado. Innovación biomecánica en Europa. (8):1-3. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/167979S13

Runalytics, 3D gait analysis system

[EN] Nowadays running is one of the most popular sports, which has fostered the development of its technology, both in the materials used and in their selection. Footwear is the basic component for the practice of running, as well as the most important one due to its ability to adapt to each runner through the proper choice. Such was the case that nowadays there is a lack of substance in the methods used for counseling. Runalytics is created with the idea of analyzing in detail the biomechanical characteristics each runner, based on an exhaustive research study to facilitate the choice of footwear that best suits the needs of each runner.[ES] Actualmente el running es uno de los deportes más practicados, lo que ha fomentado el desarrollo de su tecnología, tanto en los materiales utilizados como en su elección. El calzado es el componente básico para la práctica de la carrera, siendo además el más importante por su capacidad de adaptación a cada corredor mediante una correcta elección del mismo. Tanto es así que actualmente se plantea una falta de métodos precisos y robustos para el asesoramiento en la selección del mejor calzado de running para un usuario específico. Runalytics nace con la idea de analizar al detalle las características biomecánicas de cada corredor a partir de criterios validados en un exhaustivo estudio de investigación con la finalidad de facilitar la elección del calzado que mejor se adapte a las necesidades de cada deportista.Medina Ripoll, E.; Parrilla Bernabé, E.; Romero Olucha, E.; Montero Vilela, J.; Parra Gonzalez, F.; Gonzalez Garcia, JC.; Gil Mora, S.... (2013). Runalytics, sistema de análisis 3D de la pisada. Revista de biomecánica. 60:21-24. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/38696S21246