Comment on “Sci-Hub and evidence-based dentistry: an ethical dilemma in Cuba”

When “Sci-Hub and evidence-based dentistry: an ethical dilemma in Cuba” was published and after a reflective analysis we felt the need to write  this comment. The article, very similar to that published by Bendezú-Quispe addresses an issue considered an ethical dilemma worldwide. Throughout history clinical practice has been based on knowledge. In this sense, the aim of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) methodology is to make health professionals reflect systematically on all the decisions to be made with respect to a patient or a group of patients. This in order to find solutions based on experience and supported by scientific evidence

Role of protease inhibitors in the pathogenesis of alcoholic neuropathy

Background: Alcoholic neuropathy is a common complication among patients with alcohol abuse disorder. It is often asymptomatic and the frequency of occurrence varies. We propose that the deficit of protease inhibitors could be a causal factor of alcoholic neuropathy. If this is true, it would contribute to understanding of the pathophysiology, explain variability in individual response, and explain variability in individual response, and facilitate the search for prevention therapy.Development: Alcoholic neuropathy is characterized by a pattern of symmetrical polyneuropathy with great involvement of the lower extremities. The mechanisms of axonal degeneration due to alcohol consumption are still unclear. It is known that alcohol inhibits protection mechanisms of the nervous system. Here, we discuss that the deficit of protease inhibitors could be a causal factor in the pathogenesis of alcoholic neuropathy. If this is true, it would contribute to an understanding of the pathophysiology, explain variability in individual response, and facilitate the search for prevention therapy.Conclusions: The protease inhibitors play a significant role in the origin of peripheral neuropathies. There is strong evidence to suggest that proteases and their inhibitors are related to processes that allow the development and maintenance of peripheral nerves, and alterations in their proportions favor the development of anomalies in such structures. The mechanisms through which these molecules trigger the disease are unclear in most cases. An increase in the number of investigations in this area would undoubtedly contribute to preventing and combating a disease which strikes a significant number of people

Historia y Filosofía de la Ciencia en Latinoamérica

Introduction: The countries of Latin America have a common history in which they share languages, roots and traditions, and this is a major milestone in their unique way of progress. Objective: To characterise the communication patterns and impact of Latin American scientific output in the category “History and Philosophy of Science”. Methods: A bibliometric study was conducted where the documents belonging to the category "History and Philosophy of Science" from the period between 1996 and 2016 were analysed, using as tools Scival and Scimago Country and Journal Rank. Results: While the regional scientific output showed an annual growth, especially after 2009, this growth was less noticeable at a global level, which indicates the scientific community’s interest towards this type of studies. More than half of the documents were cited, with a citation average of 28 cites per document. More than 30% of the communications involved international collaboration. Different studies have proven that the works which involved collaboration had a greater impact, at the expense of their visibility. Conclusions: The analysis of the Latin-American field of History and Philosophy of Science is characterised by a sustained growth, with Brazil as its greater producer. The region has high indicators for scientific leadership and citation. They show their potential based on the recovery of the historical memory of Latin-American people in a new context related to the recognition of scientific heritage as an essential part of our people’s culture, economy, politics and society

Strategies to raise the standards of quality, standardization, visibility and scientific impact of the Master's Degree in Integrated Management of Nursing Services

Introduction: Academic excellence constitutes one of the most important and controversial elements in contemporary higher education; since its determination is closely linked to the processes of administrative management and teaching performance. The objective of a master's degree is to train professionals in specific areas of knowledge who are capable of conducting research with high scientific rigor, as well as to develop their professional practice with a high level of specialization.Objective: To describe the main results of the implementation of a strategy to raise the standards of quality, standardization, visibility and scientific impact of the Master's Degree in Integrated Management of Nursing Services.Results: The main strategies implemented are presented, grouped in three stages. In the first stage, the restructuring of the thesis follow-up was developed with the creation of the Scientific Tutoring section and the standardization of the pre-project, project and thesis models, the decision to follow up the thesis virtually, with traceability and transparency. The second stage included the creation of a thesis evaluation committee, development of a master's thesis repository, thesis director bank, and curricular adjustments. The third stage included the creation of the Scientific Tutoring Microsite and the implementation of the thesis in scientific article format.Conclusions: The implemented strategies developed have allowed to raise to 119 graduates in the last two years, of which 15 are theses in article format, to improve the flows of response and follow-up of theses

Perceptions on the management, exposure, biosafety and handling of cytostatics in the nursing staff of a private health institution in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires

Artículo[ES] Introducción: El profesional de enfermería oncológica es formado con conocimientos sobre el cáncer, modalidades de tratamiento, escenarios de cuidado del paciente. El riesgo a la exposición resultante de la manipulación de los citostáticos puede afectar la salud de los agentes sanitarios. Objetivo: describir las medidas de bioseguridad para la manipulación de citostáticos y los signos clínicos y síntomas producto de la exposición a estos medicamentos en el personal de enfermería de una institución de salud privada de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 31 profesionales de enfermería. Como instrumento recolección de datos se utilizó el propuesto por Villa y Varela-Díaz (2020), este instrumento registra datos sociodemográficos, laborales, de salud y sobre medidas de bioseguridad. Resultados: La muestra estuvo confirmada por un 74,2% del sexo femenino, la edad promedio fue de 37,67±6,79, el 58,1% era Licenciado/a en Enfermería, con una experiencia promedio en oncología de 4,06±4,09. El 96,8 % de los participantes administraba citostáticos y el 51,6 % participaba en el desecho. Los principales síntomas reportados fueron la cefalea y el dolor abdominal con 64,5% y 45,2% respectivamente. El 41,9% refiere la realización de exámenes paraclínicos y control por parte de la institución. Conclusiones: El personal de enfermería está expuesto a altos riesgos laborales cuando se trata de citostáticos. Se requiere el cumplimiento de los protocolos el manejo y descarte, con la finalidad de elevar los estándares de seguridad del paciente y seguridad laboral. [EN] Introduction: The oncology nurse practitioner is trained with knowledge about cancer, treatment modalities, patient care scenarios. The risk to exposure resulting from handling cytostatics can affect the health of healthcare workers. Objective: to describe the biosafety measures for handling cytostatics and the clinical signs and symptoms resulting from exposure to these drugs in the nursing staff of a private health care institution in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Methods: An observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out. The sample consisted of 31 nursing professionals. The data collection instrument used was the one proposed by Villa and Varela-Díaz (2020), which records sociodemographic, occupational, health and biosafety measures data. Results: The sample was 74.2% female, the average age was 37.67±6.79, 58.1% had a Bachelor’s degree in Nursing, with an average experience in oncology of 4.06±4.09. Of the participants, 96.8% administered cytostatics and 51.6% were involved in disposal. The main symptoms reported were headache and abdominal pain with 64.5% and 45.2% respectively. 41.9% referred to paraclinical examinations and control by the institution. Conclusions: Nursing personnel are exposed to high occupational risks when dealing with cytostatics. Compliance with protocols for handling and disposal is required in order to raise patient safety and occupational safety standards.S

Segurança do paciente, sua percepção pela equipe de enfermagem em um hospital materno-infantil

Introduction: patient safety is a challenge for nurses, so it is necessary to develop, monitor and evaluate quality and safety indicators that are measurable, objective, relevant and based in real evidence. Objective: to describe the perceptions concerning the patient safety culture among the nursing staff of the Critical care service in a mother and child hospital in the Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted between August and October 2021. The accessible population consisted of 57 nursing professionals. The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture was used as an instrument. Results: after analyzing the perceptions according to dimensions, it was found that the dimension with the highest values was 7 at feedback and communication about errors. The rest of the dimensions obtained scores in neutral range, with values less than or equal to 4 points. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied, and no statistically significant differences were found between the groups in any of the four variables analyzed.Conclusions: in the analysis concerning patient safety culture found non-negative perceptions where feedback and communication about errors was the only dimension with a positive score among the nurses surveyed. Finally, it should be noted that it was not possible to establish that the organizational culture of patient safety was conditioned by sociodemographic or training indicators.Introducción: la seguridad del paciente constituye un desafío para el personal de enfermería, por lo que se hace necesario el desarrollo, seguimiento y evaluación de indicadores de calidad y seguridad medibles, objetivos, relevantes y basados en la evidencia. Objetivo: describir las percepciones sobre la cultura de seguridad del paciente en el personal de enfermería del servicio de cuidados críticos en un hospital materno-infantil de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal entre los meses de agosto y octubre de 2021. La población accesible estuvo constituida por 57 profesionales de enfermería. Se utilizó como instrumento el Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture.Resultados: luego del análisis de las percepciones según dimensiones se encontró que la dimensión con valores más altos fue de 7 sobre la retroalimentación y comunicación sobre errores. El resto de las dimensiones obtuvieron puntuaciones en el rango de lo neutral, con valores menores o iguales a 4 puntos. Se aplicó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis, y no se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos en ninguna de las cuatro variables analizadas. Conclusiones: el análisis de la cultura de seguridad del paciente encontró percepciones no negativas donde la retroalimentación y comunicación sobre errores fue la única dimensión con puntuación positiva entre los enfermeros encuestados. Por último, destaca el hecho que no se pude establecer que la cultura organizacional de seguridad del paciente estuviera condicionada por indicadores sociodemográficos o de formación.Introdução: a segurança do paciente é um desafio para a equipe de enfermagem, por isso é necessário o desenvolvimento, monitoramento e avaliação de indicadores de qualidade e segurança mensuráveis, objetivos, relevantes e baseados em evidências. Objetivo: descrever as percepções sobre a cultura de segurança do paciente na equipe de enfermagem do serviço de cuidados intensivos em um hospital materno-infantil da Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Método: estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal, realizado entre os meses de agosto e outubro de 2021. A população acessível foi composta por 57 profissionais de enfermagem. O Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture foi utilizado como instrumento. Resultados: após analisar as percepções de acordo com as dimensões, verificou-se que a dimensão com maiores valores foi 7 no feedback e comunicação sobre erros. As demais dimensões obtiveram pontuações na faixa neutra, com valores menores ou iguais a 4 pontos. Aplicou-se o teste de Kruskal-Wallis e não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos em nenhuma das quatro variáveis analisadas. Conclusões: a análise da cultura de segurança do paciente encontrou percepções não negativas onde o feedback e a comunicação sobre os erros foi a única dimensão com pontuação positiva entre os enfermeiros pesquisados. Por fim, destaca o fato de que não foi possível estabelecer que a cultura organizacional de segurança do paciente fosse condicionada por indicadores sociodemográficos ou de treinamento

Riscos ergonômicos e seus efeitos na saúde da equipe de Enfermagem

Introduction: works in hospital institutions in several countries is performed under inadequate working conditions. Concerning the ergonomic risk, this situation leads to illnesses in workers, such as musculoskeletal injuries, causing absenteeism in workers due to medical exemption certificates. Objective: to describe the arising musculoskeletal injuries and absenteeism-illness, also the working conditions that caused on the health personnel request for extended medical exemption certificates. Method: an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out, during the period September throughout October 2021, on 23 nursing professionals with extended medical exemption certificates, all of them associated to a public institution at the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The Standardized Nordic Questionnaire and the Questionnaire of Ergonomic Situation for working environment were used. The following variables were analyzed: working environment conditions, ergonomic risks and occupational hazards, musculoskeletal symptoms, absenteeism, body posture according to the spine and arms position.Results: the 60.9% of personnel surveyed were female. The mean age was 35.9 years, mode 39 and standard deviation 9.2 years. Injuries at the upper and lower back, neck and both shoulders prevailed. Concerning satisfaction on the ergonomic conditions of the furniture and the adopted body posture, 73.9% reported that it was not very satisfactory. Conclusions: the ergonomic risks that impact the nursing staff at this institution cause physical and mental damage due to the overload of the musculoskeletal apparatus and the cognitive function they have to perform in order to carry out their daily activities.Introducción: el trabajo en instituciones hospitalarias de varios países es realizado en condiciones laborales inadecuadas. En el caso de las ergonómicas esta situación acarrea enfermedades en los trabajadores, como son las lesiones osteomusculares, con su consiguiente ausentismo por licencias médicas. Objetivo: describir la ocurrencia de lesiones osteomusculares y de ausentismo-enfermedad y las condiciones laborales que ocasionó la solicitud de licencias prolongadas en el personal de salud. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal en 23 profesionales de Enfermería con licencia de larga duración, de una institución pública en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, en el periodo septiembre-octubre de 2021. Se utilizó el Cuestionario Nórdico Estandarizado y el Cuestionario de Situación Ergonómica del Ambiente de Trabajo. Fueron analizadas las variables: condiciones del entorno laboral, riesgos ergonómicos y riesgos laborales, síntomas osteomusculares, ausentismo, postura corporal según posición de columna vertebral y brazos.Resultados: el 60,9 % de los encuestados perteneció al sexo femenino. La edad promedio fue de 35,9 años, moda de 39 y la desviación estándar de 9,2 años. Prevalecieron las lesiones en espalda alta y baja, cuello y ambos hombros. En cuanto a la satisfacción respecto a la postura corporal adoptada y las condiciones ergonómicas del mobiliario, el 73,9 % refirió que era poco satisfactorio. Conclusiones: los riesgos ergonómicos que influyen en el personal de Enfermería de esta institución ocasionan daños físicos y mentales al personal debido a la sobrecarga del aparato músculo-esquelético y la función cognitiva que tienen que desempeñar para realizar sus actividades diarias.Introdução: o trabalho em instituições hospitalares em vários países é realizado em condições inadequadas de trabalho. No caso da ergonomia, essa situação leva a doenças nos trabalhadores, como lesões musculoesqueléticas, com consequente absenteísmo por licença médica. Objetivo: descrever a ocorrência de lesões musculoesqueléticas e absenteísmo-doença e as condições de trabalho que levaram ao pedido de afastamento prolongado do pessoal de saúde. Método: estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal, realizado em 23 profissionais de Enfermagem com licença de longa duração, de uma instituição pública da Cidade Autônoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, no período de setembro a outubro de 2021. O Questionário Nórdico Padronizado e o Questionário de Situação Ergonômica do Ambiente de Trabalho. As variáveis analisadas foram: condições do ambiente de trabalho, riscos ergonômicos e ocupacionais, sintomas osteomusculares, absenteísmo, postura corporal de acordo com a posição da coluna e dos braços. Resultados: 60,9% dos entrevistados eram do sexo feminino. A média de idade foi de 35,9 anos, a moda de 39 e o desvio padrão de 9,2 anos. Lesões na parte superior e inferior das costas, pescoço e ambos os ombros prevaleceram. Em relação à satisfação com a postura corporal adotada e as condições ergonômicas do mobiliário, 73,9% relataram que era insatisfatória. Conclusões: os riscos ergonômicos que influenciam a equipe de Enfermagem desta instituição causam danos físicos e mentais à equipe devido à sobrecarga do aparelho musculoesquelético e da função cognitiva que têm que desempenhar para realizar suas atividades diárias

Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Health, Science and Technology): a space for scientific communication with an interdisciplinary approach

COVID-19, or severe acute respiratory syndrome type 2 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is transmitted through large droplets generated during coughs and sneezes by symptomatic patients, but can also occur in asymptomatic individuals and before onset. of symptoms. Dental services are not unrelated to the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes some considerations based on dental care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the scenario we live in today, a lot of uncertainty is generated in the decision-making process. We are aware that the extreme dynamics of the outbreak and the relative speed of information gathering can determine a sudden change of opinion and recommendations for the prevention of SAR-CoV-2 infection in the setting of dental care. Stomatology professionals are extremely exposed to the risk of SAR-CoV-2 infection, so it is necessary to take proactive and preventive measures as a pillar to contain the spread of the virus