High-Energy Astrophysics in the 2020s and Beyond

With each passing decade, we gain new appreciation for the dynamic, connected, and often violent nature of the Universe. This reality necessarily places the study of high-energy processes at the very heart of modern astrophysics. This White Paper illustrates the central role of high-energy astrophysics to some of the most pressing astrophysical problems of our time, the formation/evolution of galaxies, the origin of the heavy elements, star and planet formation, the emergence of life on exoplanets, and the search for new physics. We also highlight the new connections that are growing between astrophysicists and plasma physicists. We end with a discussion of the challenges that must be addressed to realize the potential of these connections, including the need for integrated planning across physics and astronomy programs in multiple agencies, and the need to foster the creativity and career aspirations of individual scientists in this era of large projects.Comment: Astro2020 White Paper submissio

Building Coalitions to Support Indigenous Language Speakers During the COVID-19 Pandemic

While the work of language access is ongoing and has been taking place for a long time in various contexts, language access efforts often ignore Indigenous communities. As such, more interventions are needed to recognize how health-related messaging needs to be adapted not only across languages, but across worldviews. In this article, a technical communication scholar and Spanish-English translator and a Chinateco-Spanish translator, interpreter, and activist from the Municipio de San Pedro Yolox discuss their work to foster language access during the COVID-19 pandemic for and with Indigenous language speakers in Oaxaca de Juárez, Mexico, and Gainesville, Florida, USA. Through their reflective examples, the authors argue that in order to work toward language access through a social justice orientation during the COVID-19 pandemic, technical communication researchers and health justice activists should collaborate with and amplify the work of Indigenous language speakers, particularly by learning about, embracing, and centralizing Indigenous frameworks and understandings of language

Factores económicos, sociodemográficos y de salud asociados al rechazo de la vacuna contra el SARS COV-2 en la provincia de Yungay- Ancash en el periodo de agosto del 2022 a julio del 2023

Determinar si los factores económicos, sociodemográficos y de salud están asociados al rechazo de la vacuna contra el SARS COV-2 en la provincia de Yungay- Ancash en el periodo de agosto del 2022 a julio del 2023. Metodología: Estudio analítico, transversal en el que incluyeron 138 pacientes, según criterios de selección, los cuales se dividieron en función de la aceptación o rechazo de la vacuna contra el SARS-COV2, se calculó el Chi cuadrado y el estadígrafo la razón de prevalencias. Resultados: el bajo ingreso Familiar es un factores económico asociados al rechazo de la vacuna contra el SARS-COV2, La edad mayor a 60 años, el sexo femenino, el nivel de educación no superior y el conocimiento inadecuado son factores sociodemográficos asociados al rechazo de la vacuna contra el SARS-COV2, la presencia de Comorbilidades es un factor de salud asociado al rechazo de la vacuna contra el SARS-COV2. Conclusiones: La edad mayor a 60 años, el sexo femenino, el bajo ingreso Familiar, el nivel de educación no superior, el nivel de conocimiento inadecuado y la presencia de comorbilidades son factores asociados al rechazo de la vacuna contra el SARS-COV2.Determine if economic, sociodemographic and health factors are associated with the rejection of the SARS COV-2 vaccine in the province of Yungay-Ancash in the period from August 2022 to July 2023. Methodology: The study an analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out in which 138 patients were included, according to selection criteria, which were divided according to the acceptance or rejection of the SARS-COV2 vaccine, the Chi square and the statistician the prevalence ratio. Results: Low family income is an economic factor associated with the rejection of the SARS-COV2 vaccine. Age over 60 years, female sex, non-higher education level and inadequate knowledge are sociodemographic factors associated with vaccine rejection. against SARS-COV2, the presence of Comorbidities is a health factor associated with the rejection of the SARS-COV2 vaccine. Conclusions: Age over 60 years, female sex, low family income, non-higher education level, inadequate level of knowledge and the presence of comorbidities are factors associated with rejection of the SARS-COV2 vaccine.Tesi

Who Selects an Online Class Over the Same Course Face-to-Face? And Who Learns More? Results from a Mixed-Methods, Quasi-Experimental Study of Teaching the Sociology of Work and Family

We analyze the student learning and background characteristics of multiple sections of an upper-division undergraduate work and family sociology course, two taught face-to-face and four offered completely online. The learning environments across the two delivery modes were strictly controlled, with the same instructor in all six sections, the same assignments, and the same grading standards. Our qualitative data suggest that students select either online or face-to-face sections to match their perceived learning styles, and to accommodate their academic schedules, as well as work and family obligations. Our quantitative results suggest that most learning outcomes do not differ by delivery mode. We do see differences in levels of class participation favoring online students; students with higher GPAs participate more, while those with higher levels of activity hours and who are taking more online credits participate less. Online students face a trade-off between working more hours and participating in online classes. Our results need replication to determine whether these findings obtain in other upper-division sociology classes

Reduction of leukocyte microvascular adherence and preservation of blood-brain barrier function by superoxide-lowering therapies in a piglet model of neonatal asphyxia

Background: Asphyxia is the most common cause of brain damage in newborns. Substantial evidence indicates that leukocyte recruitment in the cerebral vasculature during asphyxia contributes to this damage. We tested the hypothesis that superoxide radical (O2⋅_) promotes an acute post-asphyxial inflammatory response and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. We investigated the effects of removing O2⋅_ by superoxide dismutase (SOD) or C3, the cell-permeable SOD mimetic, in protecting against asphyxia-related leukocyte recruitment. We also tested the hypothesis that xanthine oxidase activity is one source of this radical.Methods: Anesthetized piglets were tracheostomized, ventilated, and equipped with closed cranial windows for the assessment of post-asphyxial rhodamine 6G-labeled leukocyte-endothelial adherence and microvascular permeability to sodium fluorescein in cortical venules. Asphyxia was induced by discontinuing ventilation. SOD and C3 were administered by cortical superfusion. The xanthine oxidase inhibitor oxypurinol was administered intravenously.Results: Leukocyte-venular adherence significantly increased during the initial 2 h of post-asphyxial reperfusion. BBB permeability was also elevated relative to non-asphyxial controls. Inhibition of O2⋅_ production by oxypurinol, or elimination of O2⋅_ by SOD or C3, significantly reduced rhodamine 6G-labeled leukocyte-endothelial adherence and improved BBB integrity, as measured by sodium fluorescein leak from cerebral microvessels.Conclusion: Using three different strategies to either prevent formation or enhance elimination of O2⋅_ during the post-asphyxial period, we saw both reduced leukocyte adherence and preserved BBB function with treatment. These findings suggest that agents which lower O2⋅_ in brain may be attractive new therapeutic interventions for the protection of the neonatal brain following asphyxia

Factores predictores de Covid prolongado en el Centro de Salud Miraflores Alto - Chimbote, 2021

El objetivo del proyecto de investigación Factores predictores de Covid prolongado en el Centro de Salud Miraflores Alto ? Chimbote, 2021 fue el de determinar los factores predictores de COVID prolongado en los pacientes atendidos en el Centro de Salud Miraflores Alto ? Chimbote, en los periodos de Julio a diciembre del 2021. La metodología que se utilizó es de una investigación de tipo básica en dirección efecto causa, con estudio de casos y controles, retrospectivo y transversal. La población es de 134 historias clínicas con un tamaño de muestra de 100 pacientes para los casos y controles. Los resultados fueron que el factor fiebre y COVID prolongado tienen una significancia estadística (p=0,005) con un OR = 3,307; I.C. 95% [1,417? 7,715] siendo este un factor de riesgo. El factor de dificultad respiratoria y COVID prolongado tienen una significancia estadística (p=0,036) con un OR = 2,800; I.C. 95% [1,050? 7,469] siendo este un factor de riesgo. También el factor mialgia y COVID prolongado con una significancia estadística (p=0,018) y un OR = 2,647; I.C. 95% [1,174 ? 6,968] siendo un factor de riesgo. El factor grado de severidad y COVID prolongado con significancia estadística (p=0,119) con un OR = 1,830; I.C. 95% [1,527 ? 2,194] siendo este también un factor de riesgo. Se encontró también que el 50% de la muestra presentó COVID prolongado y el 50% no lo presentó. Se concluyo que el factor de riesgo con mayor fuerza de asociación con COVID prolongado fue: la presencia de mialgia, fiebre, la dificultad respiratoria durante la primera semana de la infección por COVID-19 y el grado de severidad de COVID-19, siendo p1.Tesi

Nivel de conocimiento y características de uso de los métodos anticonceptivos en mujeres en edad fértil en un centro de salud privado del distrito de Los Olivos, 2021

OBJETIVO: Determinar la relación que existe entre el nivel de conocimiento y las características de uso de métodos anticonceptivos en mujeres en edad fértil de un centro de salud privado del Distrito de Los Olivos durante el periodo setiembre y octubre 2021. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio de tipo observacional, con diseño no experimental, transversal, descriptivo simple, en el que participaron 80 mujeres de dicha edad de un centro de salud privado en el Distrito de Los Olivos que fueron entrevistadas en el periodo de setiembre a octubre del 2021. Para el análisis descriptivo de las variables cualitativas cada unidad de análisis fue seleccionada mediante muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple. La relación entre el nivel de conocimiento y las características de uso de los métodos anticonceptivos se estableció mediante la prueba Chi-cuadrado, con un nivel de confianza del 95%, el cual se consideró significativo cuando tenía un valor p<0.05. RESULTADOS: La edad promedio de las mujeres fue de 18 a 59 años, eran convivientes (30.6%), con grado de instrucción secundaria (37.6%) El nivel de conocimiento sobre los métodos anticonceptivos fue “Excelente” en el 42.3% de ellas, “Bueno” en el 30.5% y “Regular” en el 27.2%. El 84.7% de mujeres en edad fértil usan métodos anticonceptivos, mientras que el 15.3% no usan. Existe relación entre el nivel de conocimiento y las características de uso de métodos anticonceptivos. CONCLUSIÓN: El nivel de conocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos se relaciona de manera significativa con las características de uso en mujeres en edad fértil de un centro de salud privado del Distrito de Los Olivos durante el periodo setiembre y octubre 2021. (p= 0.0000).OBJECTIVE: Determine the relationship that exists between the level of knowledge and the characteristics of use of contraceptive methods in women of fertile age in a private health center in the District of Los Olivos during the period September and October 2021. METHODOLOGY: Observational study, with a non-experimental, transversal, simple descriptive design, in which 80 women of that age from a private health center in the District of Los Olivos who were interviewed in the period from September to October 2021 participated. the descriptive analysis of the qualitative variables, each unit of analysis was selected through simple random probabilistic sampling. The relationship between the level of knowledge and the characteristics of use of contraceptive methods was established using the Chi-square test, with a confidence level of 95%, which was considered significant when it had a p value <0.05. RESULTS: The average age of the women was 18 to 59 years, they were cohabitants (30.6%), with a secondary education degree (37.6%). The level of knowledge about contraceptive methods was “Excellent” in 42.3% of them, “Good ” in 30.5% and “Regular” in 27.2%. 84.7% of women of childbearing age use contraceptive methods, while 15.3% do not use them. There is a relationship between the level of knowledge and the characteristics of use of contraceptive methods. CONCLUSION: The level of knowledge about contraceptive methods is significantly related to the characteristics of use in women of childbearing age in a private health center in the Los Olivos District during the period September and October 2021. (p= 0.0000)

Ladies that UX Leadership and Organization Report

Ladies that UX (LTUX) is an international organization focused on mentoring women in the software industry. In order to explore both the mission and the focus of the international organization and smaller, localized chapters of LTUX, we conducted a series of surveys and interviews. These surveys focused on how local groups of LTUX were formed and structured, what leaders see as the goals and needs of their chapters, and how members interact with both each other and with the broader international organization. Our research goal was to gain some insight into means of formation, communication, and structure of these local chapters and to understand and anticipate what chapter needs are, in order to better grow LTUX as an organization

BPM en el proceso de compra y mejora del servicio de la línea de repuestos Iveco de la empresa Motored

Con el presente estudio se demuestra que la implementación de la metodología BPM (Business Process Management) en la gestión de las compras para stock mejora el nivel de servicio de repuestos Iveco en la empresa Motored. El método del estudio fue explicativo y su diseño fue cuasiexperimental. La población fueron todos los repuestos del inventario de Motored del año 2018. Se tomaron muestras diferentes para validar cada hipótesis planteada mediante indicadores logísticos. Se utilizó el Sistema informático DBS (Dealer Business System) para el procesamiento y análisis de datos. A lo largo del estudio se comprobó la relación directa de la implementación del BPM en la disminución de pedidos con ruptura de stock, en la disminución del lead time de repuestos y en la variación del Inventario valorizado de repuestos, lo cual redundó en la mejora del nivel de servicio de repuestos. Luego de implementar el BPM, la empresa logró mejorar la integración de los procesos de la logística de entrada. En el capítulo IV, puede apreciarse en detalle el proceso de validación de las hipótesis, a partir de lo cual se comprueba que la metodología BPM es eficaz para la mejora en el nivel de servicio de repuestos de la empresa Motored, por lo que se recomienda aplicarla en empresas del sector Automotriz.Tesi