Caracterizaci?n sociodemogr?fica, nutricional y cl?nica de los casos de desnutrici?n aguda moderada y severa en ni?os y ni?as menores de 5 a?os , en el departamento del Tolima para el a?o 2016

150 p. Recurso Electr?nicoIntroducci?n: la desnutrici?n aguda genera efectos para la salud en la primera infancia, encontr?ndose ligada al crecimiento y desarrollo. El Tolima ha reportado 16 casos a la semana epidemiol?gica 9 del 2016. (6) Objetivo: describir las caracter?sticas sociodemogr?ficas, nutricionales y cl?nicas en menores de 5 a?os con desnutrici?n aguda moderada y severa en el Tolima, enero a diciembre de 2016. Dise?os y m?todos: se realiz? un estudio descriptivo con informaci?n reportada al SIVIGILA en el Tolima durante el 2016. Utilizando fuentes de datos secundarias, analizadas con programas Excel y SPSS versi?n 22. Resultados: De 565 datos, se depuraron y aceptaron 233 datos, encontr?ndose (65,2%) desnutrici?n aguda moderada y severa (34,8%). Mayor frecuencia sexo masculino (53,2%), (57,1%) en cabecera municipal, r?gimen subsidiado (87,3%), el (96,6%) pertenecen a otros grupos poblacionales y la pertenencia ?tnica m?s reportada fueron ind?genas (8,6%). Para las variables sociodemogr?ficas de los cuidadores se hall? que en m?s del 90% son mujeres, superan los 18 a?os (94,4%), el (48,1%) tienen nivel de escolaridad primaria y estrato socioecon?mico 1 (80,2%). Los ni?os con nacimiento a t?rmino presentaron deficiente peso al nacer (32,9%), los que nacieron a pret?rmino evidenciaron bajo peso al nacer (5%). El (92%) inscritos al programa de control de crecimiento y desarrollo y (87,6%) esquema de vacunaci?n completo. Se present? una mayor incidencia en la desnutrici?n aguda moderada, el sexo masculino y los municipios de Guamo y Flandes. Los signos cl?nicos en desnutrici?n aguda moderada son (24,9%) delgadez visible, anemia (15%), lesiones de cabello (7,3%) e hiperpigmentaci?n (6,4%), y en la desnutrici?n aguda severa la piel reseca (9,4%). Palabras claves: Desnutrici?n aguda.Introduction: Acute malnutrition generates health effects in early childhood, being linked to growth and development. Tolima has reported 16 cases in the 9th epidemiological week of 2016. (6) Objective: To describe the socio-demographic, nutritional and clinical characteristics in children under 5 years of age with moderate and severe acute malnutrition in Tolima, from January to December, 2016. Design and Methods: A descriptive study was carried out with information reported to SIVIGILA in Tolima during 2016. Using secondary data sources, analyzed with Excel and SPSS programs, version 22. Results: From 565 data, 233 data were depurated and accepted, finding (65.2%) moderate acute malnutrition and (34.8%) severe malnutrition. The highest frequency was males (53.2%), (57.1%) in the main town of the municipality, subsidized regime (87.3%), (96.6%) belong to other population groups. The most reported ethnic group was indigenous population (8.6%). For the socio-demographic variables of caregivers, it was found that over 90% are women who exceed 18 years of age (94.4%); (48.1%) have primary education level and (80.2 %) socioeconomic stratum 1. Children born to term with low birth weight (32.9%); and those born to preterm with low birth weight (5%). (92%) of those enrolled in the growth and development control program, (87.6%) complete vaccination scheme. There was a greater incidence in moderate acute malnutrition, in male, in the municipalities of Guamo and Flandes. The clinical signs of moderate acute malnutrition are visible thinness (24.9%), anemia (15%), hair injuries (7.3%) and hyperpigmentation (6.4%), and in severe acute malnutrition, dry skin (9.4%). Keywords: Acute malnutrition

Fortaleciendo los h?bitos lectores implementando la literatura infantil como estrategia l?dico pedag?gica para enriquecer las habilidades comunicativas de los ni?os y ni?as del grado preescolar

116 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEl presente proyecto de investigaci?n centra su acci?n en estimular desde edades tempranas, la lectura y el acercamiento a los libros, como v?a para desarrollar h?bitos lectores y enriquecer las habilidades comunicativas. Tiene como objetivo fijar en el ni?o el h?bito de la lectura donde el principal factor es determinar aquellas posibles causas que propician o desmotivan a los ni?os el deseo de leer dentro de su mundo, aprender a tener un h?bito lector a temprana edad se ve como una necesidad en el desarrollo personal y social de cada uno de los ni?os, por eso vemos necesidad o alternativa de desarrollar estrategias l?dico pedag?gicas como la literatura infantil, por medio de un proyecto pedag?gico de aula para fortalecer h?bitos lectores, que le permitan transformar su inteligencia creadora, mejorar sus competencias comunicativas entre las que aparecen, leer, escribir, hablar y escuchar adem?s permite acercarlos de manera agradable a los textos. Conforme con esto, se tiene como referencia la investigaci?n formativa, de igual manera un modelo de investigaci?n cualitativo con enfoque etnogr?fico, con ?nfasis participativo y cooperativo, utilizando instrumentos como entrevistas, cuestionarios entre otros dentro del desarrollo del proyecto. El cual se llev? mediante dos fases, la primera se hizo mediante la observaci?n de la cual se detect? una problem?tica y la segunda en la cual se hizo una intervenci?n mediante el proyecto pedag?gico de aula, que dio paso a la participaci?n activa de toda una comunidad educativa. Palabras clave: literatura ? lectura ? h?bitos ? cuentos ? habilidades comunicativasThe present research project focuses on stimulating reading and the approaching to books from early ages, as a way to develop reading habits and enriching communicative skills. Its aim is to establish the habit of reading in children, where the main factor is to determine those possible causes that encourage or discourage children the desire to read within their world; learning to acquire a reading habit at an early age is seen as a necessity in the personal and social development of each child, thus, it is seen the necessity or alternative to implement dynamic-pedagogical strategies such as children's literature, through a pedagogical classroom project to strengthen reading habits, that allows him to transform his creative intelligence and to improve his communicative competences such as, reading, writing, speaking and listening; it also allows to connect them in a pleasant way to texts. Accordingly, the research is based on formative research, as well as a qualitative research model with an ethnographic approach, with a participative and cooperative emphasis, using instruments such as interviews, questionnaires and others within the project development. This was carried out in two phases: the first one was done through the observation in which a problematic was detected and the second one, where an intervention was made through the classroom pedagogical project, which gave way to the active participation of an entire educational community. Keywords: Literature - reading - habits - stories - communicative skill

Novel Mutation Hotspots within Non-Coding Regulatory Regions of the Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Genome

Mutations in non-coding DNA regions are increasingly recognized as cancer drivers. These mutations can modify gene expression in cis or by inducing high-order chormatin structure modifications with long-range effects. Previous analysis reported the detection of recurrent and functional non-coding DNA mutations in the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) genome, such as those in the 3' untranslated region of NOTCH1 and in the PAX5 super-enhancer. In this report, we used whole genome sequencing data produced by the International Cancer Genome Consortium in order to analyze regions with previously reported regulatory activity. This approach enabled the identification of numerous recurrently mutated regions that were frequently positioned in the proximity of genes involved in immune and oncogenic pathways. By correlating these mutations with expression of their nearest genes, we detected significant transcriptional changes in genes such as PHF2 and S1PR2. More research is needed to clarify the function of these mutations in CLL, particularly those found in intergenic regions

La lectura fotogr?fica y el Slide, herramientas did?cticas para fortalecer la oralidad y la escritura

106 P?ginasRecurso Electr?nicoLa lectura fotogr?fica y el Slide, herramientas did?cticas para fortalecer la oralidad y la escritura con estudiantes del grado 7?. Un estudio comprensivo sobre fen?menos orales desde el proceso etnometodol?gico en la Instituci?n Educativa Departamental Policarpa Salavarrieta, hace parte del trabajo que desarrolla el Semillero Lenguaje y Territorio Escolar. Esta investigaci?n toma la Etnometodolog?a porque indaga e interpreta sobre los fen?menos orales que suceden en la escuela y propone alternativas de estudio sobre la diversidad socio - cultural expresada en la territorialidad escolar. Adem?s, asume lo etnometodol?gico y hermen?utico porque busca describir y comprender el mundo social tal y como se construye. El proceso de investigaci?n se inicia con la aplicaci?n de la observaci?n directa, el diario de campo y la entrevista. Estos instrumentos evidenciaron dificultades en la expresi?n oral y escrita de los estudiantes del grado s?ptimo. Para ello, el trabajo toma el siguiente problema: ?C?mo la lectura fotogr?fica y el SLIDE pueden fortalecer la oralidad y la escritura de los estudiantes del grado 7?, a partir del estudio comprensivo sobre fen?menos orales desde el proceso etnometodol?gico en la Instituci?n Educativa Departamental POLICARPA SALAVARRIETA? En consecuencia, esta investigaci?n propone comprender fen?menos orales para fortalecer la oralidad y la escritura con estudiantes del grado 7? a partir del uso de la lectura de fotograf?as y el Slide. Cabe resaltar, que este trabajo de investigaci?n, promueve la lectura desde la fotograf?a, como herramienta did?ctica, para mejorar su expresi?n oral y producci?n de textos escritos.ABSTRACT. The photographic reading and Slide, teaching tools to strengthen orality and writing with 7th grade students. A comprehensive study on oral phenomena from the ethnomethodological process Policarpa Departmental Educational Institution Salvarrieta, is part of the work that the Seed School Language and Territory. This research takes ethnomethodology because it explores and interprets on oral phenomena occurring at school and proposes alternatives study on the socio - cultural diversity expressed in school territoriality. Also assumes the ethnomethodological and hermeneutic because it seeks to describe and understand the social world as it is constructed. The research process begins with the application of direct observation, field diary and interview. These instruments showed difficulties in oral and written expression seventh graders. For this, the work takes the following problem: How photographic SLIDE reading and can strengthen orality and writing graders 7th, from comprehensive study on oral phenomena from the ethnomethodological process in the Departmental Educational Institution Policarpa Salavarrieta? Consequently, this research aims to understand phenomena to strengthen oral orality and writing with 7th grade students from the use of photographs and reading the Slide. It should be noted that this research, promotes reading from photography, as a teaching tool to improve their oral expression and production of written texts. Keywords: Reading, Photography, CapturingINTRODUCCI?N 14 1. PROBLEMA 16 1.1 DESCRIPCI?N DEL PROBLEMA 16 1.2 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA 17 1.3 FORMULACI?N DEL PROBLEMA 17 2. JUSTIFICACI?N 18 3. OBJETIVOS 20 3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 20 3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS 20 4. REFERENTE TEORICO 21 4.1 FEN?MENOS ORALES EN EL TERRITORIO ESCOLAR 21 4.2 VISI?N LEGAL 22 4.3 FEN?MENOS ORALES 23 4.4 TERRITORIO 26 4.5 PENSAMIENTO Y LENGUAJE 28 4.6 DE LA COMPETENCIA Y DE LAS HABILIDADES 31 4.7 PR?CTICAS PEDAG?GICAS 35 4.8 ETNOMETODOLOG?A 36 5. METODOLOG?A 39 5.1 ETAPAS DEL PROCESO DE INTERVENCI?N 41 5.1.1 Primera Etapa 41 5.1.2 Segunda Etapa 41 5.1.3 Tercera Etapa 42 5.1.4 Cuarta Etapa 43 6. AN?LISIS DE LOS RESULTADOS 44 6.1 ARTISTAS EN ACCI?N 44 6.2 LA LECTURA DESCRIPTIVA 50 6.3 INCENTIVAR? LOS ACTOS COMUNICATIVOS 54 7. CONCLUSIONES 57 RECOMENDACIONES 58 REFERENCIAS 6

New Recurrent Structural Aberrations in the Genome of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Based on Exome-Sequencing Data

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent lymphoproliferative syndrome in Western countries, and it is characterized by recurrent large genomic rearrangements. During the last decades, array techniques have expanded our knowledge about CLL's karyotypic aberrations. The advent of large sequencing databases expanded our knowledge cancer genomics to an unprecedented resolution and enabled the detection of small-scale structural aberrations in the cancer genome. In this study, we have performed exome-sequencing-based copy number aberration (CNA) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis in order to detect new recurrent structural aberrations. We describe 54 recurrent focal CNAs enriched in cancer-related pathways, and their association with gene expression and clinical evolution. Furthermore, we discovered recurrent large copy number neutral LOH events affecting key driver genes, and we recapitulate most of the large CNAs that characterize the CLL genome. These results provide "proof-of-concept" evidence supporting the existence of new genes involved in the pathogenesis of CLL

Epigenetic Silencing of Tumor Suppressor miR-124 Directly Supports STAT3 Activation in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

Increasing evidence supports a potential role for STAT3 as a tumor driver in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). The mechanisms leading to STAT3 activation are not fully understood; however, we recently found that miR-124, a known STAT3 regulator, is robustly silenced in MF tumor-stage and CTCL cells. OBJECTIVE: We studied here whether deregulation of miR-124 contributes to STAT3 pathway activation in CTCL. METHODS: We measured the effect of ectopic mir-124 expression in active phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) levels and evaluated the transcriptional impact of miR-124-dependent STAT3 pathway regulation by expression microarray analysis. RESULTS: We found that ectopic expression of miR-124 results in massive downregulation of activated STAT3 in different CTCL lines, which resulted in a significant alteration of genetic signatures related with gene transcription and proliferation such as MYC and E2F. CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the importance of the miR-124/STAT3 axis in CTCL and demonstrates that the STAT3 pathway is regulated through epigenetic mechanisms in these cells. Since deregulated STAT3 signaling has a major impact on CTCL initiation and progression, a better understanding of the molecular basis of the miR-124/STAT3 axis may provide useful information for future personalized therapies

On new gravitational instantons describing creation of brane-worlds

By considering 5--dimensional cosmological models with a bulk filled with a pressureless scalar field; equivalently dust matter, and a negative cosmological constant, we have found a regular instantonic solution which is free from any singularity at the origin of the extra--coordinate. This instanton describes 5--dimensional asymptotically anti de Sitter wormhole, when the bulk has a topology R times S^4. Compactified brane-world instantons which are built up from such instantonic solution describe either a single brane or a string of branes. Their analytical continuation to the pseudo--Riemannian metric can give rise to either 4-dimensional inflating branes or solutions with the same dynamical behaviour for extra--dimension and branes, in addition to multitemporal solutions. Dust brane-world models with arbitrary dimensions (D >= 5) as well as other spatial topologies are also briefly discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX2e, accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravit

Expansion of different subpopulations of CD26 ?/low T cells in allergic and non-allergic asthmatics

CD26 displays variable levels between effector (TH17 >> TH1 > TH2 > Treg) and naive/memory (memory > naive) CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Besides, IL-6/IL(-)6R is associated with TH17-differentiation and asthma severity. Allergic/atopic asthma (AA) is dominated by TH2 responses, while TH17 immunity might either modulate the TH2-dependent inflammation in AA or be an important mechanism boosting non-allergic asthma (NAA). Therefore, in this work we have compared the expression of CD26 and CD126 (IL-6Ralpha) in lymphocytes from different groups of donors: allergic (AA) and non-allergic (NAA) asthma, rhinitis, and healthy subjects. For this purpose, flow cytometry, haematological/biochemical, and in vitro proliferation assays were performed. Our results show a strong CD26-CD126 correlation and an over-representation of CD26(-) subsets with a highly-differentiated effector phenotype in AA (CD4(+)CD26(-/low) T cells) and NAA (CD4(-)CD26(-) gammadelta-T cells). In addition, we found that circulating levels of CD26 (sCD26) were reduced in both AA and NAA, while loss of CD126 expression on different leukocytes correlated with higher disease severity. Finally, selective inhibition of CD26-mRNA translation led to enhanced T cell proliferation in vitro. These findings support that CD26 down-modulation could play a role in facilitating the expansion of highly-differentiated effector T cell subsets in asthma

ZNF577 Methylation Levels in Leukocytes From Women With Breast Cancer Is Modulated by Adiposity, Menopausal State, and the Mediterranean Diet

The methylation levels of ZNF577 in breast tumors has been previously identified as a possible epigenetic mark of breast cancer associated with obesity. The aim of the current study was to investigate differences in methylation levels of ZNF577 depending on obesity, menopausal state and dietary pattern in blood leukocytes, a non-invasive sample. The methylation levels of ZNF577 of two CpG sites (CpGs) located in promoter and island previously identified as differentially methylated according to adiposity and menopausal state by 450 k array (cg10635122, cg03562414) were evaluated by pyrosequencing in DNA from the blood leukocytes of breast cancer patients [n = 90; n = 64 (71.1%) overweight/obesity and n = 26 (28.9%) normal-weight] and paired tumor tissue biopsies (n = 8 breast cancer patients with obesity; n = 3/5 premenopausal/postmenopausal women). Differences in methylation levels were evaluated at each CpGs individually and at the mean of the two evaluated CpGs. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the MEDAS-validated questionnaire, and the consumption of food groups of interest was also evaluated using the recommended intakes of the Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Comunitaria. The methylation levels of ZNF577 were correlated between paired leukocytes and breast tumor biopsies (r = 0.62; p = 0.001). Moreover, higher methylation was found in leukocytes from patients with obesity (p = 0.002) and postmenopausal patients (p = 0.022) than patients with normal-weight or premenopausal, respectively. After adjusting for the body mass index and age, higher levels of ZNF577 methylation were also found in women with greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p = 0.017) or specific foods. Relevantly, the methylation levels of ZNF577 showed a good ability for fish consumption detection [area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.72; p = 0.016]. In conclusion, the association between methylation of ZNF577 and adiposity, menopausal state, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet can be detected in the blood leukocytes. The results guarantee the need of performing further studies in longer longitudinal cohorts in order to elucidate the role of ZNF577 methylation in the association between breast cancer, adiposity and dietary patterns

Variable G and Λ\Lambda: scalar-tensor versus RG-improved cosmology

We study the consequences due to time varying $G$ and $\Lambda$ in scalar-tensor theories of gravity for cosmology, inspired by the modifications introduced by the Renormalization Group (RG) equations in the Quantum Einstein Gravity. We assume a power-law scale factor in presence contemporarily of both the scalar field and the matter components of the cosmic fluid, and analyze a special case and its generalization, also showing the possibility of a phantom cosmology. In both such situations we find a negative kinetic term for the scalar field $Q$ and, possibly, an equation-of-state parameter $w_Q<-1$. A violation of dominant energy condition (DEC) for $Q$ is also possible in both of them; but, while in the first special case the $Q$-energy density then remains positive, in the second one we find it negative.Comment: 25 pages, to be published in Gen. Rel. Grav. 200