Melioidosis, un souvenir caro e inolvidable

Melioidosis is an endemic disease in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. It was introduced to Western countries as a result of tourism and commercial traffic. It is more frequent in patients with diabetes and alcoholism. It can produce cutaneous abscesses, pneumonia, bacteremia without focus and osteomyelitis, among other affectations. The delay in diagnosis in non-endemic regions increases mortality. The treatment is based on the use of antibiotics combined with surgical drainage when appropriate. Mortality is high, although early treatment with adequate duration reduces the risk of relapse and death. We present the case of a 26-year-old woman with tibial osteomyelitis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei after a trip to Thailand.La melioidosis es una enfermedad endémica en el Sudeste Asiático y norte de Australia, e importada a países occidentales como consecuencia del turismo y del tráfico comercial. Es más frecuente en pacientes con diabetes y alcoholismo. Puede producir abscesos cutáneos, neumonía, bacteriemia sin foco y osteomielitis, entre otras afectaciones. El diagnóstico en regiones no endémicas suele retrasarse, lo que aumenta la mortalidad. El tratamiento se basa en el uso de antibióticos combinado con drenaje quirúrgico cuando procede. La mortalidad es elevada, aunque un tratamiento precoz con duración adecuada disminuye el riesgo de recaídas y de muerte. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 26 años con una osteomielitis tibial por Burkholderia pseudomallei tras un viaje a Tailandia

La escaces de la comunicación comercial al segmento de familia Dink

Seminario: factores que inciden en el comportamiento del consumido

Estudio comparativo de la bioactividad de dos materiales biocerámicos

Calcium silicate-based materials have been shown to be bioactive due to their ability to produce biologically compatible carbonated apatite. The objective of this study was to analyze the bioactivity of Biodentine ™ and MTA Repair HP® in contact with human dentine discs, which were sealed and divided randomly to form four groups: group 1 Biodentine™, group 2 MTA Repair HP®, positive control group MTA Angelus® and negative control group IRM®, which were incubated in PBS solution for 10 days, for a subsequent analysis by means of MEB-EDS and Raman spectroscopy. The three calcium-based materials analyzed in this study proved to be bioactive because upon contact with a phosphate-based solution they were triggered at the onset of amorphous calcium phosphate, as the precursor during the formation of carbonated apatite.Los materiales a base de silicato de calcio han demostrado ser bioactivos debido a su capacidad para producir apatita carbonatada biológicamente compatible. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la bioactividad de Biodentine™ y MTA Repair HP® en contacto con discos de dentina humana, que se obturaron y dividieron aleatoriamente para formar cuatro grupos: grupo 1 Biodentine™, grupo 2 MTA Repair HP®, grupo control positivo MTA Angelus® y grupo control negativo IRM®, los cuales se incubaron en solución PBS durante 10 días, para posterior análisis por medio de MEB-EDS y Espectroscopía Raman. Los tres materiales a base de silicato de calcio analizados en este estudio demostraron ser bioactivos pues al entrar en contacto con una solución a base de fosfato desencadenaron la precipitación inicial de fosfato de calcio amorfo, que actúa como precursor durante la formación de apatita carbonatada

Adhesión al tratamiento en un servicio de urgencias hospitalarias

Background: Patients do not always follow medical indications. This is a public health problem, with implications in health care and costs. The objective of this study was to calculate the percentage of non-adherence of adults to the treatment prescribed in a Hospital Emergency Service (“HES”) and understanding wich factors led to poor adherence so improvements can be established. Methods: Prospective observational study. Cohort of adults who attended the HES. We collected sociodemographic data, medical history, chronic treatments, diagnosis and treatment at discharge from each individual. We applied Morisky-Green test (tailor made to the HES) to asses secondary non-adherence and multivariate analysis to find a correlation with the factors studied. Results: We established a non-adherence of 36.6% (IC95%=30.0-43.8). Patients with chronic endocrine pathology (RR=11.2; IC95%=2.1-60.8), diagnosed with ophthalmological problems (RR=9.8; IC95%=1.1-89.6) or contusions, sprains or fractures (RR=2.9; IC95%=1.1- 7.8), those who were prescribed antibiotics (RR=5.4; IC95%=2.4-11.9), or those who considered that they had received sufficient explanations (RR=3.5; IC95%=1.0- 13.2) were more adherent. Those who received analgesics or anti-inflammatories were less adherent (RR=0.4; IC95%=0.2-0.9). Conclusions: Our results provide information on adherence in acute pathologies in the emergency department. Diabetes and ophthalmological problems or trauma are predictors of increased adherence. We observe more adherence in people with antibiotic treatments, although 20% did not complete treatment. There is a lack of adherence to analgesic/anti-inflammatory treatments. We consider it is important for professionals to take into account patient´s concerns about the medication. Patients who considered they had received enough explanations on their treatment were more adherent tan others. We believe it would be useful to provide further information about the outcomes of the medication we prescribe using new technologies such as mobile applications so we could increase adherence. Further studies would be needed to asses the benefit of the changes recently introduced (electronic hisory and prescription).Fundamentos: Que los pacientes no siempre sigan las indicaciones médicas es un problema de salud pública, que tiene implicaciones sobre los cuidados de salud y el coste de los servicios sanitarios. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el porcentaje de no adhesión al tratamiento pautado en adultos en un Servicio de Urgencias Hospitalarias (SUH), así como identificar los factores que influyen en ello para instaurar así medidas de mejora. Sujetos y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo, mediante una cohorte de personas adultas que acudieron al SUH. De cada persona se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, antecedentes, tratamientos crónicos y diagnóstico y tratamiento al alta. Se evaluaron, por medio de encuesta, la no adhesión primaria y secundaria (test de Morisky-Green adaptado a Urgencias), y se relacionó con los factores recogidos empleando análisis multivariable. Resultados: Se detectó una no adhesión del 36,6% (IC95%=30,0-43,8). Fueron más adherentes las personas con antecedente de enfermedad endocrina (RR=11,2; IC95%=2,1-60,8) y las que al alta fueron diagnosticadas de contusiones, esguinces o fracturas (RR=2,9; IC95%=1,1-7,8), o de algún problema oftalmológico (RR=9,8; IC95%=1,1-89,6). También fueron más adherentes los que al alta recibieron tratamiento antibiótico (RR=5,4; IC95%=2,4-11,9) o recibieron suficientes explicaciones (RR=3,5; IC95%=1,0-13,2). Fueron menos adherentes los pacientes con tratamiento analgésico o antinflamatorio (RR=0,4; IC95%=0,2-0,9). Conclusiones: Los resultados aportan información sobre la adhesión en patologías agudas en Urgencias. El ser diabético y el acudir debido a un problema oftalmológico o traumatológico son predictores de una mayor adhesión. En las personas con tratamiento antibiótico se observa una mayor adhesión, aunque todavía son necesarios esfuerzos para mejorar la situación, ya que un 20% no realizó adecuadamente el tratamiento. Se observa una importante falta de adhesión a los tratamientos con analgésicos o antiinflamatorios. A la vista de nuestros resultados, parece fundamental una buena comunicación. Es necesario sensibilizar a los profesionales para que tengan en cuenta las inquietudes y deseos del paciente acerca de la medicación, así como realizar esfuerzos dirigidos a mejorar la legibilidad del informe de alta y de las prescripciones

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data